Search results

1

Uwarunkowania i priorytety rozwoju pokryzysowej Unii Europejskiej

100%

Czarczyńska A.

Management and Business Administration. Central Europe

|

2013

|

vol. 21

|

issue 2(121)

155-169

XX

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to show the conditions of the EU against the realities of the global economy in the post-crisis era, an indication of which are the determinants of the development of the competitive advantage of the Community. Methodology: An analysis of the determinants of growth at different stages of the process of EU integration with particular emphasis on optimum currency area criteria for the euro zone crisis, under asymmetric demand shock. Findings: The last global crisis has highlighted the structural weaknesses of the EU, which in times of economic prosperity can be compensated by a system of transfers and the mechanism of credibility borrowing. With such a strong crisis Europe needs more growth. Research limitations: The costs of this crisis affect the Community, significant for both public finances and the standard of life, but are also visible on a global scale, which is difficult to estimate. Originality: An ex ante perspective on the determinants that will not only restore EU’s position in the world, but also did not miss an opportunity to play a significant role in the rapidly changing global economy, the twenty first century.

2

Selected Measures of Welfare in the Contemporary World Economy and the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Strategy in the European Union

100%

Czech K., Czech M.

Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia

|

2012

|

vol. 10

|

issue 1

142-151

EN

The principle for an effective management of the national economy is to create long-term development strategy. Taking determined decisions increase the chance of future growth. A necessary condition for an effective change, however, is basing them on sound and well-chosen premises. It is also essential, to continuously monitor progress and adjust actions if necessary. For this purpose, appropriate measures are required. The progressive process of environmental degradation, marginalization of national and ethnic groups, as well as the prospect of running out of energy resources, attracted greater attention to sustainable development. Among the main objectives of the sustainable development strategy in the EU, beside economic welfare, isthe protection of the environment, as well as equity and social cohesion. These objectives are convergent with emerging measures of welfare, which in contrast to GDP also include other elements that determine the real welfare of people affected.

3

Economic Integration and Migrant Networks: The Case of Ukrainian Migrants in the Warsaw Agglomeration

100%

Maruszewski W., Kaczmarczyk P.

Central European Economic Journal

|

2020

|

vol. 7

|

issue 54

EN

In the past years, Poland has been not only a country of (mass) immigration but also a country where foreigners have begun to play a much larger role in the domestic labour market than ever before. This makes the analyses of foreigners’ integration increasingly important both to understand the situation of immigrants in Poland and their impact on the national economy and social processes. In this context, this article aims to quantify one of the dimensions of the economic integration of immigrants. We look at the level of earnings as one of the indicators of their integration process. Additionally, we refer to the impact of social capital (in the form of migrant networks) on the economic situation of immigrants. We focus on immigrants from Ukraine-the most numerous group of foreigners in Poland. Based on a unique data set, we empirically identify the key dimensions that have an impact on their incomes, including gender, employment sector and legal status. We also point to the statistically significant effects of migrant networks on migrants’ earnings.

4

Umowa o Partnerstwie Handlowo-Inwestycyjnym między Stanami Zjednoczonymi i Unią Europejską jako narzędzie międzynarodowej współpracy gospodarczej

100%

Czarny E., Menkes J., Śledziewska K.

International Business and Global Economy

|

2014

|

vol. Volume 33

199–213

EN

In the paper we analyze the Trade and Investment Partnership between the United States and the European Union indicating its specific character. It comes with the parties’ particular characteristics (i.a. one party to a contract, the EU, is a collective entity).Weexamine both parties to the agreement and their position in the international trade in goods and services. The point of reference is global economy and BRIC countries (Brazil, Russia, India, and China). We also examine the EU and the USA trade relations. The examination covers the years 1995–2012.Weprove that the unification allows both the EU and the USA to take advantage of their significant role in the world trade to increase their impact on the global economic order. EU-US free trade and the agreement conclusion shall allow to intensify trade in services, and FDI flow shall allow to increase the advantage over BRIC countries (primarily China) and to make their economies independent from the instability of the emerging markets.

5

Idea federacji politycznej w praktyce integracji państw Afryki Wschodniej

100%

Garlińska-Bielawska J.

International Business and Global Economy

|

2014

|

vol. Volume 33

238–248

EN

The idea of political federation in East African region has a long history. It was particularly popular during the early post-colonial era, when Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda were searching for possibilities of federation. Instead, a regional integration organism was formed, called the East African Community (EAC), which operated between 1967 and 1977. A renewal of federalist ideas in the region could be observed since 2001, when the EAC became active again. The paper presents the idea of a political federation and analyses the attempts of its implementation by East African countries. A descriptive analysis performed from a historical perspective led to the conclusion that despite the time span and many economic and political changes a practical implementation of federalist ideas in East African Countries remains very difficult, especially by the initial date, set in the year 2015. Therefore, a question arises about the sense and real possibilities of achieving such a serious integration target in the reality of underdeveloped African countries.

6

Nationality of Poland's Exports

100%

Czarny E., Śledziewska K.

Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology

|

2017

|

vol. 8

|

issue 16

87-108

EN

ln this paper, we analyse the materiał structure of Polands exports of goods to the European Union and to the United States. In a general presentation of Polish exports, we aggregate all other trade partners than the EU and the U.S. to the 'Rest of the World' (RoW). We use descriptive statistics to check whatgoods are subject to export from Poland. We analyse data on various levels of aggregation. We prove that Polish exports aggregated to the CN sections and HS2 product groups to both destinations seem to be of higher technological advancement than export disaggregated to the HS6 product classification. On the higher level of aggregation, the material structure of Polands exports to the EU and the U.S. look more similar than those analysed on the more disaggregated level. We look at the material structures of exports to both partners from the point of view of the producers as well. We study Poland's exports of goods to the EU and the U.S. based on the HS6 classification and analyse the leading producers of the most important goods in sales to both partners. We show that most of them are affiliates of the foreign companies.

7

Ocena poziomu rozwoju gospodarczego i powiązań z zagranicą krajów na przykładzie członków NAFTA

100%

Kowalik P.

Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics

|

2015

|

issue 2 (48)

EN

Numerous economic indicators are used for the purpose of research and international comparisons. Most important are Gross Domestic Product (GDP), national income, unemployment rate, inflation rate, foreign trade’s and investments’ share in GDP. Other measures, which are based on GDP, may be used for the economic growth assessment. These are for example economy internationalization, activity level, openness and dependence and international competitiveness. The aim of this paper is to assess the level of economic development and foreign relations of the countries forming the economic group of NAFTA. After a brief introduction to the subject, the manner of calculating the indicators that are used for such an assessment more rarely is described. Then the indicators calculated for the current NAFTA member states are analysed.

8

20 years of NAFTA – trends in trade and the economic effects

100%

Kowalik P.

Ekonomia XXI Wieku

|

2014

|

issue 4(4)

46-63

EN

This year marks the twentieth anniversary of the largest economic grouping in history, both in terms of surface area and the generated GDP – the North American Free Trade Agreement – NAFTA. The grouping was established on 1 January 1994, with the objective of gradually doing away with the existing tariff and non-tariff barriers to trade between the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Its objectives and effects have long been under careful examination and subject to many analyses. Prognoses varied, from potentially significant benefits to anticipated losses, particularly for US economy. The paper is an attempt at presenting the twenty years of NAFTA operation, predominantly from the viewpoint of its impact on the trilateral trade exchange, unemployment, inflation, and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of its member states. The analyses suggest that NAFTA has proved its effectiveness in generating trade revenues for all its members, most notably for Mexico. However, its effects on individual income and employment were found to be marginal or, at best, moderate.

9

The Influence of Structural Funds of the European Union on the Regional Development in 2004–2006 in the Lubuskie Voivodship

100%

Ślusarz B., Uniwersytet Zielonogórski; Wydział Ekonomii i Zarządzania; Zakład Zarządzania Administracją Publiczną

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica

|

2010

|

vol. 241

EN

The six founders of the European Economic Community, later the European Union, did not differ substantially in terms of an economic level. Therefore the issue of policy and the problems connected with a regional development started to be discussed along with the development of the economic integration and the enlargement of Communities with another countries, which were much different economically from the founders. The European Regional Development Fund (ERDF ) was established at the Copenhagen summit in 1975 and the resources were distributed into member states. The subsequent enlargement of the Community in 1986 with Spain and Portugal contributed to signing the Single European Act (SEA), which created the basis for a new structural policy and its reform in 1988, and the binding rules were additionally enlarged in the European Union Treaty from Maastricht. The EU Treaty signed on 07.02.1992 in Maastricht in the Netherlands established the European Union and came into force on 01.11.1993. Poland, after entering the European Union on 01.05.2004, taking into consideration the experience from the absorption of the pre-accession funds for ten years, i.e. since 1994, since the first days after the accession used well the EU resources and the Lubuskie Voivodship led the way within this range in Poland. Therefore the regional development was supported by the structural funds orientated first of all to infrastructure and the protection of natural environment. The assistance programme of the European Union for the countries of Central and Eastern Europe – Phare had its edition since 1994 in the Lubuskie Voivodship as Phare Cross Border Cooperation CBC – the Programme of Poland – Germany Cross Border Cooperation was mainly used for the implementation of investment projects on the Polish-German borderland. This experience was implemented in the effective use of the support within the Integrated Operational Programme of Regional Development in 2004–2006. Over 80 million euros granted for the Lubuskie Voivodship were orientated mainly to road, council and social infrastructure and the cross border cooperation was financed by the Community Initiative Interreg III A, whose objective was to support the integrated and sustainable development in the economic, social and cultural area on the Polish-German borderland.

10

Participation of the Kyrgyz Republic in Integration Processes: Realities and Prospects

88%

Sabyrovna Attokurova N., Kopcewicz G., Olszanecka N., Urbański D., Piechowiak-Lamparska J., Bryc A., Bojarczyk B., Jorgensen F. A. E., Niedziołka D., Pacześniak A., Potorski R., Wincławska M., Włodkowska-Bagan A., Jeran A., Mol A., Solsbery A., Dąbrowska I., Głodkowski M., Kopcewicz G., Olszanecka N., Piechowiak-Lamparska J.

The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies

|

2012

|

issue 1 (1)

PL

Integration is a process of establishing mutual relations and cooperation between states, which can take various forms depending on the goals of those states. When the member states of the Commonwealth of Independent States were restructuring their economy, their priority was not integration, but gaining independence necessary for implementing radical economic, political and social reforms. The article presents the unique characteristics of the economic integration of the member states of the Commonwealth, and describes the reasons for a low effectiveness of integration processes in the region. The issue of integration is presented in detail on the example of the Kyrgyz Republic. The text discusses the problems of that state and their influence on the participation of Kyrgyz in the regional integration processes. Moreover, it shows the perspectives of Kyrgyz economy, which can prove beneficial to integration.Full text: http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/czasopismo/589/?idno=14761

11

The Socio-economic Impact of European Funds on Eastern European Countries

88%

Păun C.

International Review of Social Research

|

2014

|

vol. 4

|

issue 1

49-56

EN

European Funds are considered to be o reliable solution for emerging economies from Eastern Europe. These funds are granted by European Union to reduce the gap between countries and to ensure a harmonized development at the level of this group of countries that decided to act together as a united economic entity. In fact, European Funds are previously obtained from taxes applied to all European citizens and redistributed by European Institutions in accordance with predefined principles and rules. The redistributive effect is always present in such situation and has clear impact on economies that are net paying for these funds and on economies that are net benefiting from them. This paper presents the results of a quantitative analysis at the level of ten Eastern European Countries (EEC countries) on the social and economic impact of these funds based on panel regression methodology.

12

Wpływ akcesji krajów Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej do Unii Europejskiej na strukturę wymiany handlowej ugrupowania

88%

Pera B.

International Business and Global Economy

|

2014

|

vol. Volume 33

62–76

EN

The aim of this paper is to present the impact on the European Union’s trade structure arising from the Eastern enlargements. The effects of economic integration resulting from the participation of a certain country in the EU’s internal market were reviewed at the beginning. Afterward, the intra- and extra-EU trade structure by member state and product group with the CEE countries’ share in it in years 2004–2012 was analyzed. The group-average clustering was the method used to show the similarities in their share in the EU trade structure. Ten years after the Eastern enlargements the share of the CEE countries in the EU trade, both geographic and sectoral orientation of their trade flows, is rising, but still is rather low comparing to the EU-15. The main reason for this situation is their very large economic distance from the EU-15

13

Convergence of price dynamics assessed in view of Poland’s accession to the euro area focusing on deflation

88%

Błaszczyk P., Fojutowski Ł.

Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne

|

2018

|

issue 3

99-118

EN

The primary aim of this study was to assess the degree of Poland’s convergence in terms of price stability, both at the stage of the country’s candidacy to the euro area and in relation to the euro convergence criteria (the so-called Maastricht criteria), and in the broader context of the ECB’s unified monetary policy. The time frame for this study covers the period of 2004– 2017. The starting point marks Poland’s accession to the EU, which is a pre-requisite for application to access the euro area. The closing time was chosen due to the availability of data, mainly from the Eurostat database. This was studied in view of the critical analysis of methodology and the method used to establish the Maastricht criterion for the dynamics of the general price level. The methodology of determining the inflation criterion is flawed and not matched to today’s economic conditions, including the definition of price stability applied in the practice of central banking, as well as in the context of the phenomenon of deflation commonly occurring in the last decade. As a consequence, the value of the criterion for a candidate country may turn out to be very low, and may unjustifiably increase the costs of accession to the euro area, also in the long-term perspective. Such a problem should be taken into account in the discussion on Poland’s accession to the euro area, which is usually of a political, as well as social and economic nature. This economic aspect, however, should be key in practice.

14

Making Europe: Jak technologie utvářela Evropu?

88%

Rákosník J.

Střed. Časopis pro mezioborová studia Střední Evropy 19. a 20. století. / Centre. Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies of Central Europe in the 19th and 20th Centuries.

|

2020

|

vol. 12

|

issue 2

127-146

EN

This review article is concerned with a series of six books published by Palgrave Publishing House between 2013 and 2019 under the label Making Europe. The series provides new perspectives on the development of European integration based on the history of technology. The authors believe that obvious teleological narratives based on political history are no longer acceptable. They also reflect the prevalent periodisation of European integration history since 1945. Instead, they put forward the concept of the "long twentieth century" (1850-2000). They believe that from this point of view it is easier to demonstrate the long-standing continuities of European cooperation. This review article focuses especially on the theoretical and conceptual issues which appear in all volumes of the series.

15

Strategizing Integration in the Labor Market. Turkish Immigrants in Poland and the New Dimensions of South-to-North Migration

88%

Andrejuk K.

Polish Sociological Review

|

2019

|

vol. 206

|

issue 2

157-176

EN

The aim of this article is to examine the specific nature of the mobility patterns and labor market integration of the Turkish community in Poland, and to situate those phenomena in the broader context of migration from Turkey to northern Europe. Migration from Turkey to Poland is much newer than migration from Turkey to Western European states but has grown dynamically in the past decade. These migration flows are distinct from those inside the EU or from post-Soviet European countries such as Ukraine or Belarus to Poland. The article distinguishes three occupational trajectories that are typical for Turkish migrants in Poland. These paths are characterized by the various social environments in which they develop: the host society, the ethnic community, and the international (expat) community. Analysis reveals the great importance of co-ethnic networks, which play an even more crucial role because Turkish mobility to Poland is not supported by the state policies of either the sending or receiving country. The article refers to data from an original qualitative study (in-depth interviews) as well as to official statistical data from various sources

16

Polityka Wielkiej Brytanii wobec pierwszych powojennych inicjatyw integracyjnych Europy Zachodniej i USA

88%

Janiec Z.

Myśl Ekonomiczna i Polityczna

|

2010

|

issue 2(29)

93-152

EN

The article discusses the United Kingdom’s policy towards the first post-war integration initiatives of Western Europe and the United States. It was a special period in the history of the European integration. Then, for the first time in the history of Europe, there were real opportunities for practical implementation of at least some of the numerous integration ideas. The initiators and authors of projects to unite Europe were various political organizations of Western Europe and the government of the United States. The United Kingdom was a world superpower at that time and because of various reasons it had to take an ambivalent stand on the issue of Western European integration. On account of the specificity of its international interests, which are thoroughly analyzed by the author, this state could not actively participate in the European integration trend. However, it was not in the British interest to sabotage the integration undertakings of the continental part of Western Europe either. In such circumstances, the United Kingdom forced through a policy of close co-operation between Western European countries as an alternative to integration ideas. Until 1954 the British policy towards continental integration initiatives can be described as very effective. The United Kingdom skillfully managed to hold up the use of post-war American aid to Europe as a form of stimulus for Western European integration (European Recovery Program – Marshall Plan). As a result of its policy, an authentically European parliamentary assembly, aimed at initiating and stimulating European integration process through grass-roots social pressure on governments (Resolution of the Hague Congress), did not take place. The political and diplomatic successes determined the British assessment of prospects for the European integration and British possibilities to influence the process of Western European unification. They made British politicians incorrectly – as it turned out – believe that the United Kingdom could successfully halt attempts of supranational integration by forcing through an idea of co-operation of sovereign states. After a few years there were no doubts that the assessment had been wrong. In this case traditional attitude towards international politics did badly in comparison with new realities, i.e. an innovative integration trend.

17

State’s role and methods of impact on its economy in a transition period

88%

Kharshiladze G.

Myśl Ekonomiczna i Polityczna

|

2021

|

issue 1(71)

77-99

EN

The article discusses the transformation process and state’s economic role in the transition period. The article also deals with the main objectives and goals of state regulations, the peculiarities of countries’ socio-economic formation and procedures of institutional transformation. A government’s role in economic development is changing during the transition period. The main important issues that must be set are strictly centralised state regulations and forms that are completely new systems in economic management, which should be achieved through the elimination of a state’s domination over the economic system, strengthening a privatisation process and so on. It is true that the government’s dominating power should be eliminated but establishing a new marketing-institutional environment and market culture should be developed only under the state’s active legislative, coordinative and stimulating control. The theoretical basis of the article represents the researches of foreign scientists, economists and international organisation. The methodological basis of the article is based on economic analysis, comparison, and grouping methods. While preparing the article, modern experimental methods and model of macro-economic researches, as well as researches and statistical data, approaches and methodology of several international organisations were widely used.

18

The comparative analysis of the main indicators of the Baltic states economic development in the conditions of the European integration

88%

Tsaurkubule Z., Vishnevskaja A.

Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu

|

2017

|

issue 466

223-235

EN

The article examines the ways of three Baltic States development in the context of European integration. It considers some aspects of economy, especially the development and utilization of opportunities of the European market. It also estimates the prospects of foreign direct investment uses and the creation of the most favored environment for business development. It marks the difference in economic management principles, which enabled Estonia to lead the three Baltic countries, and Lithuania to rank second. Insufficient activity of Latvia in the development of those industries that are able to create a product with high added value is noted. The conclusion is drawn that, overall, the prospects for further development of the three Baltic countries are related to ensuring the high quality and productivity, ensuring competitiveness of production and productive transformation of the limited manpower resources.

19

Inicjatywy legislacyjne i polityczne w odniesieniu do funkcjonowania Unii Europejskiej

88%

Zombirt J.

Ekonomia XXI Wieku

|

2014

|

issue 1(1)

95-116

EN

During the debt crisis in Europe as well as during the global financial crisis it became clear that existing solutions on economic governance were highly unsatisfactory. After numerous measures having rather uncoordinated features and executed in an ad hoc manner, even in the particular member states, the EU has started to examine the framework of an economic governance in Europe. The intention of this text is to present, in the chronological order, measures having been adopted in the last three – four years. We start with a description of so called Sixpact consisting of five regulations and one directive. These legal acts aim to strengthen discipline concerning fiscal policies not only in the eurozone but also in all the remaining member states of the EU. They also cover measures on counteracting excessive macroeconomic imbalances. European semester constitutes a very important part of the Sixpact that should foster the co-ordination of the economic governance in the EU. Next, a Treaty on Stability, Co-ordination and Economic Governance has been detailed. It has been indicated that TSCG will not be binding (similarly as the Euro Plus Pact) for all the member states. Finally, the newest European project, so called Twopack, has been described. Twopack significantly interferes into procedures of forming national budgets in the eurozone member states. The article does not provide for the European Stability Mechanism because its description would largely surpass the allowed length of the text.

20

Towards a Single European Economy: Current Problems and Long Term Solutions

88%

Allen I.

|

2015

|

vol. 6

|

issue 17

49-64

EN

This paper is compiled with the objective of critically analysing whether the European Union can be classified as an integrated economy, focusing on the level of economic convergence. Against this backdrop, the current level of economic integration is assessed taking into account empirical research performed by other scholars and economic indicators shown by member states over the years 2004-2014. Results indicate that the European Union is a heterogeneous block of economic clusters with varying degrees of economic health, trends and capabilities. The heterogeneities hinder implementation of policy, which in turn prevents further integration. A “three-fold” solution for achieving a higher level of economic integration is discussed, which incorporates (i) differential treatment of member states depending on prevailing economic conditions, (ii) the establishment of a European Economic Government, and (iii) the introduction of parallel currency regimes in Eurozone countries with ailing economic health.

Refine search results

Uwarunkowania i priorytety rozwoju pokryzysowej Unii Europejskiej

Selected Measures of Welfare in the Contemporary World Economy and the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Strategy in the European Union

Economic Integration and Migrant Networks: The Case of Ukrainian Migrants in the Warsaw Agglomeration

Umowa o Partnerstwie Handlowo-Inwestycyjnym między Stanami Zjednoczonymi i Unią Europejską jako narzędzie międzynarodowej współpracy gospodarczej

Idea federacji politycznej w praktyce integracji państw Afryki Wschodniej

Nationality of Poland's Exports

Ocena poziomu rozwoju gospodarczego i powiązań z zagranicą krajów na przykładzie członków NAFTA

20 years of NAFTA – trends in trade and the economic effects

The Influence of Structural Funds of the European Union on the Regional Development in 2004–2006 in the Lubuskie Voivodship

Participation of the Kyrgyz Republic in Integration Processes: Realities and Prospects

The Socio-economic Impact of European Funds on Eastern European Countries

Wpływ akcesji krajów Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej do Unii Europejskiej na strukturę wymiany handlowej ugrupowania

Convergence of price dynamics assessed in view of Poland’s accession to the euro area focusing on deflation

Making Europe: Jak technologie utvářela Evropu?

Strategizing Integration in the Labor Market. Turkish Immigrants in Poland and the New Dimensions of South-to-North Migration

Polityka Wielkiej Brytanii wobec pierwszych powojennych inicjatyw integracyjnych Europy Zachodniej i USA

State’s role and methods of impact on its economy in a transition period