Search results

1

Changes in the Economic Situation of the Transylvanian Catholic Community After the Trianon Treaty, with Special Regard to the Estates Managed by the “Erdélyi Katolikus Státus” (Transylvanian Catholic Státus)

100%

Sarnyai C. M.

Central European Papers

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2014

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vol. 2

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issue 1

39-52

EN

Romania’s estate politics after the Trianon treaty caused about 24,207,138 lei deficit in the school and religious funds managed by the Transylvanian Catholic Status. It is understandable that such a dramatic loss of income had serious consequences. Education was the most affected field, just as intended by the creators of the edict. The number of denominational schools decreased due to source redistributions and other obstructive decisions, and even the maintenance of the remainder was possible only through the selflessness of the followers. But it must be noted, as our analysis shows, that an exact explanation for such a situation, according to present expectations, cannot be given today. The difference between clerical and liberal views is rooted in the essential difference between the feudal and modern civil concepts of property. The primary goal of those who worked much on the elimination and abolishment of the Status was to acquire the money of these funds. For this purpose, they attempted to confuse the legal interpretation of the time when the Status and the funds were created with the interpretation of their own time. Such a confusion attempt is actually “an abuse of scholarship”, its “violation” and an opportunity for false explanations.

2

The Debate of the Romanian Concordat from the Perspective of Hungarian Catholics in the Twenties of the 20th Century

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Sarnyai C. M.

Central European Papers

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2013

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vol. 1

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issue 1

17-26

EN

Due to the territorial redistributions following WW1, Transylvania became a part of Romania. Most of its population were Hungarian-speaking Catholics. For the Romanian state, the conclusive resolution of their issues was the agreement with the Holy See in Rome. On the one hand, the Catholics obliged to the standpoint of Rome, on the other hand, due to the international situation, Romania could not afford to avoid an official agreement with the Pope in the case of Hungarian Catholics, in order to prevent accusations of anti-religiousness. The official diplomatic communication between Bucharest and the Vatican began in 1919 and concordat negotiations began in 1920. It was signed on 10 May 1927 and was only ratified by the Romanian parliament on 13 June 1929. During this long process, the Romanian legislation had several important events that affected the situation of the churches and thus that of the minority society. These are the first to be discussed in the paper. Afterwards, we briefly address the principles and practice of the contemporary concordat policy of the Holy See. Each involved party (Roman Catholic Hungarian minority, Orthodox Romanians, the Romanian government and Eastern Catholic Romanians) reacted to leaked negotiation details differently. This is presented in the next section. In the last part of the paper, we examine the main points, aftermath and evaluation of the final and accepted concordat, from the viewpoint of the Catholic Hungarians.

3

Edukacja mniejszości romskiej w Polsce

100%

Przybyszewska D.

Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja

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2014

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vol. 6

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issue 2

153-173

EN

The Roma people make one of the ethnic minorities recognized in Poland. In comparison in education which is based on continuation of their tradition, the Roma education aims at making the transmission of Polish culture more easy. In Poland in the years 2004-2013 the "Programme for the Roma communities". Its most important element was education which makes a sort of challenge. The teacher has to organize the learning process in order to overcome many obstacles. It is necessary to motivate the pupils to work, to integrate the class despite the existing cultural differences, including the initiating cooperation with parents. Gaining trust of the Roma milieu is one of the most important elements having influence on the success of the enterprise of education of children coming from those minorities. It is also important to diminish the social distance of Poles towards them and to getting rid of prejudice and fighting existing stereotypes.

4

Изменения в жизни санкт-петербургских немцев в конце XIX – начале ХХ века

100%

Sinko G., Sidnenko T., Erokhina O. g.

Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski

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2021

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vol. 1

35-42

EN

The subject of this paper is an overview of changes in the material and spiritual life of Germans living in St. Petersburg in the late 19th – early 20th century. The overview of various facets of life of German population of St. Petersburg makes it possible to comprehensively address the problem of transformation of the State nationalities policy toward the largest ethnic diaspora in the Imperial Capital. The research work of Russian and foreign scholars became the theoretical framework for the article that enabled to ensure continuity of historical analysis. This study used a problematic and chronological approach to review the dynamics of state legislative initiatives related to in relation to the German community of St. Petersburg. The legislative acts issued in the Russian Empire during the period under study to toughen up the legal regulations governing the life of Russian Germans served as the factual basis of the overview. The conclusions drawn in the paper give a better idea of general trends in the nationalities policy of the Russian state in the midst of the most important domestic and international events of the late 19th and early 20th century.

5

Multiculturalism in education in Spain

100%

Szczurkowska S.

Studia z Teorii Wychowania

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2015

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issue 4 (13)

109-125

EN

The article addresses the multifaceted issues of cultural diversity in contemporary Spain. Multiculturalism is perceived from the perspective of ethnic minorities and immigrant students in, mainly, compulsory schooling. Legal framework for the school system is followed by the description of inequalities in education. The aspect of segregation or even marginalization of immigrant alumni and their significantly lower achievement (after PISA reports), when compared to native peers, is strongly emphasized. A section dedicated to linguistic pluralism in the Autonomous Communities of Catalonia, the Basque Country and Galicia, gives the way to the country's legal background, as regards cultural diversity. There are also considered the aspects of support through compensatory programmes in the classroom in the light of the policy of normalization.

6

Hutsulshchyna and Public Progress

100%

Kibych A.

Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series

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2010

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vol. 14

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issue 14

37-50

EN

The article describes the public-demographic changes in Hutsulshchyna in the light of political and economic surroundings of a changing Ukraine. There are indications proving that structural shifts in Hutsuls' ethnic culture, caused by cultural globalization, are about to happen. Preservation of ethnographic features in present-day conditions, as well as Hutsuls' adaptation to new social realities, appears to become a complex socio-cultural problem of this region of Ukraine.

7

Ethnic Fragmentation as Challenge for Post-Socialist Georgia

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Abashidze Z.

Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne

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2015

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vol. 48

190-206

PL

Artykuł dostarcza podstawowych informacji na temat integracji obywatelskiej w Gruzji. Jako kraj wielonarodowościowy Gruzja w sposób oczywisty doświadcza wielu problemów związanych z integracją narodu. Najliczniejsze mniejszości – Azerowie i Ormianie – są w niedostatecznym stopniu obecne i nienależycie reprezentowane w sferze publicznej. Państwo gruzińskie staje więc przed trudnym problemem włączenia mniejszości do tejże sfery. Z perspektywy międzynarodowej wskazać można kilka modeli rozwiązania kwestii mniejszości. Gruzja powinna zdecydować się na jeden z nich. Brakuje jednak uniwersalnego wzorca postępowania w tej materii. Każdy kraj staje przed osobliwymi trudnościami i przeniesienie obcego modelu akomodacyjnego na lokalny grunt w skali jeden do jednego nie będzie ani właściwe, ani adekwatne. Autor, omawiając perspektywy integracji obywateli, opowiada się za modelem „integracyjnym”, a nie „asymilacją”, „dyferencjacją” czy czystym „multikulturalizmem”. W przypadku asymilacji władze kraju spotkają się z zasadnymi zarzutami ze strony mniejszości dotyczącymi zatracania się ich narodowej tożsamości. Model dyferencjacji oznacza wykluczenie mniejszości ze sfery publicznej. Czysty multikulturalizm będzie zaś prowadził do dalszej fragmentacji kraju. W gruzińskiej rzeczywistości bardziej odpowiedni i możliwy do zrealizowania wydaje się więc model integracji wzbogacony o element multikulturalizmu.

EN

Article is giving the information on basic situation on civic integration in Georgia. Georgia, as multi-ethnic country, is facing the obvious problems with civic integration. The biggest part of the minorities (Azeris and Armenians) are ill-represented and performed in Georgian public. Therefore, Georgian statehood stands against the severe problems of inclusion of minorities in public space. There are number of models of minority accommodation from the international perspectives and experiences. Georgia should choose one of them. However, there is no standard model of such issue. In every case, each country stands vis a vis peculiarities and 100% transplantation of any foreign model on local level is not relevant and adequate. Author, discussing the perspectives of civic integration, is arguing in favor of “integration” model against the “assimilation”, “differentiation” and pure “multiculturalism”. In case of “assimilation”, the country will face the just claims from the minority side about losing their identities. If we adjust the model of “differentiation”, that means to exclude the minorities from public life. Pure “multiculturalism” will stimulate the further fragmentation of the country. “Integration” model with some multicultural element seems more relevant and workable in Georgian realities.

8

Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers and other British Religious Groups in Gdansk in the 17th-18th Centuries

100%

Kościelak S.

Saeculum Christianum. Pismo Historyczne

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2020

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vol. 27

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issue 2

89-102

EN

This article presents the religious aspects of the community of emigrants from the British Isles, mainly Scots, in Gdańsk. They tried to provide for their religious needs already in the Middle Ages, as evidenced by the existence of chapels and altars in some of the churches in Gdansk. After the success of the Reformation, mainly Scottish Presbyterians settled in Gdansk. Clergymen from their home country were brought in for their ministry. Both the Presbyterian clergy and the wealthy Scottish merchant elite of this denomination ruled the sacred building acquired in 1707, called the English Church. However, only few of the Presbyterians living in Gdansk identified with this building - according to legal arrangements, having the character of an “ethnic” temple - together with the Anglicans. Most Scots - by entering into family relationships - slowly melted into the community of the city on the Motława, using other Calvinist facilities. In addition to Presbyterians and very few Anglicans and Catholics there, English radicals, Chialists and Quakers, also tried to settle in Gdansk, but the city's unfavourable legislation and deterrent actions effectively prevented this transfer.

9

Tożsamość kulturowa i wizerunek diaspory w kinie brytyjskim

100%

Loska K.

Kwartalnik Filmowy

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2012

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issue 80

91-100

PL

Tematem artykułu jest zmiana, jaka zaszła w kinematografii europejskiej pod koniec ubiegłego wieku, polegająca na zwrocie ku marginesom i mniejszościom etnicznym. Jak zauważają współcześni badacze (m.in. Andrew Higson), filmy brytyjskie nie przedstawiają już spójnej wizji narodu, a twórcy sugerują raczej, że tożsamość zbiorowa jest konstruowana, o czym przekonuje kino mniejszości narodowych obrazujące życie współczesnych diaspor, zwłaszcza azjatyckich. Problem społeczeństwa wielokulturowego, ukształtowanego przez kolonialną przeszłość, stał się w ostatnich latach zasadniczym wyzwaniem dla współczesnych reżyserów, o czym świadczą dzieła Stephena Frearsa, Gurinder Chadhy, Damiena O’Donnella, Metin Hüseyin i Sarah Gavron. Autorzy omawianych filmów podkreślają, że dzisiejsze terytoria przestają być zamknięte, wyraźnie odgrodzone od sąsiednich, przez co trudniej odróżnić „swoich” od „obcych”, zaś kultury narodowe nie sprawiają wrażenia homogenicznych, gdyż opierają się na przenikaniu i przepływach.

EN

The subject of the article is the change which took place in European cinematography towards the end of the last century, which meant greater attention directed towards the marginalised and the ethnic minorities. As noted by contemporary researchers (such as Andrew Higson), British films no longer present a coherent vision of the national identity. Rather filmmakers suggest that collective identity is something that is constructed, which is the argument present in films dealing with ethnic minorities and showing the everyday life of contemporary diasporas, particularly the Asian ones. The problem of a multicultural society, shaped by colonial past, has become in recent years a major challenge for today’s directors, as evidenced by the works of Stephen Frears, Gurinder Chadha, Damien O’Donnell, Metin Hüseyin and Sarah Gavron. The makers of these films emphasize that today’s territories are no longer closed, clearly separated from their neighbours, making it harder to distinguish between “our people” and “the other, the foreigners”, while national cultures no longer appear to be homogeneous, if only because they are based on cultural penetration and flow.

10

REALIZACJA RZĄDOWEGO PROGRAMU INTEGRACJI SPOŁECZNOŚCI ROMSKIEJ W POLSCE NA PRZYKŁADZIE WOJEWÓDZTWA LUBUSKIEGO

100%

Krzyżanowski P. J.

Polityka i Społeczeństwo

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2018

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issue 2(16)

130-141 (12)

EN

The realization of the governmental program of the integration of the Roma people in the Lubuskie voivodeship is characterized by the understanding of and respect for the Gypsy identity. The assistance that Gypsies receive makes their situation better, especially in the sphere of education. What is more, in the local environment there has been fewer conflicts and troubles between the Roma people and their neighbors. The positive effects of the governmental program result from the dialogue between governmental institutions and the recipients of the program.

11

Kilka uwag odnośnie do języka pomocniczego w świetle ustawy o mniejszościach narodowych i etnicznych oraz o języku regionalnym

89%

Fiktus P.

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne

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2018

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vol. 16

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issue 2

25-41

PL

In accordance with the Act of 6 January 2005 on national and ethnic minorities and regional languages, the so-called auxiliary language was introduced into the Polish legal order. It involves a situation when it is used by a national or ethnic minority in a municipality where they constitute a minimum of 20% of the total population. Then there is the legal possibility of using the minority language on equal terms with the official language, that is the Polish language, before the municipal authorities. This paper presents and describes issues related to the rules of introducing an auxiliary language and situations when it can be used. The existing legislative shortcomings in the form of using phrases that are ill-defined or cause problems of interpretation are pointed out. The auxiliary language, although it can currently be used only in 33 municipalities, is an important element in the functioning of national and ethnic minorities in Poland, as well as is very useful in the relations between the municipality and the residents (belonging to the minority).

12

Současné narativy o „těch druhých“ aneb Verbalizace ohrožení ve veřejném prostoru

88%

Dobrovolná K.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2015

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vol. 25

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issue 4

316 - 323

EN

The study presents results of research into the verbalization of threat to public space. The research was carried out in a part of Western Bohemia through informally transmitted and collectively shared oral texts, namely contemporary legends, rumours and biographical narratives which emphasize the phenomenon of ethnicity perceived by the narrators as a threat to public place. The study is divided into three thematic sections, closely bound to three major folk models of the threat to public space. Firstly, my paper deals with narratives based on the fabrication of the “lifethreatening” ethnic minorities living in the Czech Republic. Secondly, there are narratives linked to a certain type of ethnic fast food restaurants, whose staff is believed to serve contaminated food. And finally, the focus is on narratives concerning all different fears of public space as it is – demonization of certain areas due to the numerous presence of these culturally-fabricated ethnic groups.

13

Czym jest naród Państwa Środka? Zmiany narracji o stosunkach etnicznych w Chinach współczesnych

88%

Golik K.

Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego

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2014

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issue 5(31/1)

243-264

EN

Since the ancient times the non‑sinitic folks caused fear and were an object of disdain among the Chinese. In the twentieth‑century China the concept of a “nation” has been included in the state doctrine. Last three decades has brought a significant change in policy towards minorities, who had been politically incorporated to a “Chinese Nation”. This process was accompanied with an arising of the phenomenon of the „internal orientalism”. The idea of the “Chinese Nation” is present not only in the Chinese political thought but also in the education system and pop culture.

14

The Educational Needs of Prison Staff as Implied by a Multicultural, Multi-ethnic and Multi-religious Prison Population

88%

Łapiński P., Maciejewski J., Markuszewski L.

Internal Security

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2014

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vol. 6(2)

91-106

EN

This article presents the results of a study which aimed to determine the current educational needs of prison staffas a consequence of a multi-religious, multicultural and multi-ethnic prison population. The research was carried out with prisonofficers who were to receive non-commissioned officer training and prison officers undergoing shift commanders training. It turnedout that the graduates of these courses are characterized by some competency deficits which prevent them from personal and activeinvolvement in implementation of certain international standards governing the treatment of prisoners who belong to cultural,ethnic or religious minorities. In their conclusions, the authors emphasize, among others, the need to extend the training providedin order to shape specific competences necessary for working with prisoners who belong to cultural, ethnic or religious minorities.It seems that prison staff training programme in Poland requires reconstruction to allow graduates to gain competences necessaryto perform in prisons with international standards and deal with prisoners from cultural, ethnic and religious minorities. Thispostulate applies to both tolerance issues of those groups and ensuring the implementation of their rights, but also goes beyondresearch presented here and uses the ethical values of various faiths in the rehabilitation process of prisoners.

15

Mathematics failures in girls and ethnic minorities in the perspective of questions about ideologies in education

88%

Kopciewicz L.

Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji

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2013

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vol. 9

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issue 4(23)

15-31

EN

The essence of this article is an attempt to answer the question of what mathematics really is. The manner of public perception of mathematics is significant for many reasons, especially those related to education and social issues. For many years, sociologists of mathematical education have emphasized that mathematics in school functions as a synonym for „an objective judge.” In this article I try to connect a specific set of social problems to the social nature of mathematics as a discipline. These problems are: the problem of women and ethnic minorities, the cultural alienation (and its importance) of many social groups, which is a result of the teaching of mathematics, the role of mathematics in the transmission of values and unequal distribution of power.

16

A Tale of Two Countries: Nation Building and Security Challenges in Myanmar and Indonesia

88%

RUSSELL M.

Przegląd Strategiczny

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2018

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issue 11

409-419

EN

For most of the former European colonies of South and Southeast Asia, the end of the Second World War was also the beginning of the end of colonial rule. With independence came the challenge of unifying disparate ethnic, religious and linguistic communities into cohesive nations– a challenge that some countries met more successfully than others. The price of failure could be high – hundreds of thousands were killed, and many millions displaced in 1947, as inter-communal conflicts tore British India apart. Indonesia declared independence in 1945 (a declaration not recognised by the country’s Dutch colonial rulers until 1949), while Burma (as Myanmar was then known) was granted independence by Britain in 1948. Both countries were able to avoid tragedies on the scale of the Indian Partition. Nevertheless, nation-building has been a difficult and as yet uncompleted process, the source of continuing challenges tonational security. This article looks at the situation in the two countries, traces the origins of some of the current problems, and attempts to explain why Indonesia has generally been more successful in this respect than Myanmar, despite the similarities in the initial situations of the two countries.

17

Ethnicity, Labour and Mobility in the Contemporary Borderland. A Case Study of a Transcarpathian Township

88%

Jóźwiak I.

Central and Eastern European Migration Review

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2014

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vol. 3

|

issue 1

27-39

EN

The article explores the connections between social, political, economic and ethnic processes in the Ukrainian-Romanian borderland. The aim is to describe how borderlanders work out strategies to overcome the contradictions inherent in the state border. The study is based on ethnographical fieldwork (participant and non-participant observation) conducted in a small town, a former mining centre, in the region of Transcarpathia in Western Ukraine. I point to the political changes in the late 20th and early 21st centuries (the collapse of the Soviet bloc and Ukraine neighbours’ integration in the European Union) and their impact on local social life. The crucial aspect, linked to the town’s geographical setting, is the role of the state border, which changes in accordance with the political changes in the region and in Europe. First, the collapse of the communist dictatorships in Ukraine and Romania resulted in the opening of the border and an increase in cross-border contacts. However, in the first decade of the 21st century, Romania tightened its passport and visa regulations for Ukrainian citizens. Another factor is the complete disintegration of the mining industry and local labour market, resulting in significant changes in occupational patterns and a greater role of the border in respect of labour migration and shuttle trade. I also acknowledge local ethnic composition and argue that the use of ethno-national symbolism, languages, relations between ethnic minorities and their ‘external homelands’ constitute an inherent element of the strategies to overcome the lack of regular employment and poverty.

18

Rynek pracy w Federacji Rosyjskiej – czy kobiety i mniejszości etniczne są równo traktowane na rosyjskim rynku pracy?

88%

Jarosz P., Bogacka W., Ciźla W., Kupiec J.

Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie

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2023

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vol. 1(37)

115-137

EN

Already existing sources considering women and ethnic minorities in Russian Federation point out to the inequity in treating these groups on the Russian labor market. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic and the recent war between Russia and Ukraine arises question whether situation of previously discriminated groups has changed? Not only this is crucial for considered groups due to the crisis caused by the pandemic but also due to growing needs of the Russian army and another crisis caused by international sanctions. In this paper authors using desk research describe already existing position of women and ethnic minorities on the labor market in Russia and answer the question whether these social groups are treated equally in comparison to other groups existing on the labor market. This article also presents analysis of potential change in the approach to groups considered in the presented research.

19

The (Non)Memory of “Ethnic Childhood” as a Dimension of Cultural Heritage

88%

Kożyczkowska A.

Kultura i Edukacja

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2023

|

issue 4(142)

9-22

EN

Today, ethnic minorities have entered the second wave of emancipation. They are fighting for the right to cultural autonomy, the right to have their own past, history and social memory. The aim of the article is to learn how ethnic minorities “recover” lost social memory in the area of childhood memory and how they work to create ethnic identity again. The text is composed of four parts. The first presents selected aspects of childhood culture. The second is presents Pierre Nora’s concept of memory. The third is presents the results of research on selected ethnic literary texts (Kashubian and Silesian). The author’s conducted semantic and structural analyzes (in the approach of Roland Barthes and Paul Ricoeur). The analyzes allowed us to recognize ethnic childhood as a space of existential suffering and a time of loss of ethnic identity. The answer – in childhood and adulthood – are specific identity strategies. they are aids in constructing a new ethnic identity. The fourth part is Summary and reflection closing the text.

20

Matematyczne niepowodzenia dziewcząt i mniejszości etnicznych. Przyczyny, wyjaśnienia, środki zaradcze w świetle ideologii edukacyjnych

88%

Kopciewicz L.

Kultura i Edukacja

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2013

|

issue 2(95)

29-55

EN

In this article I discuss the question: „What is mathematics really all about?” How mathematics is viewed is significant on many levels, especially in education and society. For many years, sociologists of mathematics education, have stressed that mathematics acts as a gatekeeper: mathematics more than any other subject, has been cast in the role as an ,,objective” judge. The main purpose of this article is to conjoin several sets of problems such as the mathematical underparticipation of women and ethnic minorities , the sense of cultural alienation from mathematics felt by many social groups, mathematics in the process of transmission of social and political values, its role in the unequal distribution of power and the social nature of mathematics as a discipline.

Refine search results

Changes in the Economic Situation of the Transylvanian Catholic Community After the Trianon Treaty, with Special Regard to the Estates Managed by the “Erdélyi Katolikus Státus” (Transylvanian Catholic Státus)

The Debate of the Romanian Concordat from the Perspective of Hungarian Catholics in the Twenties of the 20th Century

Edukacja mniejszości romskiej w Polsce

Изменения в жизни санкт-петербургских немцев в конце XIX – начале ХХ века

Multiculturalism in education in Spain

Hutsulshchyna and Public Progress

Ethnic Fragmentation as Challenge for Post-Socialist Georgia

Anglicans, Presbyterians, Quakers and other British Religious Groups in Gdansk in the 17th-18th Centuries

Tożsamość kulturowa i wizerunek diaspory w kinie brytyjskim

REALIZACJA RZĄDOWEGO PROGRAMU INTEGRACJI SPOŁECZNOŚCI ROMSKIEJ W POLSCE NA PRZYKŁADZIE WOJEWÓDZTWA LUBUSKIEGO

Kilka uwag odnośnie do języka pomocniczego w świetle ustawy o mniejszościach narodowych i etnicznych oraz o języku regionalnym

Současné narativy o „těch druhých“ aneb Verbalizace ohrožení ve veřejném prostoru

Czym jest naród Państwa Środka? Zmiany narracji o stosunkach etnicznych w Chinach współczesnych

The Educational Needs of Prison Staff as Implied by a Multicultural, Multi-ethnic and Multi-religious Prison Population

Mathematics failures in girls and ethnic minorities in the perspective of questions about ideologies in education

A Tale of Two Countries: Nation Building and Security Challenges in Myanmar and Indonesia

Ethnicity, Labour and Mobility in the Contemporary Borderland. A Case Study of a Transcarpathian Township

Rynek pracy w Federacji Rosyjskiej – czy kobiety i mniejszości etniczne są równo traktowane na rosyjskim rynku pracy?

The (Non)Memory of “Ethnic Childhood” as a Dimension of Cultural Heritage

Matematyczne niepowodzenia dziewcząt i mniejszości etnicznych. Przyczyny, wyjaśnienia, środki zaradcze w świetle ideologii edukacyjnych