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EN
The article presents a comparison of older and more contemporary texts in respect of the functions and frequency of exclamations. The analysis is based on about 100 Polish texts used in Catholic ceremonies of the Stations of the Cross, published before the Second Vatican Council and 100 contemporary texts of the same devotional practice. It appears that the number of exclamations in contemporary texts has decreased radically. In the older material exclamations are numerous and have a variety of structures. In contemporary texts we find far fewer, usually in special contexts, especially in highly stylised and ironic ones. One can see the influence of other discourses and genres and the communicative situation as well. The paper also deals with indicators of exclamations in spoken and written texts.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia porównanie dawnych i współczesnych tekstów pod względem funkcji i częstości występowania eksklamacji. Analiza opiera się 100 tekstach nabożeństwa drogi krzyżowej wydanych przed soborem watykańskim II i 100 współczesnych tekstach. Okazuje się, że liczba wykrzyknień znacząco spada w ciągu ostatniego stulecia. W dawnym nabożeństwie eksklamacje są liczne i urozmaicone pod względem struktury. Obecnie pojawiają się pojedynczo i w specjalnych kontekstach, zwłaszcza w stylizacji i w użyciach ironicznych. Widoczny jest wpływ innych dyskursów i gatunków oraz sytuacji komunikacyjnej. Artykuł porusza także problem wyznaczników eksklamacji w tekstach pisanych i mówionych.  
EN
This paper investigates comments left by users of Allegro – an on-line auction website. With the use of pragmalinguistics, author treats the e-commerce site comments as emotive-evaluative act directed towards both specific and potential contractors. It’s also an act used by the user to build websites’ participant image. Among positive acts we can distinguish acts of praising, which praise the way of closing the deal, product’s quality, contractor or the message itself. The second group consists of courtesy acts or polite sentences used In the acts of praising. Neutral comments are dominated by complaints. Their content has usually negative tone, however the addressees tend to ease them with means of such words as “unfortunately” or other words reflecting how sorry they are. The list of negative comments is dominated by acts of warning and advice. Users who initiate communication usually use censorious tone which causes asymmetry in relations between them and the addressee. The study shows that users willingly use their own words to rate the service and in addition to graphic scale and template offered by the website they describe their emotions.
EN
The main theme of the article centers on the methods of expressing liking which is understood as a positive attitude towards another person functioning in the Internet. The aim of the paper is to show and discuss elements of communication and language pragmatics typical for emotive speech, including the elements which are results of the new media. The theoretical part concerns two aspects: 1) definition of the emotive (expressive) function In linguistics and of the terms describing phenomena which are related to the science of communication; 2) the Internet as a new tool and an environment for social communication. The analysis is conducted on the written data produced by the Facebook community. Conclusions concern the observed patterns of form, intentional content and functions of written production expressing liking.
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