Search results

1

Effect of psychology consultation on subsequent general practitioner doctor consultations

100%

Ricou M., Marina S., Canário C., Soares R., Duarte I.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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2019

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vol. 50

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issue 3

2

ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF PRIMRY SCHOOLS IN INOWROCŁAW BOROUGH AND IN NEIGHBOURING BOROUGHS SINCE 2010

86%

Miązek J.

Roczniki Ekonomiczne Kujawsko-Pomorskiej Szkoły Wyższej w Bydgoszczy

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2018

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issue (11)

403-412

EN

The purpose of this article is to present economic determinants of the functioning of primary schools in Inowrocław borough as well as its neighbouring boroughs since 2010. The aspect of functioning of schools as budgetary units based on financial plans as well as principles, which must be guided by the organizational unit of the public sector are presented. Various statistical analyzes were carried out to approximate the interdependencies between the given inputs and the achievements in primary schools to highlight the result of the so-called economic calculation. Then, all the data concerning individual primary schools from the analyzed period were collected to attempt to indicate the most similar boroughs in terms of expenditures and results achieved in primary schools as well as to indicate the most prosperous boroughs in this respect based on cluster analysis. The Central Statistical Office turned out to be indispensable, from which a lot of information about local data was obtained and thanks to which boroughs could be compared in many aspects. The source documents received from units serving individual boroughs, such as financial annual reports or information on the state of implementation of educational tasks, were the most helpful in conducting a study on the functioning of primary schools in individual boroughs. The article uses the data for the years 2010-2017.

3

A Casual Analysis in Research on History of Education

86%

Vakhovskyi L., Ivchenko T., Sechka S.

Journal of Education Culture and Society

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2022

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vol. 13

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issue 2

253-262

EN

Aim. The purpose of the study is to reveal the cognitive potential and limitations of causal analysis in historical and pedagogical research and to consider alternative methods of explaining historical and pedagogical facts. Methods. Methodological significance for the study were the principles of historicism, objectivity, historiographical tradition, taking into account the totality of facts. To implement the goal a set of theoretical methods was used: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalisation, and systematisation of scientific positions, historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical actualisation of the problem. Results. The essence of causality as one of the most important forms of interconnection and interdependence of phenomena and processes of being, expressing a special genetic relationship between them, reveals the specificity of functional and stochastic (random) causality. Historical forms of determinism were characterised: classical (linear), non-classical (non-linear) and neoclassical (fractal). Conclusion. The search for monocausal determination in the study of historical and pedagogical processes seems unproductive. To get a more complete and reliable picture of the cause-effect relations the causal analysis should be complemented by teleological analysis, which will make it possible to find out not only why, but also for what purpose certain actions were carried out. Only in this case is it possible to provide scientific and objective historical explanations and interpretations, the adequacy of understanding of historical and pedagogical facts, to find ideas and meanings in the past experience, which will help to solve contemporary educational problems, to predict the development of education in the future.

4

L’hypotypose dans Candide (Voltaire) : description-tableau ou description de tableau ?

81%

Kouame Y.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Romanica

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2016

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issue 11

187-198

EN

The “table-description” differs from the “description of table” in that whereas the latter is limited to table’s voice to express, the former, in itself, is concerned with the discursive in quest for the table effect. Manifest in the table-description is the discursive item energized by intensity operators, which a paratactic syntax can drive, and which is combined with functional predicates. This device approximates the hypotyposis through the effect produced on the listener. In contrast, the “description of table” tends to become autonomous so as to explain a hermetic table. In this case, the diegetic purpose disappears in order to consolidate the representation of captured moments. Here, the attributive predicates and the spatiotemporal organizers are developed in the description. Voltaire makes use of each of these descriptions in some extracts of Candide, but the “table-description” or hypotyposis is given the task of updating the pain of humanity in the 18th century.

DE

Die „Tableau-Beschreibung“ unterscheidet sich von der „Beschreibung des Tableaus“ durch die Tatsache, dass die zweite sich auf die Stimme beschränkt, die man dem Tableau verleiht, um sich auszudrücken, während die erstere ihrerseits die Erörterung in eine Suche nach der Wirkung einleitet. Darin sollte sich eine von Intensitätsbetreibern dynamisierte Erörterung entwickeln, die von einer parataktischen Syntax geleitet wird, mit welchen funktionelle Prädikate kombiniert werden. Dieses System ist der Hypotyposis durch die Wirkung auf den Hörenden ähnlich. Gegen- sätzlich neigt die „Beschreibung des Tableaus“ dazu, sich zu befähigen, um ein hermetisches Tableau zu erklären. In diesem Fall verschwindet der diegetische Zweck, um die Darstellung von festen Zeiten zu verwirklichen. Hier geht es um die attributiven Prädikate, die zeitlich-räumlichen Organisatoren, die in der Beschreibung entwickelt werden. Jede dieser Beschreibungen wird in einigen auszügen von Candide erwähnt, aber die „Tableau-Beschreibung“ oder Hypotyposis ist von ihm beauftragt, den Schmerz der Menschheit im 18. Jahrhundert zu aktualisieren.

5

Umowne uznanie długu

72%

Wielgus K.

Kwartalnik Prawa Prywatnego

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2020

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vol. 29

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issue 2

199-284

EN

The contractual acknowledgment of a debt is widely recognised and applied in continental legal systems. However, there are great differences between them as regards the effects brought about by the above-mentioned legal act. One can distinguish three different legal models of the contractual acknowledgment of a debt. The distinction is made based on the effects such acknowledgment can bring about in certain legal system. First, the acknowledgment of a debt, as a stipulation in the Roman law, can create a new obligation, which is or is not independent from a prior obligation that is the subject of this acknowledgment (constitutive and abstractive or causal effect). Furthermore, there is also the type of the acknowledgment of a debt that does not create ‘new and (in)dependent legal obligation’, but that serves to settle a conflict. Both these subtypes can be classified as a substantive law model (I). This model has been applied in §§ 780 and 781 BGB (The German Civil Code). On the other hand, there is the acknowledgment of a debt that mainly impacts the civil proceedings – it specifically reverses the burden of proof or waives a party's pleas. This can be classified as a process law model (II). This model has been applied in the former Article 1132 CN (The Code Napoleon). The third and last model is based on both above-mentioned models and constitutes their combination (a substantive-procedural law model). It has been applied in Article 17 OR (The Swiss Obligation Code). The aim of this paper is to analyse which of the above-mentioned models of the contractual acknowledgment of a debt has been applied in the Polish Civil Code. In particular, it discusses whether the parties to such contract are able to create a new obligation (constitutive effect) and whether it is an abstractive or a causal one. The paper also contains the analysis of the declaratory and causal acknowledgment of a debt which is referred to in the German legal system as the Feststellungvertrag. It determines whether such subtype of a contractual acknowledgment is acceptable under the Polish Civil Code. Moreover, the paper also raises legal issues concerning the form and classification of the contractual acknowledgment of a debt and its impact on limitation.

6

Focus and Effects of Peer and Machine Feedback on Chinese University EFL Learners’ Revisions of English Argumentative Essays

72%

Liu M.

Theory and Practice of Second Language Acquisition

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2021

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vol. 7

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issue 1

75-98

DE

In Anlehnung an eine empirische Untersuchung präsentiert der vorliegende Artikel die Ziele und Ergebnisse eines kollegialen und automatisierten Feedbacks (engl. peer feedback, machine feedback) bei der Korrektur des Inhalts eines englischsprachigen Argumentationsaufsatzes. An der Untersuchung nahmen 127 Studierende einer chinesischen Universität teil, für die Englisch eine Fremdsprache ist. Die gesammelten Daten entstammen verschiedenen Versionen des Aufsatzes (Arbeitsversion Nr. 1, kollegiales Feedback (PF), Arbeitsversion Nr. 2 – basiert auf kollegialem Feedback, automatisiertes Feedback (MF), Arbeitsversion Nr. 2 – basiert auf automatisiertem Feedback) sowie Fragebögen und aufgenommenen Interviews. Aus der Analyse erhobener Daten ergeben sich wesentliche Unterschiede in Bezug auf die erhaltenen Feedbacks, die im Text auf Grundlage verschiedener Versionen des Aufsatzes im Einzelnen erläutert werden. Es wird beispielsweise unter Beweis gestellt, dass das kollegiale Feedback in erster Linie auf inhaltliche Fehler konzentriert war, während sich das automatisierte Feedback meistens auf sprachliche Fehler bezog. In Anlehnung an die durchgeführte Analyse werden Implikationen betreffend kollegiales und automatisiertes Feedback präsentiert.

EN

The present mixed-method study examined the foci and effects of peer and machine feedback on the revisions of Chinese university EFL learners’ English argumentative essays. The data included Draft 1, peer feedback (PF), PF-based Draft 2, machine feedback (MF), MF-based feedback, questionnaires, and interview recordings. The main findings were: (a) peer feedback was primarily concerned with content errors, while machine feedback mainly involved non-content errors, (b) significant differences occurred in errors of most types between Draft 1, PF and PF-based Draft 2, and between Draft 1, MF, and MF-based Draft 2, (c) the intake of ‘introducing a new topic in Conclusion’ was a powerful predictor of PF-based Draft 2 scores, and (d) the participants generally moderately considered peer and machine feedback to be useful. Based on the findings, some implications are discussed on how to better implement and enhance the quality of peer and machine feedback.

7

Nawyki i skutki stresu nauczycieli w placówkach specjalnych i ogólnodostępnych w czasie pandemii

72%

Węglarz-Masłowska M.

Przegląd Pedagogiczny

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2023

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issue 2

155-168

EN

The profession of a teacher and special educator carries a special risk of burnout resulting from the experience of chronic stress. The article consists of a theoretical part containing a review of the literature on stress in the teaching profession and health habits, and an empirical part. The considerations end with a discussion of the results and proposals of actions aimed at the prevention of burnout in the profession of a special educator. The aim of the research was to determine the habits and effects of stress in the life of special educators and to compare them in the group of teachers employed in a mainstream school. The research was conducted during the pandemic in a group of 54 special educators and 30 subject teachers in a mainstream school. Due to the feminization of the teaching profession, only women participated in the research. The research used the diagnostic survey method. The conducted research shows that most of the respondents are exposed to stress at work, resulting in somatic symptoms.

PL

Zawód nauczyciela i pedagoga specjalnego jest obarczony szczególnym ryzykiem wypalenia zawodowego wynikającego z doświadczania przewlekłego stresu. Artykuł składa się z części teoretycznej, zawierającej przegląd literatury na temat stresu w zawodzie nauczyciela oraz nawyków zdrowotnych oraz części empirycznej. Rozważania kończy dyskusja wyników oraz propozycje oddziaływań mających na celu profilaktykę wypalenia zawodowego w zawodzie pedagoga specjalnego. Celem prowadzonych badań było określenie nawyków i skutków stresu w życiu pedagogów specjalnych oraz ich porównanie w grupie nauczycieli zatrudnionych w szkole ogólnodostępnej. Badania były prowadzone w czasie pandemii w grupie 54 pedagogów specjalnych oraz 30 nauczycielek przedmiotowych w szkole ogólnodostępnej. Ze względu na sfeminizowanie zawodu nauczyciela, w badaniach wzięły udział wyłącznie kobiety. W badaniach wykorzystano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego. Z przeprowadzonej eksploracji wynika, że większość badanych jest narażona na stres w pracy, skutkujący objawami somatycznymi.

8

Skala i sposoby przestępczości rozbójniczej w Polsce w latach 2004-2015

72%

adamczyk m.

Rocznik Bezpieczeństwa Międzynarodowego

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2018

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vol. 12

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issue 1

211-225

EN

The article presents robberies in Poland in years 2004-2015, with particular emphasis on their scale, methods of committing crimes based on surveys conducted in Poznań Remand Prison among male prisoners, as well as the effects of those crimes. What is discussed are the offenses identified in relation to robbery crimes in Poland, including robbery, aggravated theft and extortion by force, divided into regions.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono przestępstwa rozbójnicze w Polsce w latach 2004- 2015 ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ich skali, sposobów popełniania przestępstw w oparciu o badania sondażowe przeprowadzone w Areszcie Śledczym w Poznaniu wśród osadzonych mężczyzn oraz skutków tych przestępstw. Omówione zostały przestępstwa stwierdzone w odniesieniu do przestępstw rozbójniczych w Polsce z uwzględnieniem rozboju, kradzieży rozbójniczej oraz wymuszenia rozbójniczego w podziale na regiony.

9

Intencja skracania dystansu i jej skuteczność w mediach – mówienie o kimś „po nazwisku”

58%

Granat A.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio FF – Philologia

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2015

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vol. 33

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issue 1

EN

The author notes that the fact of omitting the names, titles, ranks, etc. when using surnames is increasingly represented in the media, which, in turn, has serious social consequences. It proves that it is not only contempt, but also a kind of “objectification” of people, deprivation of dignity, “linguistic deprivation of authority” by the media. This way journalists also reduce the role of such concepts like: respect, model, authority, or, on the contrary – media broadcasters discourage their recipients.

PL

Autorka zauważa, że coraz częściej reprezentowane jest w środkach masowego przekazu pomijanie imion, tytułów, godności, nazw pełnionych funkcji itp. przy przywoływanych nazwiskach, co pociąga za sobą poważne konsekwencje społeczne. Świadczy to nie tylko o lekceważeniu, ale także o swego rodzaju „uprzedmiotowieniu” osób, odarciu z godności, „językowym pozbawieniu autorytetu” przez media. Dziennikarze w ten sposób pomniejszają również w życiu odbiorców rolę takich pojęć, jak: szacunek, wzorzec, autorytet lub przeciwnie, nadawcy medialni zniechęcają odbiorców do siebie.

10

Kategoria skuteczności prawa w poglądach Leona Petrażyckiego

58%

Stefaniuk M. E.

Zeszyty Naukowe KUL

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2019

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vol. 62

|

issue 2

7-28

EN

The aim of the discussion herein is to analyse the thought of Leon Petrażycki from the point of view of the role played by the category of efficiency of law law. The study confirmed the research hypothesis that the most important problems raised in Petrażycki's thought are related to the efficiency of law. The issues of law efficiency in Leon Petrażycki's work fall within the scope of legal policy, which was supposed to be the task of consciously determining the directions and goal towards which society is to be led. The main goal, with milestones (instrumental objectives) subordinated to it, is to achieve the ideal of love. For L. Petrażycki, the most important is the motivational efficiency and educational efficiency. On the other hand, the very behaviour compliant with the models included in legal norms is to serve the instrumental purposes, and the currently distinguished efficiency in a broader sense (finitistic) should be recognized taking into account the Petrażycki's ideal of love and the degree of approaching its implementation through legal regulations. Despite love being a fundamental value in human life, we, as a society, are not yet ready to enshrine this value in the Constitution, even though over a hundred years have passed since Leon Petrażycki proclaimed his ideas.

PL

Celem podjętych rozważań jest analiza poglądów Leona Petrażyckiego z punktu widzenia roli, jaką odgrywa w nich kategoria skuteczności prawa. W opracowaniu potwierdzona została hipoteza badawcza, iż najistotniejsze problemy poruszane w myśli Petrażyckiego wiążą się właśnie ze skutecznością prawa. Problematyka skuteczności prawa u Leona Petrażyckiego mieści się, bowiem w zagadnieniach polityki prawa, na której miało spoczywać zadanie świadomego ustalenia kierunków i celu, do którego ma być prowadzone społeczeństwo. Celem naczelnym, któremu powinny być podporządkowane cele pośrednie (instrumentalne) jest osiągnięcie ideału miłości. Najważniejsze znaczenie ma dla L. Petrażyckiego skuteczność motywacyjna i skuteczność wychowawcza. Natomiast samo zachowanie zgodne w wzorami zawartymi w normach prawnych ma służyć celom instrumentalnym, zaś wyróżniana współcześnie skuteczność szerszym znaczeniu (finitystyczna) powinna być ujmowana przy uwzględnieniu petrażycjańskiego ideału miłości i stopnia zbliżania się do jego realizacji za pomocą regulacji prawnych. Chociaż miłość jest fundamentalną wartością w życiu człowieka to jednak jako społeczeństwo nie jesteśmy jeszcze gotowi zapisać tej wartości do Konstytucji, mimo iż od czasu kiedy Leon Petrażycki głosił swoje idee minęło ponad sto lat.

11

The puzzle of causality

51%

Jadacki J., Jadacki J.

Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria

|

2020

|

issue 2

12

Poezja i myśl ujdą cało nawet z gorsetu teorii

44%

Feliksiak E.

Studia Norwidiana

|

2012

|

vol. 30

209-229

EN

The article is a critical discussion of a book by Piotr Śniedziewski, who made the subject of his research a comparative analysis of the work and thought of two poets of the second half of the 19th century: Mallarmé and Norwid, treating them both as precursors of the esthetics of modernism. The author of the review remarks that the analytical arguments of the book are subjected to its real and main aim, that is practical verification of the theoretical construct projected by the Poznań researcher. The construct is the “rhetoric of silence” that could replace the traditional category of rhetoric based on classical models. After a synthesizing characteristic of the whole that is competently and clearly built by the author very well read in the poetry of the researched epoch and in the literature of the subject, the reviewer reminds shortly the achievements to date of comparative Norwidology, with the publications by Maciej Żurowski leading the way. Next she presents six chapters as subsequent stages of Piotr Śniedziewski's argument, commenting them economically, in a way that does not disturb objectivity of the presentation. The predominant feature of the commentaries is the reviewer's conviction that although the author emphasizes the connections between Norwid and Romantic poetry as well as his philosophy that is distant from modernism, the thesis about a common basis of both the poets' work is a peculiar attempt at imposing a straightjacket of an a priori constructed theory on the subject he studies. However, the work of both the poets (both their poetry and thought) emerges victorious from this ordeal. It is so both because of the resistance of art as a domain of independent mastery, and of the fact that Śniedziewski, a follower of the “new comparative study”, comparing rather differences than similarities, consciously dissociated himself from extreme deconstruction that is in fashion. Hence ultimately there are no losers in the book: the rhetoric of silence does work in the workshop practice, and works by the two outstanding poets are not overshadowed by a risky interpretation. From the point of view of Norwidology let us just add that we still have to wait for broadening the comparative background of his work.

13

Poezja i myśl ujdą cało nawet z gorsetu teorii

44%

Feliksiak E.

Studia Norwidiana

|

2012

|

vol. 30

209-229

EN

The article is a critical discussion of a book by Piotr Śniedziewski, who made the subject of his research a comparative analysis of the work and thought of two poets of the second half of the 19th century: Mallarmé and Norwid, treating them both as precursors of the esthetics of modernism. The author of the review remarks that the analytical arguments of the book are subjected to its real and main aim, that is practical verification of the theoretical construct projected by the Poznan´ researcher. The construct is the “rhetoric of silence” that could replace the traditional category of rhetoric based on classical models. After a synthesizing characteristic of the whole that is competently and clearly built by the author very well read in the poetry of the researched epoch and in the literature of the subject, the reviewer reminds shortly the achievements to date of comparative Norwidology, with the publications by Maciej Żurowski leading the way. Next she presents six chapters as subsequent stages of Piotr Śniedziewski’s argument, commenting them economically, in a way that does not disturb objectivity of the presentation. The predominant feature of the commentaries is the reviewer’s conviction that although the author emphasizes the connections between Norwid and Romantic poetry as well as his philosophy that is distant from modernism, the thesis about a common basis of both the poets’ work is a peculiar attempt at imposing a straightjacket of an a priori constructed theory on the subject he studies. However, the work of both the poets (both their poetry and thought) emerges victorious from this ordeal. It is so both because of the resistance of art as a domain of independent mastery, and of the fact that Śniedziewski, a follower of the “new comparative study”, comparing rather differences than similarities, consciously dissociated himself from extreme deconstruction that is in fashion. Hence ultimately there are no losers in the book: the rhetoric of silence does work in the workshop practice, and works by the two outstanding poets are not overshadowed by a risky interpretation. From the point of view of Norwidology let us just add that we still have to wait for broadening the comparative background of his work.

Refine search results

Effect of psychology consultation on subsequent general practitioner doctor consultations

ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF PRIMRY SCHOOLS IN INOWROCŁAW BOROUGH AND IN NEIGHBOURING BOROUGHS SINCE 2010

A Casual Analysis in Research on History of Education

L’hypotypose dans Candide (Voltaire) : description-tableau ou description de tableau ?

Umowne uznanie długu

Focus and Effects of Peer and Machine Feedback on Chinese University EFL Learners’ Revisions of English Argumentative Essays

Nawyki i skutki stresu nauczycieli w placówkach specjalnych i ogólnodostępnych w czasie pandemii

Skala i sposoby przestępczości rozbójniczej w Polsce w latach 2004-2015

Intencja skracania dystansu i jej skuteczność w mediach – mówienie o kimś „po nazwisku”

Kategoria skuteczności prawa w poglądach Leona Petrażyckiego

The puzzle of causality

Poezja i myśl ujdą cało nawet z gorsetu teorii

Poezja i myśl ujdą cało nawet z gorsetu teorii