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Mäetagused
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2013
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vol. 54
185-212
EN
The article introduces the ideas that are delivered at Kirna manor, which operates as an esoteric healing centre. The teachings of healer Helle Anniko include various mystical visions that are reasoned as a result of original location due to the energies of the earth and cosmos. Her teachings follow the overall pattern of esoteric ideas as described by Antoine Faivre. She is accompanied by visionary agents, such as medieval monks and extraterrestrials, who help and support her in the work of healing and teaching. The second part of the article introduces the narratives of her patients who associate their recovery with the spiritual transformation and mystical experiences, which they have undergone under Helle’s supervision. In these reflections, which touch the borders of both rational and mystical thinking, the magical consciousness could be recognised, which, according to Susan Greenwood and Graham Harvey, forms the conversion and transformation into a new spiritual understanding of the self and the environment. The process of healing involves sitting and meditating on special benches, which are located at the channels of cosmic and terrestrial energies. Bodily impulses and gained experiences form an access to the interpretation lore, which is framed by the dynamical viewpoints of medical doctors and Helle. The article is based on the fieldwork material and interviews conducted by the author.
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Temná stránka evropského osvícenství

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Folia historica Bohemica
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2013
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vol. 28
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issue 2
307-326
EN
The article introduces esoteric currents of European Enlightenment, which are sometimes referred to as the dark side of Enlightenment. We propose referring to them as illuminism, because they involve a movement, which was not a component of the Enlightenment, but rather its competitor. Our concept is based on six characteristics of esotericism according to Antoine Faivre, but we have adapted them to our purpose, i.e. distinction between illuminism and Enlightenment. Finally, we briefly introduce the main centres and persons of European illuminism. We emphasize the significance of a dialogue with Russia in the all-European context, the north-German and south-German centre within Central Europe and Bordeaux, Lyon and Strasbourg in France.
EN
The present paper deals with eight charges that are frequently leveled against any research that focuses on the agrapha dogmata. The charges are demonstrated to be completely unfounded and, therefore, duly dismissed. In particular, it is argued here that the phrase ta legomena (so‑called) is by no means to be understood as ironic. Consequently, the article rejects the very common picture of Plato as some sort of dogmatist and author of a fixed philosophical system. However, Plato’s philosophy is presented as rather ‘overt’ and ‘straightforward’ in its nature. With the situation being as it is, thorough knowledge of the agrapha dogmata is shown to be an absolute prerequisite for understanding Plato’s dialogues. The paper concludes with an observation that while investigating the issue is completely warranted and does not in any way entail any devaluation of the dialogues, Aristotle’s testimony must also be taken into account.
PL
The present paper deals with eight charges that are frequently leveled against any research that focuses on the agrapha dogmata. The charges are demonstrated to be completely unfounded and, therefore, duly dismissed. In particular, it is argued here that the phrase ta legomena (so‑called) is by no means to be understood as ironic. Consequently, the article rejects the very common picture of Plato as some sort of dogma‑ tist and author of a fixed philosophical system. However, Plato’s philoso‑ phy is presented as rather ‘overt’ and ‘straightforward’ in its nature. With the situation being as it is, thorough knowledge of the agrapha dogmata is shown to be an absolute prerequisite for understanding Plato’s dialogues. The paper concludes with an observation that while investigating the issue is completely warranted and does not in any way entail any devaluation of the dialogues, Aristotle’s testimony must also be taken into account.
4
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Rękopis z zaświatów. „Hrad smrti” Jakuba Demla

99%
EN
In the story  The Castle of Death(1912) Jakub Deml presents an esoteric text, which allows initiation, that is to say the revival and improvement of human spirit, because it points the way to the absolute hidden behind the words. The highest form of initiation is transcendence, which consists in the unity of life and death. To achieve this, the candidate of initiation must die in this world. Deml shows the horror of death by the conventions of a horror story. In The Castle of Death, writing and reading the esoteric text means the confrontation between the life-giving language and the ineffable silence  of death. This confrontation leads to the acceptance of silence, because in the world of absolute language as the medium of the spirit loses its  raison d’être. To emphasize the uniqueness of esoteric text, Deml uses the form of a found manuscript. He presents the moment of transition between temporality and transcendence as a dream that goes back to a source of human life. 
EN
Vanga complex in Rupite as a religious sanctuaryThe article addresses the Vanga complex that has been developed since 1994 in a Bul­garian village called Rupite. Due to its unique spatial arrangement as well as the ambiguity of the religious practises engaged at the complex, it at the same time effortlessly serves as an Orthodox, an esoteric and a folk sanctuary. The fact that its creators were influenced by the Marxist and esoteric system established in the twentieth century by Lyudmila Zhivkova as well as spatial categories of the centre and axis mundi, resulted in the occult tenor of this place. Simultaneously, mystification used by the originators together with ambivalent approach of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church towards syncretic religious phenomena, enabled St. Petka Church – constituting the axis of the complex being discussed – to become an official Orthodox church. Furthermore, the Rupite complex can justifiably be interpreted as an institutionalisa­tion of the cult of the local seer Vanga, dynamically developing in the south-west of Bulgaria. Binding psychic and healing spiritual gifts of Vanga with folk beliefs about St. Petka, made it possible to inscribe the seer into the paradigm of a Christian martyr and a prophetess. Moreover, it also allowed Vanga to enter the pantheon of saint healers, who are particularly popular in these areas. Kompleks Wanga w Rupite jako sanktuarium religijneTematem artykułu jest powstający od 1994 roku w bułgarskiej miejscowości Rupite – Kom­pleks Wanga. Dzięki swej wyjątkowości ,,przestrzennej” oraz niejednoznaczności wyzna­wanego kultu obiekt ten funkcjonuje jednocześnie jako sanktuarium prawosławne, ezo­teryczne oraz ludowe. Miejsce to zawdzięcza swój okultystyczny charakter odwołaniom jego twórców do marksistowsko-ezoterycznego systemu światopoglądowego, stworzonego w ubiegłym stuleciu przez Ludmiłę Żiwkową, oraz do przestrzennych kategorii centrum i axis mundi. Jednocześnie, dzięki zastosowanej przez pomysłodawców mistyfikacji oraz ambiwalentnej wobec synkretycznych zjawisk religijnych postawie Bułgarskiej Prawosław­nej Cerkwi, świątynia pw. św. Petki – stanowiąca oś omawianego kompleksu – stała się oficjalnie cerkwią prawosławną. Kompleks w Rupite ponadto interpretować można jako instytucjonalizację prężnie rozwijającego się w zachodnio-południowej Bułgarii kultu rodzi­mej jasnowidzki – Wangi. Powiązanie mediumicznych i leczniczych charyzmatów Wangi z ludowymi wyobrażeniami św. Petki pozwoliło na wpisanie jasnowidzki w paradygmat chrześcijańskiej męczennicy i prorokini oraz włączyło Wangę do panteonu – popularnych na tych terenach – tzw. świętych lekarzy.
EN
The article is devoted to the influence of esoteric philosophy on the European and Russian literature at the turn of the 20th century. The author analyzes the causes of the fascination with clairvoyance (as well as other kinds of extrasensory perception) and examines its various expressions in the works of H.P. Blavatsky, Alexander Aksakov, Annie Besant, Charles Leadbeater, Rudolf Steiner, Gustav Meyrink, Maurice Maeterlinck, Andrei Belyi, Leo Kobylinsky-Ellis, Nikolai Roerich et al.
Studia Religiologica
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2013
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vol. 46
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issue 4
293–306
EN
This paper attempts to show the unknown life story of Robert Walter (1908–1981). Walter was one of the best-known Polish esotericist, and yet the most forgotten, as well as the leader of the Memphis-Misraim Order, who also used the pseudonym “Waltari”. His story remains unknown to this day, including the time of being imprisoned by the Offi ce of Public Security (UB). Based on the documentation kept in the archives of the Institute of National Remembrance (IPN), agential reports indicate he raised interest on two levels: the first was his connections in esoteric and academic circles, and the second – the more important – his acquaintance with Boris Smyslovsky during the years of the occupation.
EN
This paper discusses selected aspects of the relationship between concepts developed in natural philosophy and in esoteric traditions. For this purpose, I refer to the views of Antoine Faivre, who enumerates the following topoi of esotericism: correspondence, vitalism, imagination and mediation, as well as the practice of transmutation, concordance and transmission. The analysis of the history of culture shows that the image of nature created in natural philosophy was linked to that adopted by alchemists, magicians and astrologers. I analyze the relation between alchemy and philosophy of nature, as well as the presence of esoteric topoi of correspondence and vitalism in the philosophy of nature.
PL
W artykule przedyskutuję wybrane aspekty relacji zachodzących pomiędzy koncepcjami powstałymi w filozofii przyrody a tradycjami ezoterycznymi. W tym celu odwołam się do ustaleń Antoine’a Faivre’a, który wylicza następujące toposy ezoteryzmu: korespondencję, witalizm, wyobrażeniowość i pośredniczenie, praktykę transmutacji, konkordancję, przekaz. Analizując dzieje kultury, można zauważyć, że obraz przyrody tworzony w filozofii przyrody łączył się z obrazem przyjmowanym przez alchemików, magów i astrologów. W artykule przeanalizuję relację pomiędzy alchemią a filozofią przyrody oraz obecność ezoterycznych toposów korespondencji i witalizmu w filozofii przyrody.
PL
Wraz z pogłębiającymi się kryzysami społecznymi, ekonomicznymi i ekologicznymi w społeczeństwach rośnie zainteresowanie powrotem do praktyk duchowych, których nie są już w stanie obsłużyć instytucjonalne religie. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie i analiza za pomocą narzędzi teoretycznych z zakresu kulturoznawstwa, nauk o komunikacji i mediach oraz socjologii religii wpływu mediów społecznościowych na praktyki magiczne, ezoteryczne i okultystyczne, uprawiane poprzez i za pomocą tych mediów. Opierając się na wywiadach i obserwacjach przeprowadzonych na TikToku i Instagramie, przy użyciu metodologii teorii ugruntowanej, autorka przedstawia przykłady wykorzystania technologicznych funkcji serwisów społecznościowych jako nośnika magii. Proponuje też podział polskiego środowiska witchcraftowego na trzy generacje, różniące się sposobem konceptualizacji i poziomem (samo)wiedzy o ezoteryce. Wskazuje także na funkcjonalne i dyskursywne podobieństwo praktyk członków najmłodszego pokolenia socialmediowych wiedźm do popularnych treści z obszaru rozwoju osobistego.
EN
As social, economic, and environmental crises deepen, there is a growing demand in societies for spiritual practices that institutional religions can no longer serve. The aim of this article is to present and analyse – with the use of theoretical tools from cultural studies, communication and media sciences, and the sociology of religion – the impact of social media on the contemporary magic, esotericism, and occultism practiced through these media. Based on observations and interviews conducted on TikTok and Instagram using grounded theory methodology, the author presents examples of the use of the technological functions of social media platforms as vehicles for magic activities. She also proposes a division of the Polish witchcraft community into three generations, which differ in the way they conceptualise their profession. The article also points out the functional and discursive similarities between the practices of the youngest generation of social media witches and the popular trend of self-development and personal growth.
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