Search results

1

Elementy środowiska w zadaniach szkolnych

100%

Guziak D.

Edukacja Biologiczna i Środowiskowa

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2012

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issue 4

132-139

EN

The article shows what kinds of physics, chemistry, biology and geography exercises are created by the Science Lab in Educational Research Institute. In the article there are examples of elements of environment that are used in tasks which can serve as ideas for educational projects for students and teachers. These tasks are described as useful ideas for teachers because they include answer keys and ways of solving problems. The article also marks typical mistakes that can be made by students while they work out their tasks. This work can mainly be used by teachers as a teaching tool in the field of science education.

2

Realization of the text-centred approach in Ukrainian language lessons in seniorclasses

100%

Gruba T.

Intercultural Communication

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2017

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issue 3

43-56

EN

The article analyzes the methodological and pedagogical literature on the subject, describes means of implementing a text-centric approach to learning the Ukrainian language in specialized school. The author summarizes the essential characteristics of the concept of "text-centric approach", reveals ways of using text in Ukrainian language lessons in high school and chooses exercises and tasks, which provide efficiency of students' preparation for further education in modern universities. Under results of the study, we come to the conclusion that the implementation of text-centric approach will contribute to improving the generalization and systematization of students' knowledge and forming their speech abilities and skills, and systematic work with texts of different genre and stylistic identity, including professionally oriented, makes it possible to transfer knowledge to students about the chosen profession. Purpose – the study of pedagogical and methodological literature on the chosen problem, clarification of essential characteristics of the text-centered approach, definition of content and features of texts’ usage, in particular professionally oriented, in lessons of the Ukrainian language in specialized school. Methods. The study, analysis, and synthesis of pedagogical and methodical literature have been used to determine the essential characteristics of the concept of "text-centric approach" and to reveal the ways of using the text in Ukrainian language lessons in high school, theoretical comprehension and generalization of the experience of Ukrainian language teachers, and the analysis of textbooks in the Ukrainian language made it possible to formulate methodical recommendations for organization of work with texts. Results. Due to the results of the study, it can be concluded that the implementation of the text-centric approach in the Ukrainian language lessons in high school allows to optimize the generalization and systematization of students' knowledge of the Ukrainian language, the formation of speech skills, and systematic work with texts of different genre characteristics, in particular professionally oriented, will enable to transfer knowledge to students about the chosen profession.

3

Cognitive behavioural therapy and core stabilization exercise on pain-related disability and psychological status in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain

100%

Ashiyat Kehinde Akodu A. K., Thompson Adewale Ogunbiyi T. A., Oluwaseun Akinleye Fapojuwo O. A.

European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine

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2020

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issue 3

188-194

EN

Introduction. Exercises have been shown to relieve symptoms in non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) patients. Aim. This study compared the effects of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and core stabilization exercises (CSE) on pain-related disability, psychological status and sleep disturbance in patients with NSCLBP. Material and methods. This randomized controlled trial involved a total of thirty-seven (37) participants. They were randomly allotted into three groups [CBT (11), CSE (14) and control (12)]. The intervention was done once per week for duration of 60 minutes for the CBT group, 30 minutes for CSE group and 10 minutes for the control group twice per week for 8 consecutive weeks. Assessment of outcome was done at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using statistical package for social science version 25 at alpha level of less than 0.05. Results. The results of this study showed that there was significant improvement in the level of pain-related disability (p= 0.001), level of anxiety (p =0.001), depression (p = 0.01, p = 0.001, p =0.001) and sleep disturbance (p = 0.001) in all the groups (CBT, CSE, control) post treatment. Conclusion. CBT and CSE are both effective in the treatment of pain-related disability, sleep disturbance, and psychological status of NSCLBP patients.

4

ОБУЧЕНИЕ РЕЧЕВЫМ ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИМ НАВЫКАМ ИНОСТРАННЫХ СТУДЕНТОВ НЕЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКИХ СПЕЦИАЛЬНОСТЕЙ

88%

Біденко Л.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2014

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issue 6(40)

336-342

EN

The method of teaching the Russian language continues to search the effective ways of organization of the grammatical material in the conditions of unlinguistic institute of higher education. The article analyzes the specific training speech of grammar skills for foreign students, linguistic specialists studying the Russian language at an advanced level. The author considers the advisable means to improve grammatical skills, which are: the active learning of the new grammatical structures in conversations; widespread use of dialogue and monologue utterances of various kinds of retelling or presentation of listened speech, (read) text; use of different types of grammatical structures in the preparatory speech; inclusion in the conversation earned grammatical material in standard and non-standard situations; listen to the conversation (reading) of the text you viewed, clips (film), offering free corrections of grammatical forms; organizing and conducting various types of role-playing games aimed at improving grammatically. The formation of verbal skills is achieved at different stages, taking into account the conditions of functioning of grammatical structures in speech. The first stage involves the formation of images of grammatical structures, so at this stage we use the language exercises with elements of language orientation. The second phase is to develop the students with respect to accurately produce the phenomenon under study of functioning of speech situations, develop their flexibility by varying forms of communication requiring adequate grammatical processing. At this stage, there is a combination of the formal and semi-speech exercises. The third stage is a transition from formation of language skills relating to the development of speech skills. The subsystem exercise at this stage aims to use grammatical phenomena studied in different types of speech activity (productive and receptive). The effectiveness of the formation of grammatical language skills depends on the methodical sequence of actions. Using the proposed method helps to form grammatical language skills that will allow foreign students to become full participants in foreign language communication, self-producing statements in accordance with the proposed theme and communicative given installation.

5

An Increase in Imported Goods, Imports Have Increased – The Role of Teaching Pronunciation in an Esp Classroom

88%

Đurović T., Silaški N.

Romanian Journal of English Studies

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2013

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vol. 10

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issue 1

89-98

EN

The fact that English has become the major lingua franca of international business and economy has influenced the goal of teaching pronunciation in an ESP economics classroom: the nativelike speaking skill as the ultimate goal has been superseded by a more realistic and more reasonable goal - the adoption of intelligibility and communicability skills. We argue here, however, that pronunciation skills should be included in a university level ESP economics course syllabus. We point out common pronunciation errors made by economics students due to first-language transfer, exemplifying our points with various types of exercises aiming at overcoming their pronunciation problems.

6

The efficacy of vestibular rehabilitation in patients with chronic unilateral vestibular dysfunction

75%

Smółka W., Smółka K., Markowski J., Pilch J., Piotrowska-Seweryn A., Zwierzchowska A.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2020

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vol. 33

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issue 3

273-282

EN

ObjectivesVestibular rehabilitation leads to a gradual diminution of the subjective and objective symptoms that accompany the vestibular disorders. The aim of the study was to compare the impact of 2 different types of vestibular rehabilitation on vestibular compensation in patients with chronic unilateral vestibular dysfunction.Material and MethodsThe study was conducted on a group of 58 subjects (43 females and 15 males) aged 40–64 years, who presented with chronic unilateral vestibular dysfunction and were hospitalized. The patients were randomly assigned to either of the 2 groups established. The study was conducted in a 6-week period. Group 1 consisted of patients who underwent customized group vestibular rehabilitation in an outpatient setting. The program was performed once a week for 1 h 30 min, under the supervision of a physiotherapist and a physiatrist. Group 2 was instructed to perform Cawthorne–Cooksey exercises and simple balance exercises twice a day for 15 min.ResultsAn improvement in the outcomes of the Dynamic Gait Index as well as the Berg Balance Scale was statistically significant for group 1. The time for fulfilling the task in the Timed Up and Go Test improved in both groups (p < 0.05). The subjective estimation of the symptoms evaluated with the use of the Dizziness Handicap Inventory and the Visual Analogue Scale revealed a statistically significant improvement in both groups, yet it was higher in group 1.ConclusionsThe compensation achieved after 6 weeks of the customized, supervised outpatient rehabilitation program in group 1 was superior to the results of the home-based unsupervised Cawthorne–Cooksey and balance exercises.

7

Assessing the impact of certain exercises on the spatial head posture

75%

Szczygieł E., Sieradzki B., Masłoń A., Golec J., Czechowska D., Węglarz K., Szczygieł R., Golec E.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2019

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vol. 32

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issue 1

43-51

EN

Objectives The head constitutes 6% of the total body weight, which is linked to the cervical spine and all other joints through the kinematic chain by various muscles. The forward head posture is one of the most common postural disorders and seems to be especially dangerous. The goal of the work was to assess the impact of 4 weeks of training neck and nape muscles on the head posture. Material and Methods The subjects were 20 participants, who performed neck exercises for 20 days. The head posture in a sagittal and frontal plane was assessed photogrammetrically twice: before and after the exercises. The following have been used for the assessment: craniovertebral (CV) angle, head tilt angle (HT), and frontal head tilt angle (FHT). Results After a 20-day program of neck and nape exercises the values of specific angles were compared. The results indicated significant changes in the head posture. In the sagittal plane: the average value of the CV angle before the training was 47.17°, and 50.82° after the training; the average value of the HT angle before the exercises was at 20.99°, and 24.31° after. In the frontal plane the average value of the FHT angle before the exercises was at 2.71°, and after 20 days of training the average value of this angle decreased to 2°. Conclusions The results demonstrate that a short, home-based targeted exercise program can improve head posture. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(1):43–51

8

The relationship between physical activity and work ability – A cross-sectional study of teachers

75%

Grabara M., Nawrocka A., Powerska-Didkowska A.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2017

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vol. 31

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issue 1

1-9

EN

Objectives: To assess relationship between physical activity (PA) and perceived work ability amongst teachers from the Upper Silesia, Poland. Material and Methods: The study involved 171 teachers (129 women, 42 men) of primary and secondary schools of the Upper Silesia, Poland. Physical education teachers were excluded from the study. The level of PA was estimated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short version, and perceived work ability was estimated using Work Ability Index (WAI). Results: Male teachers had significantly higher levels of vigorous-intensity PA, moderateintensity PA, and total weekly PA than female teachers. The recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) met 46% of studied women and 74% of men. Work ability did not differ between male and female teachers. Work ability was related to age, body mass index (BMI), and PA (vigorous-intensity PA, moderate-intensity PA, total weekly PA). The female teachers with excellent or good WAI had significantly higher levels of vigorous-intensity PA, moderate-intensity PA and total weekly PA than female teachers with moderate or poor WAI. Conclusions: The teachers involving in high or moderate intensity PA could improve their work ability. Further studies should focus on relation between physical activity and work ability among teachers of various age and seniority, from both, urban and rural schools. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31(1):1–9

9

The Coptic ostraca of the Theban hermitage MMA 1152.3. Exercises (O. Gurna Górecki 97–161)

75%

Boud'hors A.

The Journal of Juristic Papyrology

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2019

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issue 49

41–96

EN

Following the articles published in JJP 47 and 48, further sixty-five ostraca discovered by Tomasz Górecki in the Theban hermitage MMA 1152 are published here. They are labelled ‘Exercises’, a general designation covering different categories, namely extracts of Psalms and other edifying texts, prayers, lists of word, alphabets, and drawings. They are somehow introducing us to the intellectual and spiritual life in the hermitage.

10

Grammatik und Dynamik — Dynamik in der Grammatik

63%

Jenko E., Liaunigg M.

Studie z aplikované lingvistiky - Studies in Applied Linguistics

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2014

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vol. special issue

78-90

EN

Grammar and Dynamics — Dynamics in the Grammar. Based on functional grammar theory we apply insights from the field of neurobiology like the following: In second language acquisition for morphologically rich languages grammar is developed on „search paths“ and „ways of thinking“. Practice and application must be given time. As a result, we replace pre-formed constant patterns by their variations, when it comes to repetitions in teaching situations. We use grammar games as a means for producing variation. In that way patterns are independently developed, validated and corrected if necessary.

11

Proces przygotowań dowództwa Komponentu Wojsk Specjalnych do pełnienia dyżuru w Siłach Odpowiedzi NATO – perspektywa Centrum Szkolenia Sił Połączonych (JFTC) NATO

63%

Goździewicz W.

Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka

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2016

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issue 3

95-110

PL

Centrum Szkolenia Sił Połączonych (JFTC) NATO w Bydgoszczy jest jednym z dwóch ośrodków szkoleniowych NATO. Misją JFTC jest prowadzenie szkoleń i ćwiczeń dla dowództw szczebla taktycznego (włączając dowództwa komponentów i dowództwa rodzajów sił zbrojnych), w celu przygotowania ich do udziału w sojuszniczych operacjach połączonych (wielokomponentowych), również w roli dowództw Połączonych Sił Zadaniowych w operacjach połączonych mniejszej skali. Między rokiem 2012 a 2014 JFTC intensywnie współpracowało z polskim Dowództwem Komponentu Wojsk Specjalnych (DKWS), angażując się (w różnej skali) w czterech ćwiczeniach DKWS oraz szeregu szkoleń, konferencji i seminariów, mających na celu przygotowanie DKWS do roli rdzenia (państwa ramowego21) sojuszniczego Dowództwa Komponentu Operacji Specjalnych. Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą podsumowania współpracy między JFTC i DKWS, opisania przebiegu ćwiczeń, w których organizację oraz przeprowadzenie angażowało się JFTC, a także jego personel. Podejmuje również próbę analizy procesu przygotowania DKWS do jego zaszczytnej roli podczas dyżuru w Siłach Odpowiedzi NATO w 2015 r. oraz najważniejszych – w ocenie autora – wniosków wynikających z przedsięwzięć zakończonych ostatecznie certyfikacją sojuszniczą DKWS do roli Dowództwa Komponentu Operacji Specjalnych w Siłach Odpowiedzi NATO. Ze względu na zajmowane przez autora w JFTC stanowisko służbowe i związaną z tym rolę, jaką pełnił podczas ćwiczeń i przedsięwzięć z nimi związanych, znaczącą część artykułu poświęcono omówieniu ich aspektów prawnych.

EN

Joint Force Training Centre (JFTC) in Bydgoszcz, is one of the two NATO training centres. JFTC’s mission is to conduct training and exercises for tactical-level commands (including component commands and single service commands), in order to prepare them to participate in joint (multi-component) allied operations, also in the role of the Joint Task Force Headquarters in smaller joint operations. Between 2012 and 2014 JFTC was intensively cooperating with the Polish Special Forces Command (POL SOFCOM), engaging (to different extent) in four POL SOFCOM exercises and a number of courses, conferences and seminars, aimed at preparing POL SOFCOM to the role of the core (the Framework Nation) of the Allied Special Operations Component Command (SOCC). This article attempts to summarize the cooperation between the JFTC and POL SOFCOM, describe the course of the exercises, in organization and conduct of which JFTC and its staff were engaged. It also undertakes to analyse the process of preparing POL SOFCOM to its honourable role in the 2015 NATO Response Force stand-by, as well as the most important – in author’s view – conclusions from the endeavours which culminated in the certification of POL SOFCOM to the role of Special Operations Component Command of the NATO Response Force. Due to the post occupied by the author within the JFTC and related role which he played during the exercises and endeavours associated with them, a significant part of this article is devoted to discuss the legal aspects thereof.

12

Ćwiczenia ruchowe jako składnik diety według Tomasza z Wrocławia (1297–1378)

63%

Kowalska B.

Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe

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2019

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vol. 2

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issue 2

43-55

PL

Według teologów średniowiecznych w dualistycznym postrzeganiu człowieka najważniejszy był rozwój duszy. Wśród elit intelektualnych byli jednak przedstawiciele uniwersyteckiej medycyny, którzy przyjrzeli się potrzebom deprecjonowanego ciała. Ich myśli zapłodnione zostały przez arabskich lekarzy, przywoływanych jako auctoritas. Tomasz z Wrocławia (1297–1378), lekarz, autor traktatu Regimen sanitatis, przekonywał, że dieta to nie tylko jadło i napój, ale także ruch, co dziś rozumieć należy jako styl życia. Ruch określił jako exercitium, czyli ćwiczenie, które jest korzystne dla ludzi zdrowych. Chorzy zaś powinni stosować ćwiczenia uszczuplone, co należy pojmować jako ćwiczenia dostosowane do indywidualnych potrzeb. To nowoczesna, jak na tamte czasy, myśl, stanowiąca dziś podstawy rehabilitacji medycznej. W skład primum exercitium wchodzi także nacieranie ciała, by otwierały się pory, oraz czesanie głowy. Peeling i masaż, tak współcześnie nazwalibyśmy te zabiegi. Ich zalecanie w średniowieczu świadczy o świadomości autora znaczenia skóry w ogólnej kondycji człowieka. Według Tomasza konieczne są także umiarkowane zabawy ruchowe – spacer lub przejażdżka konna, co autor określił mianem exercitium secundum. Przekaz Tomasza z Wrocławia to kolejny dowód złożoności epoki, gdyż zaświadcza, że i wtedy, mimo współczesnych sądów o degradacji kultury fizycznej w tych czasach, zalecano dbałość o zachowanie sprawności cielesnej.

EN

Among mediaeval theologians, in the dualistic perception of man, soul development was the most important thing. However, the intellectual elite of those times included representatives of university medicine who took a look at the needs of a depreciated human body. Their thoughts were dominated by ideas of Arab doctors who were referred to as auctoritas. Thomas of Wrocław (1297–1378), a doctor, the author of a treaty entitled Regimensanitatis persuaded his readers that a diet is not only food and drink, but also physical movement, what should be understood today as a lifestyle. He described movement as exercitium, that is exercise which is beneficial for healthy people. The sick should make use of limited exercise, which should be understood as exercise tailored to individual needs. This modern thought, revolutionary for those times, nowadays constitutes the basis of medical rehabilitation. Primus exercitium also includes body rubbing to open its pores and head combing. Today, we would call these treatments peeling and massage. Recommending them in the mediaeval times shows the author’s awareness of the importance of skin condition for human health. According to Thomas, moderate physical activities – a walk or horse riding – are also necessary. He called them exercitium secundum. The message of Thomas of Wrocław is the next proof for the complexity of the period as it demonstrates that regardless of contemporary opinions about physical exercise disregard in the Middle Ages, maintaining physical fitness was recommended.

13

Warsztat nauczyciela polonisty w edukacji gimnazjalnej (na podstawie analizy dokumentów zastanych)

55%

Jastrzębska-Golonka D.

Polonistyka. Innowacje

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2015

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issue 1

91-106

EN

The aim of the article is to depict and assess the chosen aspects of the Polish teacher’s technique conducted thanks to the analysis of the syllabus in the conspects, notebooks, short tests and teacher’s teaching activities. The aspects assessed there: the ways of defining the topics, the aims of the lessons, teaching methods, the ways of taking notes and exercises. The analysis proved that not only the teacher takes care of the realization of the syllabus in the junior high school but it showed that traditional teaching methods dominate as well.

14

ПІДГОТОВКА СТУДЕНТІВ ДО ВИВЧЕННЯ ПРИКМЕТНИКА ЯК ЗАСОБУ ОВОЛОДІННЯ УЧНЯМИ ПОЧАТКОВИХ КЛАСІВ НАВИЧКАМИ ОБРАЗНОГО МОВЛЕННЯ

51%

Зенченко Т.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2015

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issue 3(47)

336-345

EN

The competence approach to the language and speech course teaching stimulates the development not only of the secondary school pupils’ speech communication optimization, particularly in primary school pupils, but also in the system of teachers’ training in higher educational establishments. The system of methodical guidelines for future primary school teachers is worked out. The features of future teachers’ training in the process of the primary school pupils’ communicative competence forming, particularly in the studying of adjectives are determined. According to the linguists O. K. Bezpoyasko, K. H. Horodens’ka, V. M. Rusanivs’ky feature is an object quality, which is not subject to a time changes, it is inseparable from it, it is a natural entity, constantly accompanies it; the idea about adjective’s features static character and immutability is formed according to it. One aspect of the language practical teaching intensification at school is pupils’ speech skills improving in the process of studying parts of speech. In our opinion adjectives take special place in it. The linguists and lingua- didacticians believe that the imagery of language in a fiction is created by the extensive using of figurative-expressive means such as epithets. Epithets are often the adjectives that improve verbal characterization, caused the additional features and emotionally expressive nuances. Teaching the adjective certainly has great potential for enriching the primary pupils’ vocabulary, developing abilitie to determine the function of adjectives in speech, replacing them with synonyms, and using this part of speech in the sentences. Stylistically the adjectives often serve as epithets. Future teachers must describe epithets’ role as the primary function of adjectives to the pupils. It must be noted that any communication has certain degree of emotion because adjective’s importance is quite reasonable. The epithet is the most used stylistic device, it provides the author the widest range of expressing their personal perception of people and events, it helps to define the author’s communicative utterances to a certain social group. Communicative and expressive adjective’s functions are implemented in different types of texts and utterances primarily to express their attitude to the event or phenomenon. Emotional epithet is perhaps the most significant means of speaking. Attitude to reality is displayed with a predicative function of adjectives taken in the short form (texts of the scientific style, newspapers).

15

Пословицы и поговорки в языковом образовании в польской школе

51%

Karolczuk M.

Przegląd Rusycystyczny

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2023

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issue 3 (183)

231-249

RU

Результаты изучения пословиц и поговорок в лингвистике и дидактике показывают, что паремии обладают познавательным, образовательным и воспитательным потенциалом, в связи с этим стоит рассмотреть вопросы использования этих языковых единиц в школьной практике. Цель статьи – представить результаты анализа польских учебников русского языка как иностранного в контексте присутствия в них упражнений, содержащих паремиологические единицы и предложить соответствующие упражнения, которые можно использовать в процессе обучения иностранному языку. Было исследовано 14 учебников, изданных в Польше в 1999-2014 годах, в которых обнаружено 267 паремиологических единиц и 65 упражнений с пословицами и поговорками. Мы установили, что обучение может реализоваться с помощью четырех групп упражнений: 1) упражнения на идентификацию определенных языковых явлений; 2) продуктивные упражнения; 3) упражнения для развития устной и письменной речи и 4) рефлексивные упражнения. В ходе работы было обнаружено, что самое большое количество заданий относится к лингвострановедческим упражнениям продуктивного характера. В книгах практически отсутствуют упражнения, развивающие устную и письменную русскую речь и рефлексивные упражнения.

PL

Wyniki badań nad przysłowiami i powiedzeniami pokazują, że paremie posiadają potencjał poznawczy, kształcący i wychowawczy, dlatego też dyskusja na temat wykorzystania tych jednostek językowych w praktyce szkolnej wydaje się być aktualna. Celem artkułu jest zaproponowanie ćwiczeń, które można wykorzystać w procesie nauczania języka obcego, a także przedstawienie wyników z analizy polskich podręczników do języka rosyjskiego jako obcego w kontekście obecności w nich zadań zawierających przysłowia i powiedzenia. Ustalono, że nauczanie może być realizowane za pomocą czterech grup ćwiczeń: 1) ćwiczenia na identyfikację określonych zjawisk językowych; 2) ćwiczenia produktywne; 3) ćwiczenia rozwijające mowę i 4) ćwiczenia refleksyjne. Zbadanych zostało 14 podręczników, które były opublikowane w Polsce w latach 1999-2014. We wszystkich przeanalizowanych podręcznikach zidentyfikowano 267 jednostek językowych i 65 ćwiczeń z przysłowiami i powiedzeniami. Wyniki analizy pokazały, że największa liczba zadań odnosi się do lingwokulturoznawczych ćwiczeń o charakterze produktywnym. W książkach praktycznie nie ma ćwiczeń, które rozwijają ustną i pisemną mowę w języku rosyjskim oraz ćwiczeń refleksyjnych.

EN

The results of research on proverbs and sayings in linguistics and didactics show that paremia has cognitive, educational and pedagogical functions and, therefore, it is worth considering the use of these language units in school practice. The purpose of the article is to propose exercises that can be used in the process of teaching a foreign language, as well as to present the results of the analysis of Polish textbooks for learning Russian as a foreign language in the context of the presence in these textbooks of exercises containing paremiological units. It was assumed that learning of a foreign language, can be done through four groups of exercises, such as: 1) exercises for identifying specific phenomena, 2) productive exercises, 3) exercises developing speaking and writing skills, and 4) reflexive exercises. We analyzed 14 textbooks published in Poland in 1999-2014. 267 paremiological units and 65 exercises with proverbs and sayings were found in all the teaching materials. The study showed that the largest number of identified tasks relate to productive linguistic-cultural exercises. In the analyzed textbooks, exercises developing oral and written speech in Russian and reflexive exercises are practically absent.

16

Znaczenie ćwiczeń służb oraz podmiotów funkcjonujących w dziedzinie bezpieczeństwa dla ich gotowości operacyjnej do działań ratowniczych w wypadkach masowych i katastrofach

38%

Skoczek K.

Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka

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2018

|

issue 2

91-100

EN

It is important to keep the right security standard of the state safety. This requires a proper condition of military and emergency services. Moreover, it needs a professional co-operation between them. According to these needs professional assignments have to be organized. All formations and subjects are in operation of emergency and security field. However, we have to consider two things – if these assignments are realistic projects or if they are only a part in a particular scenario.

PL

Utrzymanie właściwego poziomu bezpieczeństwa państwa wymaga odpowiedniej kondycji służb oraz podmiotów ratowniczych, a także profesjonalnej współpracy pomiędzy nimi. Wychodząc naprzeciw tym potrzebom, organizuje się ćwiczenia zgrywające pracę formacji i podmiotów funkcjonujących w dziedzinie ratownictwa i ochrony ludności. Jednak należy zastanowić się, czy ćwiczenia te są realistycznymi przedsięwzięciami, czy też polegają jedynie na odegraniu roli określonej w scenariuszu.

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Elementy środowiska w zadaniach szkolnych

Realization of the text-centred approach in Ukrainian language lessons in seniorclasses

Cognitive behavioural therapy and core stabilization exercise on pain-related disability and psychological status in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain

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An Increase in Imported Goods, Imports Have Increased – The Role of Teaching Pronunciation in an Esp Classroom

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Assessing the impact of certain exercises on the spatial head posture

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The Coptic ostraca of the Theban hermitage MMA 1152.3. Exercises (O. Gurna Górecki 97–161)

Grammatik und Dynamik — Dynamik in der Grammatik

Proces przygotowań dowództwa Komponentu Wojsk Specjalnych do pełnienia dyżuru w Siłach Odpowiedzi NATO – perspektywa Centrum Szkolenia Sił Połączonych (JFTC) NATO

Ćwiczenia ruchowe jako składnik diety według Tomasza z Wrocławia (1297–1378)

Warsztat nauczyciela polonisty w edukacji gimnazjalnej (na podstawie analizy dokumentów zastanych)

ПІДГОТОВКА СТУДЕНТІВ ДО ВИВЧЕННЯ ПРИКМЕТНИКА ЯК ЗАСОБУ ОВОЛОДІННЯ УЧНЯМИ ПОЧАТКОВИХ КЛАСІВ НАВИЧКАМИ ОБРАЗНОГО МОВЛЕННЯ

Пословицы и поговорки в языковом образовании в польской школе

Znaczenie ćwiczeń służb oraz podmiotów funkcjonujących w dziedzinie bezpieczeństwa dla ich gotowości operacyjnej do działań ratowniczych w wypadkach masowych i katastrofach