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Ocena efektywności zwrotnego mechanizmu finansowego JESSICA w województwie śląskim - prognoza

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Kościelniak H., Górka M., Politechnika Częstochowska; Wydział Zarządzania; Katedra Zarządzania Przedsiębiorstwem
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2012
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vol. 267
EN
JESSICA [Joint European Support for Sustainable Investment in City Areas] – is an initiative developed by the European Commission and the European Investment Bank, in collaboration with the Council of Europe Development Bank (CEB). Its aim is to support sustainable urban development investments. In Poland the initiative finances projects eligible within Regional Operational Programmes in the priorities related with urban regeneration. Within JESSICA, special Urban Development Funds or Holding Funds are established in order to support projects, forming part of local regeneration programmes with the application of financial instruments and structural funds. JESSICA has been developed as an answer to the development needs of urban areas, having the key importance for local, regional and national growth, at the same time being an initiative supporting profitable projects only. JESSICA beneficiaries have access to advantageous financial instruments that may vary depending on the region [equity, loans and/or guarantees]. The basic aim of the paper is to define the implementation scope of the JESSICA revolving mechanism and to present an attempt at evaluating its efficiency in Silesia.
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Efficiency evaluation of urban transport using the DEA method

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Hajduk S.
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
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2018
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vol. 13
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issue 1
141-157
EN
Research background: An efficient and effectively functioning transport of a city is of great importance both for people who reside within it, as well as companies doing business there. It is an integral part of modern economy and society in the dimension of production and consumption. However, apart from having a positive impact, transport also carries many social costs including congestion, traffic accidents and a negative influence on the natural environment. Consequently, urban transport is an increasingly important area of city management. Purpose of the article: The aim of this study is to assess the technological effectiveness of transport in selected Polish cities. The author created a ranking of cities and identified ways of improve efficiency. Methods: The test procedure used the non-parametric method of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The data for analysis was drawn from the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office defining expenses in the transport section as  well as data on the condition and use of transport infrastructure. Calculations were made using Frontier Analyst Application software dedicated to the DEA method. Performance results were determined using the BCC model. The analysis was con-ducted for 18 cities with district status from 150 to 500 thousands inhabitants. Findings & Value added: The main result is the author's ranking of transport effectiveness in Polish cities. The analysis showed that urban transport is characterized by a rather low technological effectiveness. Full technological efficiency has been shown by five cities: Białystok, Sosonowiec, Bielsko-Biała, Olsztyn and Rzeszów. An average of the urban transport efficiency reached 51.1%. The lowest effectiveness was only 2.77%. This means that a substantial number of cities do not use optimal inputs. The DEA method enriches the methodology used by scientists to study transport effectiveness.
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Development of innovative industries in Russia under unfavourable external environment

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Spitsin V., Mikhalchuk A., Chistyakova N., Spitsyna L., Pavlova I.
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
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2018
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vol. 13
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issue 3
467-485
EN
Research background: Innovative development of industries and regions in Russia during the period 2005-2011 has not brought significant positive results. Innovative activity of regions and industries remained at a low level. After a relatively stable 2012-2013, the Russian economy faced the geopolitical crisis and economic sanctions in 2014-2015. Purpose of the article: The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the innovative development patterns of industrial sectors in selected Russian regions in the years 2012-2015, which include the period of negative external environment (2014-2015) for the national economy. Methods: The study enhances the analysis of statistical data and applies quantitative analysis methods (variance analysis). The research focuses on 14 regions of Russia, members of the Association of Innovative Regions of Russia (AIRR) and 2 specific industries: section D 'Manufacturing' and subsection DL 'Manufacture of electrical and optical equipment' which usually manifest high level of innovative economic activity. Findings & Value added: The research results show that the crisis period of 2014-2015 has not stimulated the increased innovative activities for both industries. The innovative sector (section D) grew faster than the non-innovative one in 2013, but this advantage became insignificant in 2014-2015. Some signs of revival for innovative enterprises in subsection DL were observed during the crises beginning in 2014, but this trend was not retained in 2015. The analysis of structural indicators (proportions) of the innovative sector shows that only a few AIRR regions have values comparable to the leading European countries. Most of the AIRR regions lag behind the leading foreign countries specifically on the 'Share of enterprises engaged in technological innovation' and 'Share of new or significantly improved products' Indicators. The study did not reveal the statistically significant positive dynamics of these indicators in the AIRR regions over the period 2013-2015.
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