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Regional smart specialisations in the light of dynamic changes in the employment structure: the case of a region in Poland

100%

Kudełko J., Żmija K., Żmija D.

Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

2022

vol. 17

issue 1

133-171

Research background: Among the determinants of the socio-economic development of the region, an important role is played by its endogenous potential. It is reflected in the industry structure of the region, formed in the process of its historical development. The industry structure is the basis for the development of regional specialisations. One of the criteria for defining specialisations is the employment structure by sections and divisions of the national economy. The definition of regional specialisations is indispensable for planning the development policy and for formulating regional strategies. Purpose of the article: The main objective of the paper is the analysis and evaluation of employment structure as a criterion for the delimitation of industries identified as smart specialisations in the region. The study covers the case of selected region in Poland at NUTS-2 level ? the voivodeship of Małopolska. Methods: The study is based on GUS unpublished data (Statistics Poland) for 2009 and 2018. It makes use of descriptive statistical analysis methods and structure and dynamics ratios, as well as Florence?s specialisation coefficient. Findings & value added: The research has shown that the employment structure indicating the presence of the region's specialisation in given industries is an important, but not sufficient criterion for the evaluation, whether the delimitation of industries recognized as smart specialisations was appropriate. In the light of the conducted research, it seems fully justified to grant the status of smart specialisation in Małopolska to Information and Communication Technologies as well as to Creative and Leisure Industries. In the context of changes to employment dynamics and structures, the possible development-oriented smart specialisations are as follows: Manufacture of metals and metal products, Electronics and machine industry, and Chemistry. On the other hand, the identified specialisations: Life science and Sustainable energy are not in line with changes in the region?s employment structure. The paper proposes one of the possible ways of precise identification of distinctive regional industries with high development potential. The structure of employment and changes occurring in this area make it possible to determine the main forces of the region's endogenous potential, and thus may form the basis for the determination, and in the longer term, assessment of the relevance of identified regional smart specialisations. The added value of the study is, therefore, an attempt to assess, on the example of a selected region, to what extent changes in regional specialisations reflected in the existing employment structure confirm the accuracy of the selection of industries identified as regional smart specialisations. The presented case is an exemplification of the proposed method, which can also be successfully applied to other European regions.

Sektor usług wiedzochłonnych oraz jego dynamika i struktura zatrudnienia w krajach Unii Europejskiej

63%

Zięba M.

Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo

2015

issue 40

133-152

Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy sektora usług wiedzochłonnych oraz jego dynamiki i struktury zatrudnienia. W części teoretycznej opracowania przedstawiono zagadnienia definicyjne oraz klasyfikacyjne związane z sektorem usług wiedzochłonnych, a także omówiono kwestie wiedzochłonności tego sektora. W części badawczej zaprezentowano analizę dynamiki i struktury zatrudnienia w sektorach usług wiedzochłonnych krajów należących do Unii Europejskiej. Główne wnioski płynące z dokonanych analiz są następujące. Po pierwsze, zatrudnienie w sektorach usług wiedzochłonnych wzrosło bardziej niż zatrudnienie w sektorach usług mniej wiedzochłonnych we wszystkich analizowanych krajach Unii Europejskiej. Zatrudnienie w sektorach usług mniej wiedzochłonnych na przestrzeni analizowanego okresu bądź wzrosło w mniejszym stopniu, bądź wręcz zmalało o kilka punktów procentowych w większości badanych przypadków. Po drugie, we wszystkich analizowanych krajach udział pracowników z grupy HRST (Human Resources in Science and Technology) w ogóle zatrudnionych pracowników jest większy w sektorach usług wiedzochłonnych niż w tych mniej wiedzochłonnych. Po trzecie, zaobserwowano również nieco zaskakujące zjawisko – w krajach powszechnie uważanych za gospodarki oparte na wiedzy ten udział zatrudnionych z grupy HRST w sektorach usług wiedzochłonnych jest w niektórych przypadkach niższy niż w krajach mniej rozwiniętych.

This article is devoted to the knowledge-intensive services sector and its dynamics and structure of employment. In its theoretical part, the study presents definitions and classifications of knowledge-intensive services sector and discusses knowledge intensity of this sector. In the research part, the author presents the analysis of dynamics and struc- ture of employment in knowledge-intensive services sectors in mem- ber countries of the European Union. The main conclusions resulting from the analysis are as follows. Firstly, employment in knowledge- intensive service sectors has increased more than employment in the less knowledge-intensive service sectors in all the analysed European Union countries. Employment in the less knowledge-intensive ser- vice sectors over the analysed period either has increased to a lesser extent, or even declined a few percentage points in most of the cases. Secondly, in all the analysed countries the share of HRST workers (Human Resources in Science and Technology) in the overall em- ployed workers is greater in knowledge-intensive service sectors than in the less knowledge-intensive ones. Thirdly, in countries generally considered to be knowledge-based economies the share of HRST workers in the overall employment in knowledge-intensive service sectors was in some cases lower than in the less developed countries.

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1 Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo

1 Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

1 Kudełko J.

1 Zięba M.

1 Żmija D.

1 Żmija K.

1 2022

1 2015

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Regional smart specialisations in the light of dynamic changes in the employment structure: the case of a region in Poland

Sektor usług wiedzochłonnych oraz jego dynamika i struktura zatrudnienia w krajach Unii Europejskiej