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EN
Ecological crisis is most often regarded as an adverse impact of civilizational development. Educational problems concerning the sustainable development of modern societies include among others the problems of consciousness. They are essential to understand what kind of good for humanity the nature is. Hence discussions about the future development of civilization often refer to the issue of developing ecological consciousness, thanks to which the idea of a sustainable development stands a chance of being implemented. A crucial role in shaping it is played by educational activities. Without suitably shaped ecological consciousness during the conflict of interest it is rather short-term interests that are accomplished. However, this is at odds with the idea of a sustainable development and contributes to deepening the ecological crisis. Therefore, theoretical reflection must be closely linked to practical activities, including the educational ones. Development of a particular system of values and norms should entail its percolation into the sphere of social consciousness. Only then will it be possible to shape proper relations between the man, the society and nature.
PL
Kryzys ekologiczny widziany jest najczęściej jako niekorzystny skutek rozwoju cywilizacyjnego. Wśród problemów edukacyjnych dotyczących zrównoważonego rozwoju współczesnych społeczeństw znajdują się m.in. problemy świadomościowe, które są kluczowe dla zrozumienia tego, jakim dobrem jest dla ludzkości przyroda. Stąd też w dyskusjach dotyczących dalszego rozwoju cywilizacyjnego często nawiązuje się do kwestii budowy świadomości ekologicznej, dzięki której idea zrównoważonego rozwoju ma szansę na realizację. Działania edukacyjne odgrywają w jej kształtowaniu istotną rolę. Bez odpowiednio ukształtowanej świadomości ekologicznej w sytuacji konfliktu interesu dochodzi bowiem raczej do realizacji interesów doraźnych, co kłóci się z ideą zrównoważonego rozwoju i przyczynia do pogłębiania się kryzysu ekologicznego. Refleksja teoretyczna musi być więc ściśle powiązana z działaniami o charakterze praktycznym, w tym edukacyjnym. Budowa określonego systemu wartości i norm winna wiązać się z jego przeniknięciem do sfery świadomości społecznej, gdyż dopiero wtedy będą mogły być kształtowane właściwe stosunki między człowiekiem, społeczeństwem a przyrodą.
EN
The article offers a comprehensive understanding of the contemporary ecological crisis from a scientific, moral and theological perspective. The physical dimension of the crisis is evident in the host of authoritative war¬nings from the scientific community in recent years. The crisis is also ethical for the fact that its disproportionate victims are the poor communities who have contributed least to causing the problem in the first place. At a still deeper level, the ecological crisis is also a profoundly spiritual crisis, as it results primarily from our inability to look at the physical world as God’s creation, the primordial revelation of divine goodness and glory. The author skilfully weaves together the physical, moral, and religious dimensions of the problem into a unitary whole, and argues that it is only a holistic view of the crisis that can awaken us to the true magnitude of the unprecedented challenge facing our common home
EN
In this article we have attempted to answer the question of the possibilities of integrating the principles of eco-development with Catholic social teaching. We have done so on the basis of the works of a German moral theologian M. Vogt. The integration of the principles of eco-development with the Catholic social teaching may take place in a dialogue between the theology of creation together with its implications and the knowledge of nature. Considering the issue from the socio-ethical perspective it is vital to work out a new social agreement, which would take into account justified, although unspecified, claims of future generations. The integration of the principles of eco-development with Catholic social teaching is by no means impossible, although Vogt warns against treating the concept of eco-development as a superior issue - it is not a solution itself, but rather a key to the solution of contemporary problems at an intersection of three dimensions: social, economic and ecological. The proposed principle of eco-development shall become autonomous not in isolation to the traditional principles of Catholic social teaching, but in relation to them. The novelty of this principle is more about a new perspective, where man has to learn to see himself as part of creation as a whole. The principle also calls for a new way of thinking, which is the transition from a linear to a network way of thinking.
EN
In this article the authors look at the topic of the crisis of Western civilisation in the context of the ecological crisis. In the opinion of a Polish ecophilosopher, the latter is a symptom of the failure of a scientific-technological civilization, which Skolimowski often contemptuously calls plastic. In the first part, the authors present Skolimowski's diagnosis of Western civilisation, in the second part they describe the postulate of a new ecological civilization. The Polish ecophilosopher is aware of the fact that this requires a new look at philosophy itself, a new science, new ethics, a new education and even a new ecological spirituality. The recurring adjective 'new' points on the one hand to the necessity of breaking with current philosophical tradition and on the other – to opening up to and looking for inspiration in present existential dimensions; this referring mainly to broadly understood spirituality. In the last part of the article the authors take a critical look at H. Skolimowski's civilizational project, at the same time holding in great regard his work and his engagement in relation to environmental protection.
PL
Pedagogiczna aksjologia w refleksji proekologicznej zawiera się w licznych encyklikach, adhortacjach i orędziach Jana Pawła II pod nazwą „Ecologia humana” - „prawdziwa ekologia człowieka” i staje się jednym wielkim apelem do ludzkości o zwycięstwo cywilizacji życia i miłości nad cywilizacją śmierci. Ochrona życia winna być ważnym powołaniem człowieka. Ochrona środowiska skupia się na odpowiedzialności człowieka za zdrowie i życie oraz na postawie proekologicznej wobec środowiska, ochronie przyszłych pokoleń przed skutkami zanieczyszczeń środowiska, ochronie środowiska życia człowieka poprzez ochronę nade wszystko rodziny.
EN
Pedagogical axiology in pro-ecological reflection is included in numerous encyclicals, apostolic exhortations and addresses of John Paul II known as „Ecologia humana” - “real ecology of man” becoming one big appeal to the humankind for the victory of civilization of life and love over civilization of death. Protection of life should be an important vocation of man. Saving the environment centers on man’s responsibility for their health and life as well as pro-ecological attitude towards nature. It is also protection of future generations against the effects of environmental pollution and conservation of man’s habitat especially through protection of family.
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EN
Laudato Si’, Pope Francis’ recent encyclical on care for our common home, invites humanity to cultivate “ecological virtues” in order to become more responsible stewards of our imperilled common home. According to the Pope, the formation of healthy habitus for the stewardship of Earth can be achieved only through the cultivation of appropriate ecological virtues. It may be recalled that there is a growing awareness of the importance of the role of ecological virtues in environmental ethics today. In this paper we shall reflect on seven ecological virtues: praise, gratitude, care, justice, work, sobriety, and humility. They do not receive a separate treatment in Laudato Si’, but are mentioned throughout the encyclical. They are like signposts that indicate the road that we need to travel in caring for our common planetary home.
EN
Ecological issues have been present in the official social teaching of the Catholic Church for many years. It was in particular Pope Francis’ encyclical Laudato si’, devoted to environmental issues, that brought forth a huge response worldwide. The primary aim of this study is to search for answers to the following questions: What is the attitude of Polish Catholicism to the social teaching of the Catholic Church with regard to ecology? What is the extent of the awareness of the ecological crisis? What causes are indicated and what proposals for change are formulated? Are representatives of contemporary Polish Catholicism unanimous in their statements referring to ecology or can significant differences between them be indicated? The analysis was conducted on statements made by representatives of contemporary Polish Catholicism and found in documents of the institutional Church and in official public utterances. An important subject of research was also the analysis of publications referring to ecological issues in influential Catholic magazines, i.e. Niedziela, Gość Niedzielny Przewodnik Katolicki, Tygodnik Powszechny and Więź i Znak. Based on the statements analysed, it can be concluded that ecological issues are treated with great attention. The majority of the opinions published agree that ecological threats are extremely important and require a reaction; however, there are still some representatives of Polish Catholicism that approach these issues with some reservations and a great deal of caution, especially with regard to statements and actions instigated by eco-activists. Some differences can also be seen in the context of the main causes of the environmental crisis and the choice of methods and tools for changing the situation as indicated in the statements. When reporting on the social teaching of the Catholic Church concerning ecological issues, other components of this teaching are often emphasized and given various interpretations. These differences are visible both in the context of statements made by representatives of the institutional Church and in the comments and opinions published in the above-mentioned magazines.
EN
The paper examines how contemporary ecological crisis and imbalanced social development are approached in the light of the Bahá’í Faith. Deriving their principal tenets from the paradigm of unity and at the same time disjunction from nature, the Baha’is suggest interesting solution to a range of problems, emphasizing spiritually anchored instruments that they employ. Humility with respect to the environment is an important element in the Baha’i doctrine, which is justified on religious grounds. Furthermore, the author underscores the responsibility of members of the community of the faithful for the entirety of social development, as well as outlines the achievements and proposals – objectives already attained and intended – relating to the mitigation of negative outcomes of the crisis and, ultimately, their utter elimination. Finally, the author enumerates specific forms of collaboration between members of the Faith and organizations as well as governments, undertaken in order to further sustainable development on a global and local scale. 
PL
The chief aim of this paper is to outline the concept of sustainable development which is integrated into the doctrine of a relatively novel world religion known as the Bahá’í Faith. The study focuses on the description of causes behind the crisis and potential solutions as they are seen by the Baha’is, by means of analysis of their Sacred Writings and more profound insights into the doctrine, in particular where it concerns ecology and social-economic development.  
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EN
Recently, relation between human being and nature is mainly that environmental resources are gained by people to assurance themselves worthy living conditions. People’s actions are often not very well motivated, leading to serious consequences such as degradation of environmental components. The way of making use of biosphere components are undoubtedly depend on degree of ecological awareness and on people’s responsibility for environment. A creation of pro-ecological attitudes is one of main goals of ecological education. This article shows the ways of understanding ecological education, the areas of its interest, its essence, and the most important trends and values in the contemporary world.
EN
The authors in this article treat the problem of the relation of the Judaeo-Christian tradition and the environmental crisis. It returns to the arguments of Lynn White and analyses them in detail, in order to show that an unproblematic acceptance or refusal of White’s attitude does not reflect the complexity of this relation. At the same time, the article fills the gap in Czech reflection of environmental thought by acquainting the reader with the conception of the philosopher Max Oelschlaeger, who allows us to see White’s arguments in a new light and puts paid to what the authors call “White’s Myth”.
DE
Die Autoren befassen sich im vorliegenden Artikel mit dem Problem der Beziehung von jüdisch-christlicher Tradition und environmentaler Krise. Sie greifen dabei auf die Argumente von Lynn White zurück, die detailliert analysiert werden, um nachzuweisen, dass eine bloße Übernahme oder Ablehnung der Ansichten Whites der Komplexität dieser Beziehung nicht gerecht wird. Der Artikel füllt auch die Lücke in der tschechischen Reflexion des environmentalen Denkens, indem der Leser mit dem Konzept des Philosophen Max Oelschlaeger vertraut gemacht wird, das Whites Argumente in einem neuen Licht erscheinen lässt und den von den Autoren so bezeichneten „White-Mythos“ zerstört.
PL
Wraz z rosnącym zainteresowaniem rozwojem przyjaznych dla środowiska rozwiązań  problemów świata, włącznie z pogarszaniem się stanu globalnego środowiska i wahających się ekonomicznych warunków, zapotrzebowanie na metody przewidywania skutków decyzji politycznych staje się coraz bardziej pilne. Ten artykuł analizuje możliwy wpływ rozwoju ekonomicznego na jakość środowiska. Ostrzegamy, że bez znaczących redukcji w przerobie w konkretnym czasie, możemy oczekiwać pokaźnego spadku w głównych działach w produkcji jedzenia, zużycia energii i produkcji przemysłowej. Model przedstawiony w tym artykule powinien ostrzegać podejmujących decyzje o nadchodzącym problemie nagłych ekonomicznych wzrostów na świecie, gdzie zasoby zaczynają być wyeksploatowane.
EN
With growing interest in the development of environmentally friendly solutions to the world's problems, including the deterioration of the global environment and fluctuating economic conditions, the need for methods to predict the effects of political decisions becomes more urgent. This article examines the possible impact of economic development on environmental quality. Be warned that without significant reductions in throughput at any given time, we can expect a substantial drop in the main divisions of food, energy and industrial production. The model presented in this article should alert decision-makers to the looming problem of economic spikes in a world where resources are beginning to run out.
EN
Catholic Church expresses opinions about social, political, economic and ecological issues. It is so because these are the issues in which a human being is involved as an intelligent and free being, a subject of rights and obligations. Magisterium Ecclesiae considers natural environment degradation problems from the theological and ethical point of view. The Church emphasizes that the ecological crisis cannot be seen only in economic and political dimensions, because it also contains moral life aspects. To exhibit ecological perspective in the modern teaching of Magisterium the following accents has been presented. The first one considers comprehending creation from the theological point of view. This view is a base for pro-ecological teaching of the Church. The second accent shows the main signs of the ecological crisis. The third one leans on the main reasons of the crisis. The last one in turn contains conclusions and proposals.
PL
Jeżeli Kościół wypowiada się na tematy społeczno-polityczne i gospodarczo-ekologiczne, to tylko z tego powodu, że w tych kręgach działalności główną rolę odgrywa człowiek będący najdoskonalszym stworzeniem. Jest on bowiem istotą rozumną i wolną. Jest tym, co słusznie nazywamy podmiotem praw i obowiązków. Magisterium Ecclesiae problemy degradacji środowiska naturalnego rozpatruje z teologiczno-etycznego punktu widzenia. Zagadnienie istoty i zakresu kryzysu ekologicznego bywa najczęściej sprowadzane do wymiarów czysto ekonomicznych i niekiedy dodatkowo także do płaszczyzny politycznej. Tymczasem zagadnienie to ma o wiele większy zakres, a mianowicie charakteryzuje go odniesienie do natury moralnej. W celu przedstawienia ekologicznej perspektywy we współczesnym nauczaniu Magisterium uwzględnione zostały następujące zagadnienia. Pierwsze z nich podejmuje próbę teologicznego odczytania stworzenia, które jest podstawą proekologicznego nauczania Kościoła. Na drugim miejscu ukazane są główne przejawy wspomnianego kryzysu. Część trzecia poświęcona jest najważniejszym przyczynom powstałego kryzysu w zakresie ochrony naturalnego środowiska człowieka. Całość artykułu zamykają stosowne wnioski i postulaty.
EN
The article concerns the relationship between the contemporary ecological crisis and Christian spirituality according to the Pope’s Francis encyclical Laudato si’. It presents the concept of God as the Creator and at the same time caring Host­‑Tutor of the world. Then it is indicated that Pope Francis sees beings created as co­‑constructors and co­‑inhabitants of this world. The third thematic area concerns depicted in Laudato si’ causes of the current ecological crisis. These data are the basis for the presentation of the positive potential of Christian spirituality, even its necessity to successfully confront the ecological crisis.
EN
The article concerns, according to the Pope’s Francis encyclical letter Laudato si’, the relations between the Christian spirituality and the ecological crisis. It presents the concept of God as the Creator and at the same time the caring Host-Tutor of the world. The second thematic area concerns the indicated in the encyclical letter Laudato si’ causes of the contemporary ecological crisis. These data are the basis for the presentation of the positive potential of Christian spirituality, even its necessity to successfully confront the ecological crisis.
PL
Opracowanie prezentuje związki między kryzysem ekologicznym a duchowością chrześcijańską w ujęciu encykliki Laudato si’ papieża Franciszka. Zwrócono uwagę na przedstawioną w tym dokumencie koncepcję Boga jako Stwórcy oraz zarazem troskliwego Gospodarza i Opiekuna doczesnego świata. Podjęto kwestię zidentyfikowanych w Laudato si’ przyczyn obecnego kryzysu ekologicznego. Dane te stanowią podstawę dla prezentacji przesłania o pozytywnym potencjale właściwym duchowości chrześcijańskiej, wręcz o jej niezbędności, by skutecznie stawić czoło kryzysowi ekologicznemu.
EN
The purpose of the study was an investigation on a content of the core curriculum in Poland, for kindergarten children (aged 3–6) and primary school students (aged 7–18), in reference to educational demands, created by the global ecological crisis. As a source of these demands, IPCC Assessments Reports on Climate Change and UN over-arching strategies for sustainability and environmental education were used, as well as the European Union green policies’ package (The European Green Deal). Poland, as a member of the EU and a party of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, is obliged to promote and implement “green” policies, through incorporation of them into national legislation and the state system of education. The analysis revealed in Polish core curriculum lack of content, connected with the global ecological crisis and climate change, as well as with strategies of combating them. This result shows a dramatic content gap in environmental education of Polish students, regardless the fact that ecology is a fundament of global and European developmental strategies. The responsibility for this situation is beard on decision makers for a state educational policy; in a context of Polish law, this is the Ministry of Education and the Minister for Education himself.
EN
The point of departure for the reflections in this article was the premise that the ecological crisis is the result not only of the degradation of nature, but also comes from the destruction of that environment, which is the spirituality of modern man. the point is that the more and more intensive use of the biosphere causes many unfavorable chemical and biological changes in the natural environment, which not only have their source in the way of thought and acting of man, but also have their effects on these. Because of this, the author comes to the conclusions that among the fundamental tasks that are before the world of today, one must also include the equiping of man with an ecological knowledge (that is: with a determined set of information connected in a causal-consecutive system on the subject of the functioning of the natural environment and the dependences between it and civilization), but above all: with a system of values and their normative equivalents. Only in such a manner can people be instilled with an adequate attitude, understood as a developed feeling of a link with the world of nature and its parts. We speak here of the readiness for its defense, manifested in concrete actions. Thus , an essential role of such a scientific discipline as environmental ethics shall be giving people the proper catalog of values and norms, which could properly form their motivations, attitudes and behavior as regards the natural environment, which at the end we call the relation of man to himself.
EN
In the era of global ecological crisis responsibility for the state of the biosphere (ecological responsibility) stands as one of the most important areas of human responsibility. It is impossible to analyze the phenomenon of environmental responsibility in isolation from the phenomenon of responsibility at all (in general) and its ontic conditions. The carried out analysis of the selected ontic conditions of taking responsibility demonstrates the conditions for taking ecological responsibility. This analysis allows to explain i.a. the close relationship between incurring ecological responsibility at the local and global levels. Ecological responsibility is always carried out at the local level but it has both local and global meaning due to the effects of complying or non-complying with ecological responsibility. These effects should be borne in mind in the process of making decisions about education, politics, or economy in such a way that that they do not increase the existing ecological risk.
PL
W sytuacji globalnego kryzysu ekologicznego odpowiedzialność za stan biosfery (odpowiedzialność ekologiczna) jawi się jako jeden z najważniejszych obszarów ludzkiej odpowiedzialności. Nie sposób analizować fenomenu odpowiedzialności ekologicznej w oderwaniu od fenomenu odpowiedzialności w ogóle (w sensie ogólnym) i jej ontycznych uwarunkowań. Przeprowadzona analiza wybranych ontycznych warunków ponoszenia odpowiedzialności ukazuje warunki ponoszenia odpowiedzialności ekologicznej. Prowadzi ona m.in. do wyjaśnienia ścisłego związku pomiędzy ponoszeniem odpowiedzialności ekologicznej w wymiarze lokalnym i globalnym. Odpowiedzialność ekologiczna realizowana jest zawsze w wymiarze lokalnym. Ma przy tym i lokalne, i globalne znaczenie ze względu na skutki wywiązywania się lub niewywiązywania się z odpowiedzialności ekologicznej. Skutki te należy mieć na względzie w procesie podejmowania decyzji dotyczących edukacji, polityki, gospodarki czy ekonomii, tak by niosły one ze sobą jak najmniejsze ryzyko ekologiczne.
PL
Przed dłuższy czas temat stworzenia był zaniedbywany w debacie teologicznej. Dopiero około 35 lat temu, w czasie pojawienia się tzw. kryzysu ekologicznego stworzenie zaczyna pojawiać się w centrum zainteresowań teologicznych. Niektórzy autorzy próbowali zarzucić chrześcijaństwu, że to teologia stworzenia odpowiedzialna jest za kryzys środowiska naturalnego. Ze względu na ten zarzut nauka o stworzeniu musiała zajęć stanowisko w sprawie ekologii.Na ile Ziemia i jej mieszkańcy mają jakąś przyszłość, zależy przecież nie od początków Kosmosu, ale od naszego obecnego postępowania i nastawienia. Dlatego dialog między naukami przyrodniczymi a teologię wszedł w tzw. „trzecią fazę” ich relacji: fazę koniecznej wspólnoty w kryzysie ekologicznym. Dialog teologii i nauk przyrodniczych musi mieć charakter ekologiczny, gdyż w końcu chodzi o wspólną przyszłość tego świata, w którym nauki przyrodnicze i technika należę do Bożego stworzenia.
EN
The subject of creation was neglected in theological debate for a long time. Only about 35 years ago, when the so-called ecological crisis manifested itself, creation began to appear in the center of theological interest. Some authors tried to accuse Christianity that the theology of creation is responsible for the crisis of the natural environment. Because of this accusation, the science of creation had to take a stand on the issue of ecology. The future of the Earth and its inhabitants depends not on the beginnings of the Universe, but on our present-day actions and attitudes. So, the dialog between natural sciences and theology entered the so-called „third phase” of their relation: the phase of necessary collaboration in the ecological crisis, the dialog between theology and natural sciences must have an ecological character, for at stake is the common future of this world, in which natural sciences and technology are part of God’s creation.
PL
Rozwój zrównoważony to koncepcja, która znajduje obecnie zastosowanie w wielu dziedzinach gospodarki. Jej wdrażanie ma jednak swoich zwolenników, jak i konstruktywnych przeciwników. Ze względu na przewagę literatury odnoszącej się do idei zrównoważonego rozwoju w sposób pozytywny, celem pracy było przedstawienie uwag krytycznych formułowanych wobec tej koncepcji. Artykuł ma więc charakter przeglądowy i opiera się na analizie literatury polsko- i anglojęzycznej. Do najważniejszych zarzutów formułowanych wobec idei rozwoju zrównoważonego zaliczyć należy: wewnętrznie sprzeczną, zbyt ogólną i niejasną definicję rozwoju zrównoważonego; nadużywanie pojęcia rozwój zrównoważony, co doprowadziło do dewaluacji tego terminu; a także brak efektów wdrażania rozwoju zrównoważonego i pogłębianie się problemów, które miał on rozwiązać. W celu przełamania impasu na forum ONZ, konieczne jest sformułowanie wymiernych wytycznych i podjęcie konkretnych działań, a także znaczne środki finansowe.
EN
The concept of sustainable development is now being used in many areas of the economy. Its implementation, however, has its supporters and constructive opponents. Because most authors have a positive attitude towards sustainable development, the aim of the study is to present critical views regarding this concept. The article is based on The analysis of Polish and English literature. The most important critical opinions formulated against the idea of sustainable development include: contradictory, too general and vague definition of sustainable development; abuse of the concept of sustainable development, which has led to the devaluation of the term; and the lack of effects of the implementation of sustainable development and the ever deepening of the problems it was supposed to solve. In order to break the United Nations deadlock, it is necessary to formulate measurable guidelines and to take concrete actions, which require significant financial resources.
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