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A Wedding Toast Is Not a State of the Union Address: Other-Regarding and Others’ Opinions Regarding Preferences As Relevant Factors in Shaping Human Preferences

100%
Warren J. N.
Ethics in Progress
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2015
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vol. 6
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issue 2
104-152
EN
This paper describes using current literature and research a problem that has plagued social scientists for centuries, see that of „moral sentiments?. Human beings are inherently social by nature and hold certain regard for others? opinions (esteem preferences) as well as for others generally (altruism). It is argued in the article that such preferences may in fact be consistent with a core rational human agent. It is furthermore argued that the lack of regard for such preferences in social sciences research (and particularly within the domain of economics) severely weakens models and theories in the respective disciplines. A few potential avenues for including social preferences writ large into social science (read: economic) modeling are outlined.
2
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Komunikační praktiky v rámci kultury školy: uplatňování kultury uznání a respektu

88%
Wulf C., Bittner M., Clemens I., Kellermann I.
Studia paedagogica
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2011
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issue 1
71-87
EN
Our aim in this article is to outline the specific forms of communication in a school with reference to the practical knowledge of a phenomenon that we call a culture of recognition and esteem. We analyze the verbal, non-verbal, semiotic, discursive and mimetic aspects of communication practices and show their social functions within the school we observed. It is necessary to understand and analyze recognition and esteem as praxis, i.e. as an ensemble of intentional as well as unintentional pedagogical practices. These practices constitute a culture of recognition and esteem that furnishes those involved in a school with a reference framework and performative space. The inquiry is applied to an inner-city primary school in a socio-economically problematic district. The data have been produced within a cooperative programme of ethnographic research that has lasted more than twelve years and was initiated in the context of the Berlin Ritual Study at the Free University of Berlin. As fieldwork was restricted in terms of time and thematic focus, we followed a specific dimension of school ethnography. Our findings are based not only upon observation but also upon the recording on video of pedagogical practices. Our systematization of recognition and esteem shows a potentiality to describe a phenomenon without reducing its complexity and highlights the hard work implicit to pedagogical praxis.
3
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Justice, Sympathy and the Command of our Esteem

88%
Taylor J.
Diametros
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2015
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issue Diametros 44
173-188
EN
I have shown here the different roles that sympathy plays in the accounts of justice in the Treatise and Enquiry. In the former work, a redirected sympathy naturally extends our concern, and subsequently our moral approval or blame, to all those included within the scope of the rules of justice. In the Enquiry, we find this same progress of sentiments, but Hume’s introduction of the sentiment of humanity allows him to make a stronger case for the importance of those virtues that are useful, particularly the virtues of justice. The command of our esteem and our moral approval of justice secure a place for justice at the heart of Hume’s ethics. This does not entail, however, that other useful virtues are not also essential. Benevolence and the care of children, friendship, and gratitude not only help to sustain sociability, but they are essential for living a properly human life.
4
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ESEJ: Stratyfikacyjne funkcje prestiżu

63%
Domański H.
Przegląd Socjologiczny
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2019
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vol. LXVIII (68)
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issue 2
187-208
PL
Hierarchia prestiżu zaliczana jest do podstawowych wymiarów nierówności społecznych. Podlega on oczywiście ewolucji, podobnie jak stratyfikacja klasowa, stosunki władzy i inne wymiary stratyfikacji społecznej. Na podstawie refleksji, i odwołując się częściowo do badań, próbuję odpowiedzieć na pytanie, jak wygląda to w Polsce. Chodzi głównie o rozstrzygnięcie kwestii, czy stratyfikująca rola prestiżu zwiększa się, czy może zanika.
EN
The hierarchy of prestige is considered one of the basic dimensions of social inequalities. It has been evolving throughout the centuries, as have class stratification, power relations and other dimensions of social hierarchy. Based on my own reflections and referring in part to empirical research, I make an attempt to answer the question of how the issue of prestige appears in Poland. The goal is to consider whether the role of prestige in social stratification is increasing or rather declining.
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