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The Determinants of Employee Ownership Plan Implementation in EU Countries – the Quest for Economic Democracy: a First Look at the Evidence

100%
Machado R. B.
Organizacija
|
2016
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vol. 49
|
issue 2
94-107
EN
Background and purpose: Kelso’s quest to identify the economic counterpart of political democracy and, as a corollary, his concern about the nature of the economic system’s organisation needed to support the institutions of a politically free society, contributed two important terms: economic power and democracy. Following Kelso’s reasoning, my research study aims to understand the determinants of the implementation of economic democracy, measured by the incidence of employee share ownership plans, within European Union countries. Methodology: Setting out with the theory of one of the founding fathers of employee stock ownership plans, I perform a cross-country analysis spanning five years (2008-2012) to explain the incidence level of employee ownership by independent variables operationalizing the political, legal, socio-educational and economic structures of twenty European Union countries. Using secondary data from the European Federation of Employee Share Ownership, I explain the determinants’ pertinence, while accounting for severe data limitations. Results: I report a strong correlation between employee ownership incidence and the index of economic freedom. However, the labour market’s freedom, the trustworthiness of and confidence in financial markets and the quality of secondary and tertiary education do not deliver clear-cut results. Conclusion: Further research should comprehensively scrutinise country-specific factors regarding corporate governance issues and cross-cultural controls. Employee ownership researchers should consider this field of research to understand why countries that are so-called employee ownership champions are experiencing widening income inequality.
2
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SOVEREIGN WEALTH FUNDS SELECTED ISSUES

86%
Gruszczyński K. J.
Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje
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2014
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vol. 16(16)
154-165
EN
Sovereign wealth funds (called later SWF) have attracted a lot of attention in the beginning of the new century as many countries from Arab world open funds and invest in the European Union (EU), including new state members such as Poland. This has given way to a rising concern over SWF investments’s influence have on the european economy. Taking into consideration that all sovereign wealth funds combined to hold more than $5 trillion in assets in 2012 and they will exceed the annual economic output of the U.S. by 2015 and that of the EU by 2016, it is important to understand exactly what sovereign wealth funds are and what are the potential benefits and risk involved. Due to their long-term strategic outlook, SWF might contribute to the stability of the international financial markets in the US and EU. It should build more precise and effective institutional framework of sovereign wealth funds’ policy rules, and accountability and transparency mechanisms. SWF can be managed and regulated in order to avoid protectionist measures on the part of the recipients of inward foreign direct investment (FDI), in turn it could greatly benefit bilateral economic relations between EU and the Gulf Cooperation Council GCC.
3
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Equity Characteristics and Factors Affecting Stock Return Forecasting for Listed Firms in South Korea

86%
Jarrett J.
Issues of Business and Law
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2011
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vol. 3
34-43
EN
We are going to study the financial characteristics of the South Korean equity market to see how they differ from those of similar equity markets in the Asia-Pacific Region. The results may infer how the Korean market differs from other markets with respect to size and behavior of firms, market efficiency and predictability of returns. This is especially important due to the political and strategic positions of South Korea, which characterizes South Korea with respect to the huge dominating financial markets of China and Japan. A data analysis indicates that Korean firms differ in size and other characteristics and that these characteristics differ from the characteristics of firms in neighboring countries of the Pacific Basin region. We are going to study the influences of large- and small-sized firms on other firms in the Korean equity market. Furthermore, we will observe a variation in stock returns among Korean firms as influenced by their neighbors in the Pacific Basin region. We will limit our conclusions to the firms and exchanges studied and the time period covered. The purpose of the current research is to enable financial and economic analysts to better predict the behavior of firms listed on the equity markets as they relate to changes in the economy of their neighbors.
4
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An empirical analysis of the impact of crude oil spot and futures prices volatility on the development of African equity markets

72%
A.O. BAKARE I., O. QUADRY M., CHOWDHURY M. A.-M.
Economic and Environmental Studies
|
2018
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vol. 18
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issue 1
31-46
EN
This study focused on the impact of crude oil, crude palm oil spot and futures of prices on African equity markets. It draws on daily data from January 2000 till July 2013, obtained from Bloomberg. The study employed Vector Error Correction (VEC). Findings from the econometric analysis show that there is relativity in the speed of adjustment among such countries’ equity market index as Mauritius, whose economic backbone is tourism, which responded faster compared with other ‘ equity markets. Kenya’s equity market index responded positively relative to those of Morocco and Nigeria, while South Africa’s equity market responded slowly, unlike other equity markets. The implication of Morocco and Nigeria’s equity markets adjusting slowly to the shock from crude oil market crisis was due to a high dependence of the governments of both countries on crude oil revenues in financing their economic activities. The study shows the existence of a long-term relation between crude oil, crude palm oil spot and futures prices on equity markets. The VECM Granger causality test was applied to examine the association and impact among these variables. The results indicate that crude oil spot and futures price granger influence the equity markets of Mauritius, Kenya and Morocco, while futures prices of crude oil granger impact Nigeria’s and South Africa’s equity markets.
PL
Praca niniejsza skupia się na wpływie jaki mają kryzys wydobycia ropy naftowej, produkcji surowego oleju palmowego oraz niestabilność cen terminowych na rynki akcji krajów afrykańskich. Autorzy analizują dane za okres od stycznia 2000 do lipca 2013, które były publikowane przez agencję Bloomberg. Wykorzystują model wektorowej korekcji błędów (VEC). Wyniki analizy ekonometrycznej wskazują, że występuje pewien związek między tempem dostosowania się wśród rynków akcji takich krajów jak Mauritius, którego podstawą gospodarki jest turystyka, i który to rynek zareagował szybciej w porównaniu z rynkami akcji innych krajów. Wskaźnik rynku akcji w Kenii kształtował się dodatnio w porównaniu z tymi w Maroko i Nigerii, podczas gdy rynek akcji w Afryce Południowej reagował wolniej, nie tak jak inne rynki akcji. Skutki wynikające dla rynków akcji w Maroko i Nigerii, które przystosowywały się wolniej do kryzysu jaki wstrząsnął rynkiem ropy, wynikały z dużego uzależnienia finansowania działalności gospodarczej od dochodów pochodzących z wydobycia ropy naftowej, jakie przyjęły rządy obu tych krajów. Badanie pokazuje istnienie długookresowego wpływu jaki wywierają niestabilny rynek wydobycia ropy naftowej, rynek surowego oleju palmowego i cen terminowych na rynki akcji. Zastosowano test VECM przyczynowości Grangera w celu zbadania związku i wpływu między tymi zmiennymi. Wyniki wskazują, że kryzys na rynku ropy naftowej oraz ceny terminowe mierzone testem Grangera wpływają na rynek akcji krajów takich jak Mauritius, Kenia i Maroko, a terminowe ceny ropy naftowej mierzone testem Grangera wpływają na rynki akcji Nigerii oraz Afryki Południowej.
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