Search results - CEJSH

1

Factor Analysis as a Means of Filtering Rams Indicators for Railway Vehicles

100%

Sitarz M., Chruzik K., Graboń-Chałupczak M.

Logistics and Transport

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2017

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vol. 36

105-112

EN

European Commission Regulation (EU) No. 445/2011 regarding the system of certification for entities in charge of maintenance (ECM) of freight wagons requires such entities to supervise the condition of wagons, without specifying the methods of supervision to be used. Each ECM should establish a Maintenance Management System (MMS), which will include the obligation to monitor the fleet of freight wagons. Monitoring railway vehicle maintenance operations should include tracking all significant technical and operational indicators. The key question is which indicators are the have the greatest impact on safety. This paper discusses some issues related to the monitoring of maintenance operations for railway vehicles. It also looks at dedicated solutions for entities in charge of the maintenance for freight wagons based on PN-EN 50126:2002 standard and RAMS indicators (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety). This paper describes factor analysis of the proposed indicators as a means of selecting those that have a decisive impact on the correctness of the process for monitoring vehicles. This paper shows an example of the implementation of the requirements of the European Commission Regulation 445/2011 [3] regarding the monitoring of the state of railway vehicles and the possibility of using the information so gained as part of a process of continuous improvement. Reducing the number of indicators will reduce the amount of data needed to calculate all the RAMS indicators, without compromising the benefits of the rail vehicle monitoring system.

2

A dynamic approach to the study of unemployment duration

80%

Landmesser J.

Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych

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2010

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vol. 11

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issue 1

212-222

EN

In this research work we investigate which factors influence the probability of leaving the unemployment state among people registered in the District Labor Office in S lupsk. The multiepisode hazard models with time-varying variables are suitable tools for this analysis. We introduced the changing labor market structure into the risk model. The main results achieved show that the job finding process depends on the historical time of the entry into the unemployment state and the actual historical time. Also, the specific individual characteristics of people unemployed, such as gender, age, marital status, place of residence, education level, influence the probability of exiting the unemployment state. There is a greater tendency to leave the unemployment state when the person doesn’t receive the unemployment benefit. The participation in the vocational training doesn’t increase the transition rate into employment.

3

Student Teachers’ Professional Identity: Research in the Republic of Serbia

80%

Ristanović D., Stojanović B., Živković P.

The New Educational Review

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2018

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vol. 51

221-231

EN

Building professional identities of student teachers at the beginning of their vocational education and professional training provides opportunities to explore diversity of practice and provide external support. In the available literature, there is only a small number of studies that explore the professional identity of pre-service and student teachers. The main problem of this research is to examine self-reported attitudes toward student teachers’ professional identity dimensions. The second aim of the presented study was examining the reliability and concurrent validity of the Student Teachers Professional Identity Scale (Fisherman & Abbot, 1998), which was used for the first time in Serbia. The initial sample of respondents consisted of 158 students from the Faculty of Pedagogical Sciences. Results indicate that university students perceive teaching roles more as a specific job and not as a profession. They are goal-directed towards their job as teachers and perceive their practice as a part of their studies and not as a result of their professional identity development as teachers. The mentioned scale (for one-factor solution with the satisfactory criterion of confirmatory factor analysis) obtained very good reliability (α = .935) and concurrent validity indicators and values. Researching professional identity at early career stages can help educators to emphasize the multidimensionality and complexity of the teaching profession.

4

From a Leader’s Perspective: An Approach to Making Employee Interests a Reality (Empirical Research Results)

80%

Gableta M., Bodak A., Kapłon R.

Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi

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2012

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issue 2(85)

125-136

EN

This paper looks at the actions of a leader in a subject–oriented approach to people, expressed in the form of care in implementing their interests. Verification of such concern in Poland’s economic reality was conducted by way of a questionnaire–based study on companies subject to varied operating conditions. Study results served as the basis for developing an “interest map” that takes into account such defined characteristics in company operations as its financial situation, capital origins, employment level, period of operations, etc. Both the purposefulness and possibility of using such maps in the process of monitoring employee interests has been demonstrated, as have the premises for their application by leaders.

5

Development of Corporate Governance Performance Indicators for Czech Manufacturing Companies

80%

Pavláková Docekalová M., Kocmanová A., Kolenák J.

DANUBE: Law and Economics Review

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2015

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vol. 6

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issue 1

57-72

EN

Effective corporate governance is a key element in achieving long-term success for any company. The codes of conduct that corporate governance adopts directly determine the sustainability of business activities. With this in mind, this paper aims to demonstrate the results of research that identifies a set of key indicators of corporate governance performance. The presented research is quantitative. In order to identify key performance indicators, factor analysis was employed. It was found that corporate governance performance is influenced by two factors. For the first factor, the relationship between corporate governance and stakeholders is measured by key indicators: percentage of women within CG, contributions to political parties, politicians and related institutions and number of complaints received from stakeholders. The second factor, strategy & compliance, is generated from the following: percentage of strategic objectives met and total number of sanctions for breaching the law. This research aims to assist both academic and corporate practitioners who want to improve corporate governance performance and, through the use of key performance indicators, support the transparency and sustainability of their business.

6

Wykorzystanie analizy czynnikowej do wielowymiarowej oceny możliwości rozwoju prośrodowiskowej orientacji przedsiębiorstw

80%

Cheba K.

Śląski Przegląd Statystyczny

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2013

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issue 11(17)

275-288

EN

Environment, environmental protection and sustainability policies play a key role in social development and in the economic competitiveness of industrialized countries. The increase in environmental awareness also causes the ecological reorientation of companies. The purpose of this work is to explore the internal multidimensional factors determining the pro-environmental orientation of companies using the factor analysis for this purpose. The study was conducted on a random sample consisting of 300 small and medium-sized enterprises in the Lubuskie Voivodeship. On the basis of the used factor analysis, it was agreed that further analysis should use the first two factors that explain a total of 70.45% of the variance of all variables.

7

School autonomy – a cross-national perspective. Can we compare the opinion of school principals?

80%

Węziak-Białowolska, D., Isac M. M.

Edukacja

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2014

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issue 4(129)

5–20

XX

Perception of school autonomy was measured by the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) 2009, allowing potential cross-national comparison. The possibility of a common, general scale for all countries participating in the study was investigated. Using multi-group confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis, measurement invariance was tested for countries, such that meaningful comparisons for the concept could be made. The results show that the concept is not necessarily comparable between all countries involved in the ICCS but that secondary data analysis is generally feasible depending on the research questions posed and the methodology applied. The scientific and practical implications of this reach are discussed.

8

Development of financial systems in 1995-2014 – a factor analysis

80%

Iwanicz-Drozdowska M., Smaga P.

Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu

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2017

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issue 482

47-60

EN

The aim of the research was to analyse financial system development patterns for both 19 post-communist European economies and 21 non-post-communist (advanced) countries over the 1995-2014 period. The use of a factor analysis allowed for identifying two unobservable factors which account for most of the variance of the 9 observed variables characteristic of the economic and financial development, the banking sector’s standing and the structure of the financial sector. Identified factors represent the financial system development and growth of the banking sector, but their roles differ among the analysed groups of countries. The banking sector is a significant driving force of development in both cases. Yet, in advanced economies, a certain role is also played by the stock market, which is not the case for post-communist countries. The results show that there is higher homogeneity in the financial system development patterns in post-communist countries, while the roles of both factors are more heterogeneous among advanced economies. Lastly, the results provide evidence that the global financial crisis did not cause a permanent structural change in these two processes.

9

The application of selected methods of multivariate statistical analysis to study objective quality of life in Polish and Belarusian regions

80%

Lialikava V., Skrodzka I., Kalinina A.

Przegląd Statystyczny

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2020

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vol. 67

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issue 2

152-173

EN

The concept of life quality has been studied by specialists from a variety of scientific fields: economics, social geography, sociology, psychology, medicine, political sciences, and others. This contributes to the complementariness of the notion and broadens its interdisciplinary perspective, but on the other hand, it leads to a lack of unanimity in terms of the definition and measurement of the quality of life. Meanwhile, all developed countries in the world regard enhancing life quality as a priority of state policy. With the further advancement of our civilisation, quality of life will become a major issue in economic development. Therefore, monitoring this aspect of economic life, at both country and regional level, seems to be of particular significance. The paper aims to assess the suitability of selected methods of multivariate statistical analysis for the construction of a synthetic measure of objective quality of life. The study employs two methods of constructing synthetic measures of objective life quality: the linear ordering method – TOPSIS, and factor analysis. The results obtained by means of multivariate statistical analysis methods made it possible to create ratings of Polish and Belarusian regions in terms of objective quality of life and to further divide the regions into typological groups.

10

Expert In-depth Interview on Development and Efficiency of “RIGA International Airport” Reflecting Factors

80%

Paramonovs S., Ijevleva K.

Economics and Business

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2016

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vol. 28

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issue 1

98-105

EN

The aim of the paper is to identify development ways and effectiveness of RIGA International Airport. Theoretical evidence was examined and expert in-depth interview was carried out to explore the main circumstances affecting RIGA International Airport functioning. Findings of the study show that there are positive tendencies in the field of airport efficiency and development, but improvement is needed primarily for coordinating visions and resources managed by both state and airport administration bodies.

11

Application of Factor Analysis in Behavioral Segmentation on the Base of Semiometric Scale

80%

Mojsiewicz M., Batóg B., Wawrzyniak K.

Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia

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2008

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vol. 7

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issue 1

23-32

EN

The main aim of the paper is to present the methodological basis of market segmentation which uses not only demographic-social attributes and preferences but also variables defining values with important meaning in personal life of customers. The construction of a psychometric test is discussed on the basis of the example of a semiometric scale. This test uses principal components analysis in order to distinguish the main dimensions of cultural dichotomies. The example of measurement on the semiometric scale comes from the examination of preferences in the range of the life and medical insurances.

12

Assessing Countries’ Financial Inclusion Standing — A New Composite Index

80%

Mialou A., Amidzic G., Massara A.

Journal of Banking and Financial Economics

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2017

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issue 2(8)

105–126

EN

This paper leverages the IMF’s Financial Access Survey (FAS) database to construct a new composite index of financial inclusion. The topic of financial inclusion has gathered significant attention in recent years. Various initiatives have been undertaken by central banks both in advanced and developing countries to promote financial inclusion. The issue has also attracted increasing interest from the international community with the G-20, IMF, and World Bank Group assuming an active role in developing and collecting financial inclusion data and promoting best practices to improve financial inclusion. There is general recognition among policy makers that financial inclusion plays a significant role in sustaining employment, economic growth, and financial stability. Nonetheless, the issue of its robust measurement is still outstanding. The new composite index uses factor analysis to derive a weighting methodology whose absence has been the most persistent of the criticisms of previous indices. Countries are then ranked based on the new composite index, providing an additional analytical tool which could be used for surveillance and policy purposes on a regular basis.

13

Classification theories of foreign language learning strategies: an exploratory analysis

80%

Vlčková K., Berger J., Völkle M.

Studia paedagogica

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2013

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issue 4

93-113

XX

The present paper provides a comparison of common taxonomies of foreign language learning strategies using empirical data from a Czech adaptation of the strateg y inventory SILL (Oxford, 1990). In an initial analysis none of the traditional taxonomies received strong empirical support. Based on an exploratory follow-up analysis we thus propose a basic three factorial model of foreign language learning strategies distinguishing 1) elaboration strategies, organisation strategies and self-control, 2) strategies of cooperative learning, and 3) motivational-emotional strategies. This three factorial model bears some similarity to O’Malley’s and Chamot’s (1990) classification of strategies into cognitive, metacognitive, and socioaffective strategies, although cognitive and metacognitive strategies were primarily represented by a single factor, while social and affective strategies appear to be two separated groups of strategies. Based on these first results we suggest better ways to assess foreign learning strategies in future research.

14

ADAPTATION IN LATVIA OF SCALES OF PERSONAL AND GENERAL BELIEF IN A JUST WORLD

80%

Nesterova M., Ignatjeva S., Ruza A.

Sociālo Zinātņu Vēstnesis

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2015

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issue 1

76-86

EN

Adaptation of PBJW and GBJW scales in Latvia that is connected with linguistic and sociocultural features of their use is revealed in the present article. The analysis of questionnaire’s particular indicators and the structure of factors is made. The aim of the research was to analyze the validity, reliability and standardization facilities of BJW questionnaires. To study the belief in a just world (BJW) Dalbert’s questionnaire (1999) “Personal Belief in a Just World” (PBJW (a=0.72)), and Dalbert, Montada, Schmitt’s questionnaire (1987) “General Belief in a Just World” (GBJW (a=0.65)). For the adaptation procedure of GBJW and PBJW surveys questionnaires of 800 participants were selected from 5 various groups: female prisoners (n=166); male prisoners (n=201); males not put on trial (n=226); English philology students of Daugavpils University (n=98); random law-obedient male and female sample (n=103). Cranach’s Alpha criterion results range from 0.67 to 0.832 that indicates quite high consistence of separate questions of the questionnaire. Two-factor structure verifies the results of the previous researches and suggests that it is necessary to distinguish between general and personal belief in a just world for the researches on the just world. In addition, the results revealed that personal belief in a just world is assessed higher than general one. On the basis of the performed test the linguistically adapted version of the questionnaire can be recommended for usage within various social groups, including both law-obedient respondents, and imprisoned respondents.

15

The Measurement of Expected and Perceived Service of a Municipal Transport Based on Selected Medium-Sized Cities

80%

Cheba K., Kiba-Janiak M.

Logistics and Transport

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2012

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vol. 15

75-83

EN

In the literature four basic postulates of transport are usually mentioned: time, convenience, cost and security of travel. The hierarchy of importance of individual postulates of transport depends on subjective evaluations of urban transport users. In the research carried out within the framework of research work financed from funds for science in 2010-2013 titled ‘Reference Model of City logistics and the quality of Life of Inhabitants’, measured the difference between the expected and perceived quality of urban transport services and defined a hierarchy of evaluated quality criteria. The solution to the problem with too many variables is the possibility of using factor analysis. This analysis allows the reduction of many interrelated variables

16

Faktorová štruktúra BDI u všeobecnej populácie: zjednodušená verzia beckovho inventára depresie a teória homeostaticky chránenej nálady

80%

Džuka J.

Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

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2021

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vol. 65

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issue 4

336-352

EN

Objective. This study aimed to analyze the factor structure of the simplified Beck Depression Inventory BDI-S translated from German and attempted for a theoretical justification of its items based on the theory of homeostatically protected mood. BDI-S uses a frequency scale instead of the original rating of the degree of the measured behavior by separate descriptions (21x4 descriptions); thus creating a tool with a four times lower number of items. Method. The questions were answered by N = 1108 people aged from 18 to 70. As in the case of BDI-II, the PAF (principal axis factoring) method and oblique rotation (Promax) were used on half of the participants to analyze the structure of BDI-S; and CFA was used on the other half of the participants. Gender invariance was verified and factor reliability was determined. Results. Using EFA the two-factor structure found by the authors of the original BDI-II questionnaire in students (cognitive-affective dimension, factor 1; and somatic dimension, factor 2) was not supported, but the somatic-affective and cognitive dimensions, which were found by the authors of the original BDI-II in patients (Beck et al., 1996) were supported. CFA confirmed the identified two-factor structure, which was invariant in terms of gender. Conclusions. The two identified dimensions of BDI-S in the general population represent the contents identified by BDI-II in patients. An attempt to apply the theory of homeostatically protected mood seems to be unsuccessful for two reasons: a) In the questionnaire, depressed mood and loss of pleasure and interest are not sufficiently represented, namely, they were not represented by the separate factor in the results; b) In the general population, it can be expected that there will be no longer-lasting negative change in the homeostatically protected mood. Study limitation. The results may have been affected by online data collection at the time of the pandemic.

17

Multivariate Analysis of Regional Differences in the Higher Education System in Poland

80%

Ordon A., University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszów C. o. Q. M. i. E.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica

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2006

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vol. 196

EN

This article discusses an attempt at analysis of regional diversity in Poland in 2001 with respect to the level of the higher educational system. The first part of this report deals with ranking provinces with respect to the level of the higher educational system, measured by a synthetic variable. This variable is the result of 10 characteristics, weighted according to their influence on higher education. Selection of those characteristics was dictated by their use by experts as well as their availability in regional statistics data. In the second part of the article, the author presents dusters formed by provinces in two-dimensional areas: the first dimension indicates the level of higher educational system whereas the other dimension describes the socio-economic situation in the regions. This situation is represented by factors that have been singled out (by principal component analysis) as key among 21 characteristics, which potentially influence the higher educational system. The discovery of commonalities according to which those clusters are formed is the main purpose of the article.

PL

Artykuł jest próbą analizy zróżnicowania regionalnego Polski w 2001 r. pod względem szkolnictwa wyższego. W pierwszej części artykułu opisany jest proces hierarchizacji województw pod względem poziomu szkolnictwa wyższego. Za miarę tego poziomu przyjęto zmienną syntetyczną, będącą średnią ważoną z 10 cech mogących świadczyć o poziomie szkolnictwa wyższego. Przy wyborze tych cech kierowano się zarówno ich zastosowaniem przez ekspertów, jak i dostępnością danych w statystyce regionalnej. W drugiej części artykułu autor przedstawia grupowanie województw w dwuwymiarowych przestrzeniach, gdzie pierwszy wymiar to poziom szkolnictwa wyższego, drugi natomiast opisuje sytuację społeczno-gospodarczą w regionach. Sytuację tę reprezentują czynniki wyodrębnione w analizie głównych składowych spośród 21 cech mających potencjalny wpływ na kształtowanie się szkolnictwa wyższego. Celem artykułu jest wykrycie prawidłowości, według których tworzą się te skupiska.

18

Geometrical perspective on rotation and data structure diagnosis in factor analysis

80%

Tarka P.

Econometrics. Ekonometria. Advances in Applied Data Analytics

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2013

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issue 1(39)

198-209

EN

Geometry has always contributed to a great extent and played a significant role in the development of many of the principles of the factor models. While factor-analytic principles and procedures have been generally developed by the heavy emphasis on matrix algebra, there is still a grave importance and need towards a geometrical approach and its application in the factor analysis. In this article the author provides, on selected issues, a description in reference to factor models from a geometric viewpoint with a discussion running through its advantages and disadvantages. Finally, at the end of the paper, conclusions in reference to good conditions of factors rotation are given. This article explains to what extent a geometrical approach brings specific value and offers an extra insight into factor analysis. As proved, geometry still provides an alternative framework which may be helpful for better understanding and data structure diagnosis.

19

Faktorová analýza jako známá neznámá (aneb metoda hlavních komponent a varimax nejsou vždy ideální postup)

80%

Soukup P.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

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2021

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vol. 57

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issue 4

455-484

EN

This article seeks to show that, although factor analysis (mostly in its exploratory version) is a method frequently applied by social-science researchers (it is often also discussed in basic data analysis textbooks), only a very basic version of it is used, with settings that are far from optimal. However, what settings are used can have major implications, primarily in the form of conceptual problems, where the exploratory version is often used instead of the confirmatory version. Other settings used can also have an impact on the results. These are mainly partial options, which are used mainly in the exploratory version, in particular the choice of the correct correlation coefficients, the choice of method for the initial extraction of factors, the choice of the rotation method and the choice of the number of factors with which we want to work in the exploratory version. The text discusses the algorithms for ordinal variables, and the possibility of determining the number of factors through parallel analysis or MAP. The practical example discusses the advantages of the oblique rotation of factors. The article seeks to highlight good practices that best reflect the current state of the art of quantitative methodology and statistics. In addition to the general guidelines, the article contains practical advice about software and recommends a procedural schema for using factor analysis.

20

Effectiveness and performance of tax system in Slovak Republic in terms of its key non-macroeconomics factors

70%

Dobrovič J., Rajnoha R., Korauš A.

Oeconomia Copernicana

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2018

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vol. 9

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issue 4

617-634

EN

Research background: The paper addresses the issue of an optimal tax system and puts emphasis on two aspects: justice and efficiency. The issue of taxation has been the subject of numerous debates at the European level for several years. A good tax system should contribute to the state treasury with sufficient revenues, should not be an administrative burden, and must be sufficiently efficient and transparent. Purpose of the article: The submitted article provides an extensive analysis of the opinions of respondents on the effectiveness of the financial administration of the Slovak Republic. The aim is to analyse the views and attitudes of the respondents on the key factors affecting the effectiveness of financial administration in terms of respondents' age, gender, occupation and place of residence using mathematical-statistical methods. Methods: In the course of extensive empirical quantitative research (N = 1.500) were used Factor Model Analysis (Factor Analysis) and Analysis of Variance (Anova) were used. The data was obtained through a questionnaire survey, which-was carried out in four districts of Slovakia and focused on a wide range of respondents divided into four age-related categories. Findings & Value added: In terms of research carried out, it is possible to conclude that there is dissatisfaction with the overall tax and customs system in the Slovak Republic. An analysis of respondents' views on the effectiveness of the tax system has shown that it is possible to identify several key factors that affect it, and they are: collection of levies and availability, competence of tax administration staff, computerisation of tax administration, tax collection efficiency, labour costs, and administrative difficulty of tax administration. in the paper, we also discuss these in more detail. The research results offer relevant and interesting implications for public authorities, policy makers and reformers as well as motives for further investigation of the tax administration issue.

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