Search results

1

Dar i wina Darwina

100%

Kosowska E.

Świat i Słowo

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2010

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vol. 2010, nr 1(14)

37-48

EN

Evolutionism unintentionally laid foundations of the industrial ethos, sanctioned the idea of competition and a new type of social hierarchy, gave pragmatism an alibi, and at the same time shook the foundations of individualism. At present it has become a transparent paradigm – we pay no attention to it, or even deny it, while accepting many of its distinctive determinants. Today, evolution is, as it may seem, not only a proven process of gradual transformations in the natural and social life, but also a fundamental epistemological metaphor, whose sense cannot be attained fully, but whose heuristic power still influences us. The ambiguity of this influence is reflected in the ambivalent attitude to Charles Darwin, who became, on the one hand, an icon of evolutionism, and on the other hand a victim of its methodological attractiveness.

2

Edward Forbes (1815–1854) – kreacjonista, który przyczynił się do rozwoju ewolucjonizmu

80%

Malec G.

Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki

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2016

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vol. 61

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issue 2

33–55

EN

Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species appeared in bookshops in 1859. The history of the publication has been discussed in many publications. It is often stressed that Darwin had decided to publish the theory after reading a letter from Alfred Russel Wallace, who independently drew similar conclusion. However, in a detailed investigation into the history of evolutionism, contribution of Edward Forbesto making the theory public should also be acknowledged. This less known to the contemporaries British naturalist had died (at the age of 39) before Darwin’s opus magnum was published. Forbes’ premature death was considered a great tragedy for the world of natural science. He was a creationist and stated that the paleontological data unambiguously indicate that the new species are not the result of transmutation but are God’s creation. The aim of this publication is to present Forbes’ contribution to the development of the theory publically criticized by him.

3

Про етичні погляди Степана Балея

80%

Iwanyk S.

Studia Ucrainica Varsoviensia

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2015

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vol. 3

291-298

PL

The purpose of my paper is an attempt to defi ne the essence of Stefan Baley’s ethical views. In acheiving this goal, fi rst I present a brief outline of the content of Baley’s article entitled “The concept of moral good and evil in modern philosophy” (1912), then I try to identify the main features of Baley’s ethical ideas, to reveal their direct theoretical origins, and to find out what the significance of these ideas for Ukrainian society is.

4

Kanibale w ogrodzie Ewolucjonizm i jego demitologizacja w Jądrze ciemności Josepha Conrada

80%

Pacukiewicz M.

Świat i Słowo

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2010

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vol. 2010, nr 1(14)

104-120

EN

Joseph Conrad in his works frequently tests contemporary scientific theories and ideologies by re-applying them to the ‘real’ world of the common thought (Allan Hunter’s notice) and confronting with a different cultural context. In the same way the writer deals with evolutionism: we find a lot of references to Darwinian “survival of the fittest” theory, Spencer’s social evolutionism and Huxley’s ethical considerations in Conrad’s works. In Heart of Darkness the writer travesties the metaphor of civilization as a garden which should be cultivated according to the universal rules of the “horticultural process”, the metaphor used by Huxley in Prolegomena to the Evolution and Ethics. Doing this, Conrad tends towards examining the ethical limitations of evolutionary theory applied as a justification for colonial genocide. Simultaneously, pointing to the necessity of synchronous and contextual approach to the problem of cultural relativism the writer tries to transcend the linear scheme of evolution based on the simplified opposition between nature and civilization.

5

Sztuka i dobór naturalny

80%

Dutton D.

Kultura-Społeczeństwo-Edukacja

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2015

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vol. 8

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issue 2

163-181

PL

The relation between art and the idea of natural selection makes the key issue of this paper. The author examines how Charles Darwin's conc ept of evolution might have affected the sphere of aesthetics. However, the author arguments against understanding of art as a side product of human progress and takes it as an independent form of human agency. The critique of various evolutionary standpoints laid out in this article holds to the standpoint that we cannot recreate with other means the moments of pleasure delivered by art. Thus it is extremely important to understand art as a form of human creativity and a neces sary part of our existence beyond biological determinism stressed out by many evolutionary thinkers.

6

EVOLUTIONARY CHANGE IS A JOURNEY: From Darwin to Dawkins

80%

Drogosz A.

Acta Neophilologica

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2013

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issue XV/2

19-29

EN

The objective of this paper is to investigate the role of the metaphor EVOLUTIONARY CHANGE IS A JOURNEY in the text of its original appearance (Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species) and its later developments (texts by Richard Dawkins). An analysis of selected examples allows a conclusion that EVOLUTIONARY CHANGE IS A JOURNEY is a theoryconstitutive metaphor for evolutionism. The paper also proposes an extended understanding of the whole concept of theory-constitutive metaphor.

7

A Textual Analysis of John Paul II’s Teaching on Evolution

80%

Chaberek M.

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2019

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vol. 8

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issue 2

231-247

EN

The author considers John Paul II’s treatment of the topic of evolution in order to retrieve its full content. He starts with an analysis of the Pope’s 1996 Address to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, especially addressing the problem of the meaning of the words that “the theory of evolution . . . [is] more than a hypothesis,” and the problem of hominization. Then, he explores papal statements from 1985 and 1986. Finally, he concludes that John Paul II’s teaching on evolution appears as fragmentary and ambiguous and, as such, requires greater precision and further development, especially for the sake of the Catholic theology of creation.

8

TEORIA EWOLUCJI KULTUROWEJ I SPOŁECZNEJ WALTERA GARRISONA RUNCIMANA

71%

Kaczmarek K. M.

Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny

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2013

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vol. 75

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issue 1

233-247

EN

Walter Garrison Runciman’s recent work The Theory of Cultural and Social Selection is a new attempt to create a sociological theory of evolution based on neodarwinism. It is also an important step extending beyond the previous propositions of dual inheritance theory as well as memetics. However, selectionism, a paradigm developed in it by the use of simplified evolutionary biology, requires a reduction of a society to simple population of heritable units of selection and a similar reduction of culture. Runciman has failed to convincingly integrate the neodarwinian populational approach with his own sociological system. One of the main reason for his failure is, in my opinion, his radical break with the classical tradition of sociology.

PL

Ostatnia praca Waltera Garrisona Runcimana The Theory of Cultural and Social Selection stanowi nową próbę zbudowania socjologicznej teorii ewolucji na podstawie neodarwinizmu oraz znacznie wychodzi poza dotychczasowe propozycje: torii podwójnego dziedziczenia oraz memetyki. Jednakże selekcjonizm ¬– paradygmat, który w niej rozwija, ze względu na zastosowanie uproszczonej biologii ewolucyjnej wymaga zredukowania społeczeństwa do prostej populacji jednostek dziedzicznego doboru i podobnej redukcji kultury. Runciman nie połączył przekonująco neodarwinowskiego populacyjnego podejścia ze swoim własnym systemem socjologicznym. Jednym z głównych powodów jego niepowodzenia jest, moim zdaniem, radykalne zerwanie z klasyczną tradycją socjologii.

9

Ewolucjonizm wobec kwestii: natura versus kultura – konteksty edukacyjne

70%

Mieszalski S.

Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny

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2019

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vol. 64(2 (252))

24-37

PL

The main purpose of the article is to show the opposition of nature and culture in the perspective of evolutionism in order to explain some repeatedly criticised features of school education such as school programs detached from everyday life, detachment of cognition from action or the necessity to constantly mobilise students to learn. Evolutionism alleviates the opposition of nature and culture by showing specific phases of human evolution. One of the positions presented in the article describes the evolution of man as the successive stages of adaptation to three worlds: physical, social and cultural. We carry the traces of these adaptations in ourselves today and find their influence in school education.

10

Księdza profesora Kazimierza Waisa propozycja zharmonizowania nauki i wiary w kwestii pochodzenia człowieka

70%

Farnik Ł.

Semina Scientiarum

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2012

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vol. 11

EN

This paper is aimed to present Kazimierz Wais’ considerations on the concept of the origin of man. Kazimierz Wais (1865-1934) was a Polish philosopher and theologian, a professor at the University of L’viv. In his publications, Wais criticized the purely naturalistic theory of the origin of man and presented a positive theory not inconsistent with the Biblical description; he also commented on the issue of the origin of human soul. His views were strongly affected by neo-Thomistic philosophy. The paper shows Wais’ attempts to prove the harmony of science and faith regarding the origin of man. His reflections are presented and critically commented.

11

Expert views on the evolution – creation controversy. A survey report

70%

Bugajak G., Tomczyk J.

Studia Philosophiae Christianae

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2020

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vol. 56

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issue 4

29-52

EN

This paper presents sample results from a poll conducted among experts (scientists, philosophers and theologians) regarding the roots of the controversy between the evolutionary account of human origin and religious convictions about creation. It appears that the position one takes in this controversy is influenced much more by one’s opinions than professional background. The controversy is usually only seemingly ‘solved’ at the level of a priori assumptions, erroneous definitions of ‘evolutionism’ and ‘creationism’, semantic viewpoints, epistemological positions and pragmatic choices. The core issues in the controversy (e.g., the role and meaning of chance in random evolutionary factors versus divine providence, or problems stemming from a body-soul dualistic anthropology) are widely neglected and do not play a significant role in deciding one’s views on the matter.

12

Globalism of evolutionism

70%

Hałaczek B.

Studia Philosophiae Christianae

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2020

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vol. 56

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issue S2

115-136

EN

The phenomenon of globalization, which is well known in the economy, can nowadays be observed also in the area of science. It is based on the fact that more and more scientific disciplines are applying the same explanatory principle, namely the theory of evolution. Therefore, every development, including that of man, according to the pattern of genetic reproduction, takes place on the basis of natural selection. With psychological properties, mental abilities and social behaviours, which are eloquently referred to as “memes”, it is as with genes: only those that are better, stronger, more capable of surviving will survive after accidental changes and only they will be passed on. In short, reproduction regulates and controls human behaviour. Such a way of thinking and explanation can be found today in many publications on sociobiology and evolutionary psychology. Even if they present many new details, they pay tribute to the old human desire to explain everything in a simple way, according to the same scheme. The same expectation towards science was expressed by E. Haeckel in the 19th century and J. Monod in the 20th century. However, when these two biologists explained man as a whole based on the theory of evolution, they admitted that they referred to philosophy, to which contemporary representatives of sociobiology and evolutionary psychology cannot or do not want to confess.

13

La Création de Quinet et la logique du vivant : une épistémologie imaginaire

70%

Séginger G.

Studia Romanica Posnaniensia

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2017

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vol. 44

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issue 4

141-157

EN

Quinet studies the logic of life in natural history, history and the arts from an epistemological viewpoint. He shows interesting similarities between different fields of study, and he explains the specificity of the épistémè of the 19th century. This paper will show the impact of the concept of the unity of knowledge on the writing of Quinet’s book, and the ideological and religious implications.

14

Piotra Chmielowskiego argumenty przeciw poetom i poezji (w Zarysie literatury z ostatnich lat szesnastu)

70%

Ratajczak W.

Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka

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2012

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issue 19

75-84

EN

The article discusses the arguments against poetry that were used in Piotr Chmielowski’s Zarys literatury polskiej z ostatnich lat szesnastu [An outline of the literature of the last sixteen years] by its author. The critic’s intention was to diminish the significance of poetry and, in effect, to push poetry to the margin of literary life. To achieve that, Chmielowski presented a number of examples where modern poetry was not capable of grappling with the problems and challenges of the modern world. Chmielowski also instilled a vision in which writing poems itself appeared to be atavistic and as a relic of an earlier stage of evolution. Since lyric poetry made a particular core of literature, to challenge its position in literature in the name of progress made it possible to question all traditional “authorities”. The author of Zarys indicated examples testifying to the vitality of the novel and future possibilities in the development of this particular genre, whereas his formulated accusations against poetry and poets included their general bad condition (physical, mental and psychical). In addition, Chmielowski accused poetry of insincerity and untruthfulness. With regard to the poetics of the discussed poems, Chmielowski just limited himself to briefly formulated allegations and objections of their rhetoricality and epigonic character.

15

Two Monologues: Feminist ‘Femininity’ and Evolutionary ‘Masculinity’: Analysis of Two Research Paradigms of Sexuality

61%

Łuczaj K.

Kultura i Społeczeństwo

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2014

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vol. 58

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issue 1

21-39

EN

The author analyzes attitudes to the phenomenon of sexuality on the basis of two theoretical perspectives, the evolutionary and the feminist, between which there has long been conflict. In his opinion, however, they are only seemingly contrary. The main texts of both trends of thought concern entirely different problems and at the substantive level there is basically no contradiction between them. It is important that evolutionary theory often undermines existing cultural schemas, although this is rarely perceived by proponents of feminist theories. Evolutionists, in turn, rather too often identify feminism with radical social constructivism. Another extreme is a view that could be described as evolutionary sexism, consisting in justifying the gender status quo by reference to biological essentialism. After elimination of the extreme approaches, which are rare in any case, it is possible to use the results of evolutionary research in the debate over gender equality and to transform the two monologues into a cohesive dialogue; this, in the author’s opinion, is an important task for empirically oriented social theory

16

Geneza i rozwój nierówności społecznych w paradygmatach badawczych archeologii. Zarys problematyki

61%

Marciniak A., Tabaczyński S.

Przegląd Archeologiczny

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2017

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vol. 65

45-52

EN

The article brings about an analysis of major conceptualizations of processes leading to the emergence and development of social complexity and inequality, which have been formulated within major paradigms of contemporary archaeology. The most significant contribution to these issues was offered by archaeologies inspired by functionalism and neoevolutionism. These attempts corresponded with an attempt to turn archaeology into a nomothetic discipline. Of different character were works inspired by Marxism, Neomarxism, and poststructuralism. They offered a valuable contribution to the conceptualization of the means of achieving social goals and performing social roles by different actors.

17

Stanisław Estreicher - zapominany mistrz Bronisława Malinowskiego

61%

Pałecki K.

Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie

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2016

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vol. 21

7-27

EN

In the paper, its author aims to show the degree to which the influence of just a single person, Stefan Estreicher, shaped the earliest knowledge of a student, fresh science graduate and young PhD at the Jagiellonian University, Bronisław Malinowski; the influence of a man that Malinowski deemed to be his master, “his professor”, and, with time, his good friend. We quote Stanisław Estreicher’s most important thoughts, which were often common truths of his times and, to an even higher extent, of the intellectual circles he belonged to. They later appeared in Bronisław Malinowski’s works, often in their edited versions or as specific “reference points” in the issues he addressed.

18

Korelacja etyki z gospodarką w doktrynie Herberta Spencera

61%

Górecki O. A.

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2010

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vol. 13

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issue 2

EN

Herbert Spencer is one of the most distinguished representatives of Nineteenth-Century liberalism. Originality of his doctrine is based on combined concepts of social evolutionism with postulates of conservative liberalism. Ethics of an individual were the conceptual point of his philosophical reflection. Thus he believed that a free market economy is the economic foundation of ethical and material development of every individual. Material development may be summarized as achieving ever improving results of performed actions. According to Spencer, the free market critically assesses the quality of goods through increasing demand for goods of better quality. In this manner effective producers develop, because they achieve greater gain from their work. Moral development of an individual is in turn focused on continuous self-improvement. Through developing his skills a man increases the quality of actions carried out by him or of objects that he creates. The “law of equal freedom” – also described by Spencer – is in direct connection with the aforementioned issues. This rule states that every man has the right to do anything, as long as his actions do not infringe upon the freedom of another man which is defined in exactly the same manner. Thus the law of equal freedom can be characterized as a negative freedom if juxtaposed with relations that occur between individuals themselves or between individuals and the state. Combining of ethical and economic topics leads to the presentation of inhibitions that, according to Spencer, should be placed upon the activity of the State in the field of economy. Spencer believed that the State should not interfere with the economy, since all individuals should be granted full freedom of participating in comply with their own interests.

19

Wyjątkowy status człowieka w przyrodzie? Nauki ewolucyjne a chrześcijańska antropologia

57%

Trombik K.

Semina Scientiarum

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2018

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vol. 17

EN

The article discusses the problem of the christian concept of the human person in theological and philosophical context, and with reference to evolutionary sciences. It was pointed out that the naturalistic evolutionism undermines the most important assumptions (especially thesis proclaiming the unique status of human in nature), which is based on christian anthropology. In this paper it was also an attempt to justify that philosophical reflection can be important in the analysis of problems located between science and religion (among others the issue of the origin, nature and destiny of man). The question about new type of christian philosophy is a challenge in theology, which will be obliged – because of the changing image of the world and man – to modify its foundations, rooted mainly in the Thomistic metaphysics so far. Besides, in the context of issues relating to the meaning of human life it indicates that there is a need to develop such a philosophy, which is based on the achievements of natural science, and would be in dialogue with the contemporary humanities.

20

Koncepcje stworzenia człowieka u początku XXI wieku

51%

Kosche M.

Roczniki Teologii Dogmatycznej

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2013

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vol. 5(60)

191-204

EN

The great variety of conceptions of the genesis of man and the world is amazing. Even their classification is an extremely difficult thing, not to mention an attempt to assess their conformity to the teaching of the Church. According to the key accepted in the present article strictly theological theories (theological and biblical creationism) and progressive creationism aspire to be in conformity with the Catholic teaching. Theistic evolutionism also could be accepted on certain conditions and understood in a certain way, although the author expresses his skeptical attitude as to the possibility of presenting such an interpretation of it that still would not be progressive creationism, and would overcome all the aporias indicated in the analysis.

Refine search results

Dar i wina Darwina

Edward Forbes (1815–1854) – kreacjonista, który przyczynił się do rozwoju ewolucjonizmu

Про етичні погляди Степана Балея

Kanibale w ogrodzie Ewolucjonizm i jego demitologizacja w Jądrze ciemności Josepha Conrada

Sztuka i dobór naturalny

EVOLUTIONARY CHANGE IS A JOURNEY: From Darwin to Dawkins

A Textual Analysis of John Paul II’s Teaching on Evolution

TEORIA EWOLUCJI KULTUROWEJ I SPOŁECZNEJ WALTERA GARRISONA RUNCIMANA

Ewolucjonizm wobec kwestii: natura versus kultura – konteksty edukacyjne

Księdza profesora Kazimierza Waisa propozycja zharmonizowania nauki i wiary w kwestii pochodzenia człowieka

Expert views on the evolution – creation controversy. A survey report

Globalism of evolutionism

La Création de Quinet et la logique du vivant : une épistémologie imaginaire

Piotra Chmielowskiego argumenty przeciw poetom i poezji (w Zarysie literatury z ostatnich lat szesnastu)

Two Monologues: Feminist ‘Femininity’ and Evolutionary ‘Masculinity’: Analysis of Two Research Paradigms of Sexuality

Geneza i rozwój nierówności społecznych w paradygmatach badawczych archeologii. Zarys problematyki

Stanisław Estreicher - zapominany mistrz Bronisława Malinowskiego

Korelacja etyki z gospodarką w doktrynie Herberta Spencera

Wyjątkowy status człowieka w przyrodzie? Nauki ewolucyjne a chrześcijańska antropologia

Koncepcje stworzenia człowieka u początku XXI wieku