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Historická imaginace a historický román pozdního osvícenství

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Smyčka V.
Česká literatura (Czech Literature)
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2016
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vol. 64
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issue 5
641-667
EN
This study focuses on the beginnings of historical prose and its share in the emergence of modern historical thought. It surveys the origins of historicism as a distinctive approach towards the past, which experienced its heyday in the 19th century and which to this day still exercises some influence on our historical thinking. Whereas the first part of this exposition focuses on charting the output and transfer of new narrative techniques, the second part focuses on the internal operation of these texts and the implications arising out of the rhetoric involved for the reader. Hence the exposition surveys both questions regarding the cultural transfer of the emerging vernacular literature at the end of the 18th century and with the help of media theorists such as Friedrich Kittler it seeks answers to media theory issues surrounding the representation of the past.
CS
Studie se zabývá počátky historické prózy a jejím podílem na vzniku moderního historického myšlení. Sleduje genezi historismu jako svébytného vztahu k minulosti, který zažil svůj největší rozvoj v 19. století a který zčásti ovlivňuje dosud naše historické myšlení. Zatímco v první části se výklad soustředí na zmapování produkce a transferu nových vyprávěcích technik, v druhé části se zaměřuje na vnitřní fungování těchto textů a implikace vyplývající z jejich rétoriky pro čtenáře. Výklad tak sleduje jednak otázky kulturního transferu rodící se vernakulární literatury konce 18. století, jednak s pomocí teoretiků médií, jako je Friedrich Kittler, hledá odpovědi na mediálně teoretické problémy reprezentace minulosti.
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Literárně inscenované svědectví: k emancipačním strategiím v Hrabalově novele Jarmilka =

100%
Češka J.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2014
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vol. 75
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issue 2
99-126
EN
This article deals with literary testimony as an author’s response to previous objectivation. We can observe objectivation in its delimited form through the act of arrest, as there is a sudden transformation of the subject into the object during this act. Inverse movement occurs in narrative where, through literary means, the narrator is staged as the center of meaning proliferation. Each of the two directions (objectivation and subjectivation) reveals a narrative position (the subject’s deprivation or, conversely, his emancipation), and in these, an inherent asymmetry between the subject and object of the narrative is present. That is, the other side of the emancipating gesture is objectivation. The narrator makes the characters into peripheral beings. This asymmetric situation is analogous to the relationship between the author and the reader. We specify this thesis in the interpretation of Hrabal’s early autobiographical novella Jarmilka. In this prose, Hrabal incorporates seemingly realistic elements, which are persuasive in spite of the fact that reality was the exact opposite of Hrabal’s description of it. Authenticity in literary testimony is thus aroused not by the depiction of reality, but rather, by specific literary devices.
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