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EN
This study investigated EFL learners’ perspectives about their vocabulary learning experiences via a smartphone application. An online demographic questionnaire was used for recruiting 50 EFL learners from a language teaching channel in Telegram messenger required to use a smartphone application called Vocabulary Flashcards 2016 for a month. After finishing the sampling procedure, the participants were asked to take part in Dialang online diagnostic test to specify their vocabulary level proficiency based on CEFR (Common European Framework of Reference). The quantitative and qualitative data were collected utilizing evaluation questionnaires and semi-structured interviews respectively. The evaluation questionnaire adapted from Chapelle’s (2001) evaluation criterion was used to evaluate the application from the users’ perspectives. This study investigated the effects of learners’ proficiency level and gender differences on using the application, and their perspectives on the negative and positive aspects of the application were also uncovered. The findings showed that the users held positive attitudes towards the application because it influenced their learning positively and provided them with both form and meaning-focused instruction, but they were dissatisfied with the app’s levels and authenticity. Results of independent t-test and ANOVA respectively showed that gender and vocabulary proficiency level did not make significant difference on participants’ app usage patterns. The findings of this study highlighted the users’ localized needs which could be used as guidelines for customized vocabulary apps’ development purposes. The study’s implications for learners, teachers, and app developers are discussed in detail.
EN
The development of the knowledge-based economy requires undertaking many actions aimed at increasing competitiveness of enterprises. These actions include, among others, the execution of strategic research programs, which are characterized by a great number of levels, a multitude of objectives and results, and high budgets. In order for the program to be managed correctly, it is necessary to have a complex and effective evaluation system dedicated to such types of programs. The article presents a global case study analysis of the evaluation of strategic research programs. The author examines the evaluation criteria and methods used in the evaluation processes at different structural levels of the programs and different times. After getting the results from the analysis, then the author indicates the gaps, which appeared during the evaluation process, and indicates what steps should be taken in order to improve the evaluation process of a strategic research program.
EN
The models of estimation quality of students’ vocational training of different researchers have been analyzed. According to the author the general technique of evaluating the quality of vocational training of students consists of techniques of estimating the applicants’ level of knowledge, methods of estimating processes, methods of evaluation of students’ achievements, their self-assessment techniques, methods of estimating the employer and society. The article points out that greater objectivity the quality of future professionals’ training assessment gain when different approaches are used together. In this case, the technique will facilitate the development of set of assessment criteria, which include the general requirements for the quality of training for all areas of knowledge, and will serve as a fundamental theoretical basis of evaluating the quality of professional training in higher educational institutions. For example, in the evaluating of the training quality of future specialists may implemented such indicators that would meet the qualitative characteristics of a modern specialist model (analysis of the development of professional, personal, creative qualities of the students). It’s emphasizes that personality formation occurs in the process of influence on his/her cultural environment of higher education. Therefore, to form a bright, creative, highly individual student is extremely important to create the University of humanitarian professionally oriented environment. Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University in its activities orients on the professional training that will meet the modern requirements of the labor market. The university developed a multi-tiered system of quality vocational training of students of economic specialties. It is concluded that the level of knowledge of the graduates, ethical and social maturity are the determining factors for successful learning at the university. Therefore, the quality management system of the university education should be comprehensive, covering all the stages of education, including pre-university preparation, direct training in the universities and support of the graduates in the field of their use in production. The author states that the model of the estimation of students training of economic specialities will be developed and described in the further studies.
Path of Science
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2018
|
vol. 4
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issue 12
1021-1030
UK
У статті висвітлено результати дослідження стосовно формування незалежної думки про достовірність фінансової звітності, яка відображається у звіті аудитора та базується на сформованих ним проміжних висновках. Встановлено, що визначення достатності обсягу доказів становить проблему, яка полягає в ухваленні рішення аудитором з питання, який їх обсяг є достатнім, щоб бути упевненим в правильності наявної у нього думки щодо достовірності фінансової звітності. Проведено дослідження методичних підходів до оцінки достатності аудиторських доказів, в процесі виконання завдання з аудиту, з метою забезпечення доказовості аудиторського судження стосовно достовірності тверджень управлінського персоналу, які містяться в показниках фінансової звітності. У статті наведено результати дослідження підходів науковців щодо якісних та кількісних характеристик аудиторських доказів. На підставі аналізу положень Міжнародних стандартів контролю якості, аудиту, огляду, іншого надання впевненості та супутніх послуг (МСА) та літературних джерел, ідентифіковано основні критерії оцінки аудиторських доказів, визначено їхній зміст та умови забезпечення. Розглянуто взаємозв’язок між аудиторськими процедурами та якісними аспектами фінансової звітності. З урахуванням вимог правил здійснення оцінки надійності доказів, передбачених МСА 500 «Аудиторські докази», проведено групування доказів на більш та менш надійні, а також сформовано узагальнюючі чинники для врахування у процесі оцінки надійності доказів. Розглянуто процес оцінки доказів за етапами виконання завдання з аудиту та побудовано концептуальну модель оцінки достатності аудиторських доказів. На підставі проведеного дослідження сформовано висновок про те, що доказовість судження аудитора щодо обраної форми аудиторської думки напряму залежить від результатів комплексної оцінки зібраних аудиторських доказів на всіх етапах виконання завдання з аудиту. Результати дослідження надають можливість достатньої деталізації процесу планування аудиторських процедур, для цілей отримання доречних аудиторських доказів, їх оцінки на відповідність встановленим критеріям, прийняття аудитором обґрунтованих рішень та дозволить зменшити ризики помилок судження аудитора.
EN
The article presents the results of the study on the formation of an independent opinion of the reliability of financial accounting, which is reflected in the auditor’s report and is based on his intermediate conclusions. It has been established that determining the sufficiency of evidence presents a problem that consists in the auditor’s decision on the extent to which they are sufficient to prove the accuracy of his opinion as to the reliability of financial accounting. The study of methodological approaches to assessing the adequacy of audit evidence in the process of performing the audit task was conducted in order to provide evidence of the audit opinion regarding the reliability of the statements of management personnel, contained in the financial report indicators. The article presents the results of the research of scientific approaches concerning the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of audit evidence. Based on the analysis of the provisions of the International Standards on Quality Control, Audit, Inspection, Other Assurance and Related Services (ISA) and literary sources, the main criteria for evaluating audit evidence were identified, their content and terms of security were determined. The relationship between audit procedures and qualitative aspects of financial reporting was considered. Taking into account the requirements of the rules for assessing the reliability of the evidence, provided by the ISA 500 “Audit Evidence”, division of evidence into more and less reliable was made; generalized factors for the consideration in the process of assessing the reliability of evidence were generated. The process of assessing evidence at the stages of the audit task was considered and a conceptual model for assessing the adequacy of audit evidence was constructed. On the basis of the conducted research, it was concluded that the evidence of the auditor’s judgment regarding the chosen form of the audit opinion depends directly on the results of the integrated assessment of the collected audit evidence at all stages of the audit task. The results of the study provide an opportunity to adequately elaborate the process of planning the audit procedures, for the purpose of obtaining relevant audit evidence, their assessment of compliance with the established criteria, the auditor’s making well-grounded decisions, which will reduce the risks of errors in the auditor’s judgment.
EN
In the paper the triune nature and the main methodological components of humanistic expertise are shown: “attribution to value”, “attribution to science”, and “attribution to practice”. The specifics of the conservative, critical, and projective expert position is explicated. The author considers the ways to increase social significance of humanistic expertise in modern conditions.
RU
Обоснован триединый характер и проанализированы основные методологические компоненты гуманитарной экспертизы: «отнесение к ценности», «отнесение к науке» и «отнесение к практике»; эксплицирована специфика консервативной, критической и проективной позиции эксперта. Рассмотрены пути повышения общественной значимости гуманитарной экспертизы в современных условиях.
EN
This paper focuses on hierarchical clustering of categorical data and compares two approaches which can be used for this task. The first one, an extremely common approach, is to perform a binary transformation of the categorical variables into sets of dummy variables and then use the similarity measures suited for binary data. These similarity measures are well examined, and they occur in both commercial and non-commercial software. However, a binary transformation can possibly cause a loss of information in the data or decrease the speed of the computations. The second approach uses similarity measures developed for the categorical data. But these measures are not so well examined as the binary ones and they are not implemented in commercial software. The comparison of these two approaches is performed on generated data sets with categorical variables and the evaluation is done using both the internal and the external evaluation criteria. The purpose of this paper is to show that the binary transformation is not necessary in the process of clustering categorical data since the second approach leads to at least comparably good clustering results as the first approach.
EN
In this paper we would like to introduce our way of thinking about approaches to students in the term of e-learning use in the context of a multicultural society. We are focusing on the question of developing the information competencies in the environment of multicultural education. This paper also provides examples of good practice especially when teaching via e-learning platform, LMS Moodle, at the University of Žilina.
PL
Od lat jednym z priorytetów jest wprowadzanie nowoczesnych rozwiązań technologicznych w celu wsparcia i uatrakcyjnienia procesu kształcenia językowego. Coraz częściej zwraca się także uwagę na dostosowanie programu i metod nauczania do nowego typu odbiorców nazwanych przez Marca Prensky’ego cyfrowymi tubylcami. Artykuł wpisuje się w krąg prac poszukujących odpowiedzi na pytanie, w jakim stopniu wymienione postulaty są realizowane na gruncie glottodydaktyki polonistycznej. Jego celem jest przedstawienie dostępnych zasobów internetowych, stworzonych z myślą o cudzoziemcach uczących się języka polskiego oraz osobach polskiego pochodzenia na stałe mieszkających za granicą. Ocena materiałów została dokonana według ustalonych kryteriów merytorycznych, dydaktycznych i technicznych. Na tle poddanych analizie zasobów internetowych zaprezentowano autorski program Po polsku po Polsce, przeznaczony do zintegrowanego kształcenia językowo-kulturowego na poziomie A1.
EN
For years one of the priorities has been the implementation of innovative technological solutions aimed at supporting and enhancing interest in language learning. Increasingly attention is drawn to the need for teaching programmes and methods to be modified to appeal to a new type of recipient, that called by Prensky native computer users. The paper consequently joins the ranks of those works that search for an answer to the question as to what extent the aforementioned postulates find realisation within the field of teaching Polish as a language. The paper aims to present the Internet sources available which have been devised with foreigners learning Polish in mind as well as those individuals of Polish provenance living permanently abroad, this on the basis of developed sets of evaluation criteria. Given the extensive nature of the topic, attention has been paid only to those proposals (platforms, programmes, applications) which allow one to learn (also as self-study) and teach through the medium of distance learning. Presented against the background of those sources analyzed is the programme Po polsku po Polsce devised as an integrated cultural-language course of instruction for those at the level of A1.
PL
Celem artykułu jest ustalenie, w jakim zakresie i w jaki sposób należy dokonywać ewaluacji wartości informacji dostępnej w systemie informacyjnym podczas oceny jej jakości. Taka ocena, zwłaszcza dla systemów działających w Internecie, jest bezwzględnie konieczna z powodu nieustannego, bardzo szybkiego powiększania się dostępnych tam zasobów informacji, ponoszenia zbędnych kosztów ekonomicznych ich złej jakości oraz związanych z tym nowych, niekorzystnych zjawisk społecznych. Jakość informacji jest kategorią wielowymiarową i wymaga oceny bardzo wielu różnych atrybutów. Czy wśród konceptualnych modeli oceny jakości informacji są takie, które wymagają również dokonywania oceny wartości informacji? Z jakimi atrybutami jakości jest powiązana wartość informacji? Jakie są koncepcje i jak można w praktyce dokonywać oceny wartości informacji w systemie informacyjnym? Są to tylko niektóre pytania, na które starano się udzielić odpowiedzi realizując podjęty cel opracowania. Jako metodę badawczą zastosowano analizę porównawczą najbardziej znanych w literaturze modeli oceny jakości informacji w systemie informacyjnym. Efektem rozważań są wnioski w odniesieniu do praktyki oceny jakości informacji. Dotyczą one po pierwsze usytuowania kryterium wartości informacji w strukturze wymiarów jakości informacji. Po drugie dotyczą możliwych metod i technik ewaluacji wartości informacji realizowanych na potrzeby oceny jakości informacji w systemie informacyjnym. Stwierdzono, że jako metodę pomiaru wartości informacji w analizowanych modelach proponuje się metodę sondażu.
EN
The purpose of the article is to determine to what extent and how to evaluate the value of information available in the information system when assessing its quality. Such an evaluation, especially for systems operating on the Internet, is absolutely necessary because of the constant and rapid growth of the information resources available there, bearing the unnecessary economic costs of their poor quality and related to that negative social phenomena. The quality of information is a multidimensional category and requires evaluation of great number of different attributes. Are there among conceptual models for evaluating the quality of information also such that require evaluating the value of information? What quality attributes are associated with the value of information? What are the concepts and how one can evaluate the value of information in an information system in practice? These are just some of the questions that the author is trying to answer in this article. As a research method, comparative analysis of the best literature known models of information quality assessment in the information system was used. The results of the considerations are conclusions regarding the practice of evaluating the quality of information. They concern, firstly, the emplacement of the criterion of information value in the dimension structure of information quality. Secondly, they relate to the possible methods and techniques for evaluating the value of information that is used to assess the quality of information in the information system. It was concluded that the proposed method of measuring the value of information in analysed models is the method of a survey.
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