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Environmental Values in Post-socialist Hungary: Is It Useful to Distinguish Egoistic, Altruistic and Biospheric Values?

100%
De Groot J. I. M., Steg L., Keizer M., Farsang A., Watt: A.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2012
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vol. 48
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issue 3
421–440
XX
In this article the authors examine whether the significance of biospheric values as a separate cluster next to egoistic and altruistic values is mainly a Western European phenomenon or whether biospheric values are also endorsed as a value in its own right in post-socialist Hungary. In twondifferent samples (N = 856 and N = 840), the multi-group method revealed that egoistic, altruistic and biospheric values can be distinguished empirically in Hungary. Their findings suggest that Hungarians not only care for nature and the environment as such, but that these values are translated into feelings of moral obligation to protect the environment: biospheric values strongly helped to explain personal norms towards various environmental behaviours. The authors’ results suggest that bisopheric values are relevant for understanding environmental beliefs, norms and actions in Hungary.
2
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Environmental Concerns in Cross-National Context: How Do Mass Publics in Central and Eastern Europe Compare with Other Regions of the World?

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Marquart-Pyatt S. T.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2012
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vol. 48
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issue 3
441–466
EN
Research examining the globalisation of environmental concern shown in public opinion surveys is currently underspecified, as the countries in Central and Eastern Europe are not explicitly showcased in empirical research. To address this gap in the literature, this research examines two measures of environmental concern, awareness of environmental threats and willingness to sacrifice, emphasising former state socialist countries both in comparison with countries around the globe and across countries located within this regional block. Results reveal that Central and Eastern European countries exhibit unique qualities regarding the content of environmental concern, and that, although the determinants of environmental threat awareness differ to some extent within this region, the social bases of willingness to sacrifice are strikingly similar across the six former state socialist countries in this sample. These results extend prior research and offer important directions for future scholarship.
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Environmental values in the petrochemical industry: A Q-method study in South West Iran

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Ghoochani O. M., Bakhshi A., Cotton M., Nejad A. H., Ghanian M.
Environmental & Socio-economic Studies
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2015
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vol. 3
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issue 4
1-10
EN
Achieving sustainable development in different regional and cultural contexts is dependent, in part, upon an understanding of key actors’ underlying environmental, social and economic values. The social research technique called Q-methodology presents an effective means to explore such values as a matter of discourse: revealing the typologies of stakeholder perspectives within a given debate. Q-method involves factor analysis of participant rank-ordered preselected statements on a topic. The resultant factors are then reinterpreted as social discourses. In this study we use Q-methodology to explore the environmental values of Health Safety and Environmental (HSE) managers in petrochemical companies in Khuzestan province in southwest Iran. Khuzestan is a key region of petrochemical product development, with significant associated environmental pollution effects. Understanding HSE managers’ attitudes to environmental protection is of value in predicting broader environmental impacts to the region, given the relative importance of their role in regulating the environmental performance of this industry. Our results reveal four distinct and varied perspectives on environmental protection labelled: ‘Environmental stewardship’, ‘Environmental presentism’, ‘Technological optimism’ and ‘Enlightened anthropocentrism’. We then discuss how these four emergent perspectives correspond to broader environmental discourses as categorized by John Dryzek: i.e. green rationalism, economic rationalism, prometheanism and ecological modernization respectively.
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Environmental Behaviours in the Czech Republic, Austria and Germany between 1993 and 2010: Macro-Level Trends and Individual-Level Determinants Compared

86%
Hadler M., Wohlkonig P.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2012
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vol. 48
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issue 3
467–492
EN
Comparing environmental behaviours in the neighbouring countries of Austria, the Czech Republic and Germany, this article discusses the national and individual level determinants of private and public environmental actions. For this purpose, survey data collected by the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) in 1993, 2000 and 2010 are analysed. The analysis reveals that values are more important for public behaviour and socio-demographics are more important for private behaviour. At the macro-level, an initial gap can be reported: Public and private behaviours were less frequent in the Czech Republic and also to a certain extent in East Germany. The gap between these former socialist countries and Austria and Germany has decreased over time. The convergence, however, happens at an overall low level of public behaviour and an overall high level of private behaviour.
5
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Problem techniki w społeczeństwie konsumentów

72%
Dzwonkowska D.
Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe
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2014
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vol. 35
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issue 2
71-82
EN
Technology has brought the humanity rapid development and manifold conveniences, therefore, it has been perceived mainly as a source of positive changes, even though, it has also brought many negative side effects. In this article, technology is presented as a field of moral reflection, especially, as a field for reflection on consumerism. The development of Western civilization brought about a disturbing phenomenon, i.e. consumerism. Homo consumens uses technology to consume more than he needs. He is driven by artificially fueled desires that can never be satisfied, thus he falls into a vicious circle of never-ending consumption. On the one hand, technology makes goods more available; on the other hand, it also generates new needs, called «meta-needs». As a result, consumer societies define the value of a person through the prism of his possessions, which are actually incessantly exchanged for new material goods. In this approach, instead of serving the society, technology strengthens consumerism which affects full personal development and is harmful to the environment.
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Podstawowe zasady międzynarodowej ochrony środowiska morskiego. Wybrane aspekty prawa, doktryny i praktyki

72%
Łukaszuk L.
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
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2006
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vol. 4
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issue 1
327-340
EN
The author of this article presents the notion and meaning of international protection of the marine environment and offers a solid legal and philosophical background to this issue. He points at and systematically analyzes a kind of compendium of selected main legal and philosophical principles as environmental values, included in the United Nations Convention on the law of the sea (1982). The author discusses both environmental management at seas as a global system and topical issues in the light of international legal instruments, doctrine, and some practical experiences. He also shows the environmental law as an increasingly important area of new interdisciplinary study and addresses how this law and science may best able to address the key issues facing the marine environment in the 21st century.
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