Search results

1

Family Businesses as a Determinant of Region’s Sustainable Development

100%

Zygmunt A.

Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i prognozy

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2015

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issue 4(42)

133-137

EN

The main aim of the article is to highlight the significance of family businesses in regional development balancing. At first, the special attention was put on issues related to the sustainable development of regions. In this respect, it has been indicated key assumptions of sustainable development policy according to the European Union, and Polish actions in this area included in the National Development Strategy 2020, the National Regional Development Strategy 2010–2020 and the Long-term National Development Strategy. Next, it was made considerations concentrated on the determinants of regional development balancing. Particular attention was focused on endogenous determinants, which characterize important role in region’s sustainable development. Among them special place constitute the region’s competitiveness. The results of the literature research indicate that in this area a key role may play family businesses due to their specific nature and importance in the economy. As a result, family businesses should be regarded as an essential endogenous component of region’s sustainable development.

PL

Zasadniczym celem artykułu jest uwypuklenie znaczenia przedsiębiorstw rodzinnych jako czynnika zrównoważonego rozwoju regionu. W pierwszej kolejności szczególną uwagę zwrócono na zagadnienia związane ze zrównoważonym rozwojem regionu. W tym zakresie uwypuklono kluczowe założenia polityki Unii Europejskiej dotyczące równoważenia regionów oraz działania Polski w tym zakresie zawarte w Strategii Rozwoju Kraju 2020, Krajowej Strategii Rozwoju Regionalnego 2010-2020 oraz Długookresowej Strategia Rozwoju Kraju. W dalszej kolejności przeprowadzono rozważania nad czynnikami zrównoważonego rozwoju. W tym obszarze skoncentrowano się przed wszystkim na czynnikach endogenicznych, które wyróżnia znacząca rola w równoważeniu rozwoju regionu. Podkreślono, że spośród czynników endogenicznych istotne miejsce zajmuje podnoszenie konkurencyjności. Wyniki badań literaturowych wskazują, że w tym zakresie kluczową rolę mogą odgrywać przedsiębiorstwa rodzinne ze względu na ich specyficzny charakter i znaczenie w gospodarce. W konsekwencji, przedsiębiorstwa te powinny być traktowane jako istotna składowa endogenicznego równoważenia rozwoju regionu.

2

The Family Meeting as a Mechanism of Family Governance: Review of the Experiences of Polish Family Companies

80%

Koładkiewicz I.

Management and Business Administration. Central Europe

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2014

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vol. 22

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issue 3

37-55

EN

Purpose: The objective of the research was an assessment of the experiences of Polish owners of family companies in organizing family meetings as mechanisms of family governance as well as evaluating the usefulness of solutions developed in this sphere for both family and company. Methodology: The character of the conducted research was qualitative. The main technique used to gather data involved interviews. A total of thirty nine respondents from twenty companies were questioned. Nineteen were representatives of the older generation while twenty represented the younger second generation of owners of family businesses. Findings: Research results indicated the rather extensive use by the examined owner families of family meetings to discuss company matters. Depending on their needs, they developed various models ranging from the ad hoc bringing up of company matters to the transformation of such meetings into formal, family meetings of the management board organized in company offi ces. Regardless of organizational form, family meetings were an important forum for the exchange of information and views on the functioning of the company among family members. The experiences of the examined families of owners in building family governance systems, understood as a complex of structures and mechanisms making possible the maintenance of a balance between tensions stemming from economic and emotional ties among family members, both involved in the company and outside it, remain small. Research limitations: The qualitative character of the research, including the size of the examined sample (twenty family companies represented by thirty nine representatives), means that the generalizations made for the purposes of this study refer only to the experiences and opinions of the interviewed respondents. Originality: The research performed is the fi rst of its kind devoted to family meetings as a component of the system of family governance created in the family forum of owners of family companies. At present, questions of family governance subject to Polish conditions are not a popular research fi eld undertaken with respect to family companies. This is dictated by the current phase of development of most domestic family ventures, where no significant diversifi cation of stakeholders on the family level has as yet occurred. However, this should in no way suggest that Polish family businesses are not acquiring their first experiences in the sphere of family governance that, in the future, may prove useful in the forming of more complex structures.

3

Reactions of Family Businesses to the Initial Effects of Pandemic Shock

80%

Domańska A., Gryglicka A., Samodulski I.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia

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2022

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vol. 56

|

issue 1

37-59

PL

Pandemia COVID-19 w krótkim okresie rozprzestrzeniła się na całym świecie, negatywnie wpływając na życie społeczne i gospodarcze. Wprowadzone ograniczenia wpłynęły na wydajność przedsiębiorstw. Firmy rodzinne, które stanowią znaczną część sektora biznesowego, to podmioty, które z reguły nastawione są długą działalność, zorientowane są na przyszłość i charakteryzują się wytrwałością. Ze względu na wielopokoleniową perspektywę i swoją specyfikę podmioty te zmuszone były do szybkiej reakcji na pandemię chcąc łagodzić negatywne skutki spowolnienia gospodarczego, które wiązały się ze spadkiem przychodów i okresowymi trudnościami z zatrudnieniem.Celem artykułu jest ustalenie rodzajów reakcji podjętych przez przedsiębiorstwa rodzinne jako remedium na negatywne skutki szoku pandemicznego. W artykule przedstawiono dane zgromadzone w kwietniu i na początku maja 2020 r. wśród 202 przedsiębiorstw rodzinnych z Polski. Do analizy użyto modele regresji logistycznej. Na tej podstawie udało się ustalić, że firmy rodzinne w obliczu spadku zatrudnienia zdecydowały się wysłać pracowników na bezpłatne urlopy, obniżyć wynagrodzenia, wysłać pracowników na pracę zdalną i korzystać z rezerw płynnych środków finansowych. Ponadto, firmy zaczęły likwidować mniej rentowne obszary działalności, jeśli spodziewały się dalszego spadku zatrudnienia. W przypadku spadku przychodów podmioty te obniżyły także płace, wstrzymały spłatę kredytów oraz obsługę leasingu, a także wydłużyły terminy płatności zobowiązań. Badane firmy rodzinne, które szacowały niższy poziom przeżywalności, zdecydowały się również na likwidację mniej rentownych obszarów działalności, sprzedaż mniej istotnych aktywów produkcyjnych, wstrzymanie spłaty kredytów i obsługi leasingu, wydłużenie terminów spłaty zobowiązań oraz zawieszenie procesów inwestycyjnych.

EN

Theoretical background: A pandemic shock caused by the COVID-19 virus spread around the world, negatively affecting social and economic life in short term. Lockdowns, shutdowns and restrictions hit business performance extremely hard. Family businesses, a significant part of the business sector, are entities focusing generally on continuity, futurity and perseverance. Due to their multi-generational perspective, these firms are forced to react in the short term to deter negative impacts of the pandemic, including a drop in revenue and employment alongside doubtful prospects of survival. As an anti-crisis remedy, family businesses have drawn from their economic specificity to implement several intrinsic solutions aimed at mitigating the negative impacts of an economic downturn.Purpose of the article: The purpose of the paper is to isolate and determine which retrenchment, persevering and innovating responses to crisis were undertaken by family businesses as a remedy for the negative consequences of the pandemic shock.Research methods: The data collection was conducted in April and early May 2020. The final sample totalled 202 family businesses from Poland, and research questions were investigated by employing logit regression models. The dependent variables were various actions undertaken by family firm due to the crisis and independent variables were negative pandemic impact in businesses and self-estimated probability of their survival.Main findings: Family businesses facing a drop of employment decided to switch employees to non-paid holidays, reduce wages, switch employees to remote work and further tap liquid finance reserves. In addition, they started to liquidate less profitable areas if they expected a further employment drop. In the case of revenue decrease, these firms also reduced wages, suspended repayment of loans and leasing handling and extended payment terms of liabilities. The family firms investigated in this study that estimated a lower level of capital survivability also decided to liquidate less profitable areas of activity, sell less important production assets, suspend repayment of loans and leasing handling, extend payment terms of liabilities and suspend investment processes.

4

Family Businesses during the COVID-19 Crisis – Evidence from Poland

71%

Zajkowski R., Żukowska B.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia

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2020

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vol. 54

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issue 3

EN

Theoretical background: Family businesses are a specific group of enterprises in which family bonds play a vital role in determining the economic and noneconomic goals of the business. The subject literature emphasises the long-term focus of family businesses which is on continuity, futurity and perseverance. During the COVID-19 crisis, unique family business traits can allow these entities to access useful resources and take positive actions such as forging strong networking relationships, tapping into local idiosyncratic knowledge, exercising rapid response, having flexibility and exercising trust with caution. This suggests that family businesses might also react to the COVID-19 crisis in their own distinctive ways using their unique attributes.Purpose of the article: In this paper we will show how family businesses deal with coronavirus restrictions and what measures they undertook during this challenging period. The paper is organised around four research questions.Research methods: This research was conducted using a sample of 167 family businesses. Primary data related to reactions of family businesses facing the COVID-19 crisis were collected in April and at the beginning of May 2020. To achieve the goals of this study, we carried out such research methods and procedures as fractal analyses, descriptive statistics, statistical comparison of means and subjective classification of the factors.Main findings: For family businesses, a sudden fall in revenue was a common result of COVID-19 restrictions in the Polish economy. In the case of the majority of surveyed family firms, revenues fell by 44%, and in the next 2 to 3 months businesses expected additional decreases of 39.8%. More than 65% declared a stable level of employment, but more than a quarter of surveyed family fims showed an average dip in fim employment of 15.7% and expected further job losses at around 13.1%. To protect businesses against the negative effects of the pandemic, surveyed family fims undertook several ad hoc measures. We divided the analysed reactions to COVID into three groups: proactive, neutral and progressive. We noticed that the most common measures were those marked as “neutral”, or those which neither expanded nor retrenched the business in the short term. This observation suggests that family businesses might choose “persevering” as their first strategic response to the sudden crisis. We also found that “proactive” measures were undertaken in family businesses which evaluated their probability of survival as higher than businesses that indicated “neutral” or “defensive” reactions. In addition, we isolated statistically significant differences in family fims’ average probability of survival among the firms which introduced particular neutral and defensive measures and those which did not. On this basis we can conclude that the lower the perceived probability of survival is, the more retrenchment-oriented types of measures begin to be taken. Additionally, it should be mentioned that so-called anti-crisis shields implemented by the Polish government were assessed as inadequately supportive of business entities’ survival.

PL

Theoretical background: Family businesses are a specific group of enterprises in which family bonds play a vital role in determining the economic and noneconomic goals of the business. The subject literature emphasises the long-term focus of family businesses which is on continuity, futurity and perseverance. During the COVID-19 crisis, unique family business traits can allow these entities to access useful resources and take positive actions such as forging strong networking relationships, tapping into local idiosyncratic knowledge, exercising rapid response, having flexibility and exercising trust with caution. This suggests that family businesses might also react to the COVID-19 crisis in their own distinctive ways using their unique attributes.Purpose of the article: In this paper we will show how family businesses deal with coronavirus restrictions and what measures they undertook during this challenging period. The paper is organised around four research questions.Research methods: This research was conducted using a sample of 167 family businesses. Primary data related to reactions of family businesses facing the COVID-19 crisis were collected in April and at the beginning of May 2020. To achieve the goals of this study, we carried out such research methods and procedures as fractal analyses, descriptive statistics, statistical comparison of means and subjective classification of the factors.Main findings: For family businesses, a sudden fall in revenue was a common result of COVID-19 restrictions in the Polish economy. In the case of the majority of surveyed family fims, revenues fell by 44%, and in the next 2 to 3 months businesses expected additional decreases of 39.8%. More than 65% declared a stable level of employment, but more than a quarter of surveyed family firms showed an average dip in firm employment of 15.7% and expected further job losses at around 13.1%. To protect businesses against the negative effects of the pandemic, surveyed family firms undertook several ad hoc measures. We divided the analysed reactions to COVID into three groups: proactive, neutral and progressive. We noticed that the most common measures were those marked as “neutral”, or those which neither expanded nor retrenched the business in the short term. This observation suggests that family businesses might choose “persevering” as their first strategic response to the sudden crisis. We also found that “proactive” measures were undertaken in family businesses which evaluated their probability of survival as higher than businesses that indicated “neutral” or “defensive” reactions. In addition, we isolated statistically significant differences in family fims’ average probability of survival among the firms which introduced particular neutral and defensive measures and those which did not. On this basis we can conclude that the lower the perceived probability of survival is, the more retrenchment-oriented types of measures begin to be taken. Additionally, it should be mentioned that so-called anti-crisis shields implemented by the Polish government were assessed as inadequately supportive of business entities’ survival.

5

Entrepreneurial orientation in family firms – management and intercultural development

70%

Czemiel-Grzybowska W.

Journal of Intercultural Management

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2014

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vol. 6

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issue 4-1

181-190

EN

This paper has taken an insight to the systemic models of family business from the open systems perspective. I focus on family business system models and on the subsystems content of family system and ownership system in family business context. The paper claim that the open system perspective on intercultural family businesses has both theoretical and empirical implications on family business research. Family businesses have many reasons, including family conflicts over money, nepotism leading to wrong management, and infighting over the succession of power from one generation to the other. Regulating the family’s roles as shareholders, board members, and managers is very important because it can help avoid these pitfalls. This paper will discuss the importance of the openness of the company through five the attributes of enduring family businesses: ownership, family, business and portfolio governance, wealth management, foundation. Dimension of attributes success have taken family business like five jewelers.

6

The Importance of Organizational Culture for Entrepreneurship in Family Businesses

70%

Łukasik K.

Journal of Intercultural Management

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2014

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vol. 6

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issue 4-2

87-97

EN

The article discusses the issue of the importance of organizational culture for business development of family businesses. In connection with the above, there will be presented the essence and types of organizational culture, leading to the entrepreneurial attitudes of all members of family business. The theoretical part of the article is supported by empirical research, carried out in a selected group of family businesses in various industries in Czestochowa

7

The Concept of the Business Model of the Family Businesses

70%

Leszczewska K.

Przedsiębiorstwo we współczesnej gospodarce - teoria i praktyka

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2017

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vol. 3

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issue 22

125-136

PL

W artykule podjęto zagadnienie modeli biznesu firm rodzinnych. Firmy rodzinne to specyficzne podmioty łączące w sobie relacje rodzinne z logiką prowadzenia biznesu. Tematyka modeli biznesu firm rodzinnych to zagadnienie rzadko podejmowane w badaniach naukowych. Na podstawie przeglądu literatury przedmiotu i przeprowadzonych badań własnych autorka stwierdza, że modele biznesu wykorzystywane do opisu sposobu prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej firm nierodzinnych mają ograniczoną zdolność wyjaśniania zachowań biznesowych firm rodzinnych. Model biznesu, który pozwalałby scharakteryzować zachowania biznesowe firm rodzinnych powinien uwzględniać specyficzne cechy tych podmiotów wynikające z interakcji systemu rodziny i systemu przedsiębiorstwa. Autorka proponuje własną koncepcję modelu biznesu, którą można zastosować do opisu sposobu prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej firm rodzinnych.

EN

The article examines the issue of business models of family businesses. The family businesses are specific entities that combine family relationships with the logic of conducting business. The subject of the business models of the family businesses is rarely undertaken in scientific research. Based on a review of literature and her own research, the author concludes that the business models used to describe methods of conducting non-family businesses, have a limited ability to explain business behaviour of the family businesses. The business model that would be able to characterize the business behaviour of family businesses should consider the specific characteristics of those entities arising from the interaction of family system and the enterprise system. The author proposes her own concept of the business model that can be used to describe the method of doing business by family businesses.

8

Family businesses and their roots in Central European society in the 19th century

61%

Hlavačka M.

Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)

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2016

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vol. 24

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issue 2

1-24

EN

This study is the first attempt in Czech historiography at outlining certain methodical and methodological bases for research into the history of family businesses. It focuses on illuminating certain methodological options for defining family companies and their typology according to internal distribution of power and mutual (not just family) relations within the businesses. It expands this typology with a proposal for an external materially chronological framework for enterprise within Central Europe over the last hundred and fifty years. The linked appendix endeavours to apply this typology to four family businesses which operated within the Czech lands and Czechoslovakia. Specifically, it looks at four major ‘family’ businesses in the Czech lands whose operations encompassed the whole of the Habsburg Empire’s territory: ‘Lederer’ – producers of branded molasses-based alcohol; ‘Lanna’ – road, railway and water transport planning and construction; ‘Klein’ – road and railway planning and construction; and ‘Ringhoffer’ – railway vehicles (carriages for personal and freight transport).

9

Barriers to the Development of Family Businesses

61%

Głód G., Głód W.

Przedsiębiorstwo we współczesnej gospodarce - teoria i praktyka

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2017

|

vol. 4

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issue 23

39-53

PL

Przedsiębiorstwa rodzinne odgrywają znaczącą rolę we współczesnych procesach gospodarczych zarówno w krajach rozwiniętych, jak i rozwijających się. Są one podmiotami o znacznym potencjale gospodarczym i odgrywają ważną rolę społeczną. Jednak w swojej działalności napotykają różne bariery wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne. Głównym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie barier rozwoju rodzinnych firm działających na terenie województwa śląskiego. W artykule zaprezentowano analizę wyników badań empirycznych przeprowadzonych w formie badań jakościowych dotyczących identyfikacji barier rozwoju rodzinnych firm.

EN

Family businesses play a significant role in modern economic processes both in developed and developing countries. Family businesses are entities with substantial economic potential and an important social role to play. Irrespective of their core activity, they encounter a variety of both internal and external barriers. The prime goal of the article is to present the barriers to the development of family businesses operating in the Śląskie region. The article presents the analysis of the empirical study results concerning the identification of barriers to the development of family businesses. The article presents an analysis of the results of empirical research carried out in the form of qualitative research on the identification of barriers to family business development.

10

Zachowania prosumpcyjne konsumentów – implikacje dla firm rodzinnych

61%

Szul E.

Nierówności społeczne a wzrost gospodarczy

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2019

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vol. 59

226-235

PL

Prosumpcja, określana jako aktywność konsumentów, przejawia się m.in. w potrzebie współpracy i wpływania na ofertę przedsiębiorców oraz dostosowania jej do ich potrzeb. Aktywni konsumenci tworzą sieci, społeczności, dzielą się swoimi opiniami na temat produktów/ usług, swoimi doświadczeniami i pomysłami. Firmy powinny dostrzegać te działania i reagować na nie, włączając klientów do tworzenia produktów. Muszą angażować się w dialog z konsumentami i sieciami konsumenckimi, aby być bardziej konkurencyjnymi. Szczególny obszar do tego typu działań mają firmy rodzinne, które – często działając lokalnie – są zazwyczaj blisko odbiorców swoich produktów. A cechy firm rodzinnych, tj. płaskie struktury organizacyjne, rodzinna kultura organizacyjna, mniejsza formalizacja działań, krótsze kanały komunikacyjne, uproszczony proces podejmowania decyzji, większa elastyczność i lepsze odpowiadanie na potrzeby klientów sprzyjają nawiązywaniu relacji z klientami, a tym samym podejmowaniu działań prosumpcyjnych. Artykuł przedstawia znaczenie prosumpcji dla firm rodzinnych w oparciu o analizę literatury.

EN

Prosumption, defined as an activity of consumers, manifests itself, among others, in the need of cooperation and influencing the offer of entrepreneurs, to adapt it to their needs. Active consumers create networks, communities, share their their experiences, ideas and opinions about products/ services. Companies should see this activity and respond to it by including customers in creating products. They need to engage in dialogue with consumers and consumer networks to be more competitive. And the features of family businesses, such as flat organizational structures, family organizational culture, lesser formalization of activities, shorter communication channels, simplified decision making process, greater flexibility and better response to the needs of clients all favor establishing relationships with clients, and thus undertaking prosumer activities. The paper presents the importance of prosumption for companies based on the analysis of literature.

11

Tworzenie zespołów projektowanych kompetencją przyszłości firm rodzinnych

57%

Chmielewiec B.

Kwartalnik Nauk o Przedsiębiorstwie

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2019

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vol. 50

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issue 1

72-79

EN

The purpose of this article is to indicate the postulates of changes in the area of recruitment and selection of employees, as resulting from the introduction of project teams to family businesses. The author discusses the specifics of the selection process in a project-oriented organization. She also characterizes the challenges associated with this process and proposes to extend the desired competence profile (a larger number of selection criteria) applied to candidates and project participants in relation to people employed in permanently separated organizational cells.

PL

Cel artykułu to wskazanie postulatów zmian w obszarze rekrutacji i selekcji pracowników, wynikających z wprowadzenia zespołów projektowych do firm rodzinnych. Autorka omawia specyfikę procesu doboru w organizacji zorientowanej na projekty. Charakteryzuje również wyzwania związane z tym procesem. Postuluje rozszerzenie pożądanego profilu kompetencyjnego (większą liczbę kryteriów selekcyjnych) stosowanego wobec kandydatów i uczestników projektów w stosunku do osób zatrudnionych w trwale wyodrębnionych komórkach organizacyjnych.

12

Innowacyjność społeczna firm rodzinnych – wybrane aspekty

51%

Szul E.

Handel Wewnętrzny

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2017

|

issue 4 (369) Tom II

258-268

PL

Innowacje rozumie się głównie jako usprawnienia technologiczne, organizacyjne, marketingowe czy produktowe. Ale obok nich istnieją jeszcze innowacje społeczne, których podstawowym zadaniem jest wdrażanie nowych produktów, pomysłów, rozwiązań, w celu zaspokajania potrzeb społecznych, współpracy między jednostkami i tworzenia relacji między nimi. Istotną rolę w tworzeniu i wdrażaniu innowacji społecznych powinny mieć firmy rodzinne, które zazwyczaj są „blisko” społeczeństwa i łatwiej mogą dostosowywać swe rozwiązania do jego potrzeb, szczególnie na poziomie lokalnym. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie znaczenia firm rodzinnych w obszarze innowacyjności społecznej – nowego modelu biznesowego, który wdraża i stosuje coraz więcej firm. W opracowaniu, wychodząc od kwestii definicyjnych innowacyjności społecznej, przedstawiono – na wybranych przykładach – różne aspekty w jakich innowacje społeczne tworzą i wdrażają firmy rodzinne. W artykule wykorzystano analizę treści literatury źródłowej oraz analizę przypadków.

EN

Innovation is mainly understood as technological, organisational, marketing or product improvements. But next to them there are still social innovations whose primary task is to implement new products, ideas, solutions, to meet social needs, to work together and to build relationships between individuals. Families that are usually “close” to the society and should be able to tailor their solutions to their needs, particularly at the local level, should play a key role in creating and implementing social innovation. The purpose of this article is to present the importance of family businesses in the area of social innovation - a new business model that is implemented and used by more and more companies. This paper, starting from the definition of social innovation, presents, on the selected examples, various aspects of social innovation that family businesses are creating and implementing. The article is based on literature research and case studies.

RU

Инновации понимают в основном как повышение технологической, организационной, маркетинговой или продуктовой эффективности. Но наряду с ними существуют еще социальные инновации, основной задачей которых является внедрение новых продуктов, идей, решений для удовлетворения общественных потребностей, сотрудничества между индивидами и формирования отношений между ними. Существенную роль в создании и внедрении социальных инноваций должны играть семейные фирмы, которые, как правило, находятся близко общества и могут легче приспосабливать свои решения к его потребностям, особенно на локальном уровне. Цель статьи – представить значение семейных фирм в области социальной инновационности – новой модели бизнеса, которую внедряет и применяет все больше фирм. В разработке, исходя из вопросов определения социальной инновационности, представили – на избранных примерах – разные аспекты, в каких социальные инновации создаются и внедряются семейными фирмами. В статье использовали анализ содержания литературы (первоисточников) и анализ конкретных случаев.

13

The Directions of Interrelations Between the Company’s Performance and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Activities

41%

Zajkowski R., Domańska A.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica

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2019

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vol. 4

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issue 343

211-233

PL

Wspołzależności między zaangażowaniem przedsiębiorstw w rożnorodną działalność związaną ze społeczną odpowiedzialnością biznesu (Corporate Social Responsibility – CSR) a ich wynikami są jednymi z ważniejszych kwestii badawczych i praktycznych. Liczne wyniki badań w tym obszarze wydają się prowadzić do rozbieżnych konkluzji, wskazując zarowno na istnienie korelacji dodatnich, jak i ujemnych. W artykule podjęto probę uzupełnienia luki badawczej o wyniki badań przeprowadzonych na grupie polskich średnich i dużych przedsiębiorstw. W tym celu wykorzystane zostały adekwatne modele regresji liniowej, w ktorych z jednej strony rolę zmiennych objaśnianych pełniły aktywności ukierunkowane na CSR, z drugiej natomiast prezentujące samoocenę efektow ekonomicznych przedsiębiorstw. Sformułowane wnioski pozwoliły potwierdzić, że związki te, jeżeli występują, mają raczej charakter cyrkularny (tzw. wielowymiarowy łańcuch powiązań) niż przyczynowo‑skutkowy.

EN

The interrelations between engagement in CSR activities and the company’s performance are still one of pivotal managerial problems. Ample findings related to this issue seem to reveal a rather hazy than clear picture. In this paper, an attempt has been made to complement this problematic issue with the results of the survey conducted among a group of Polish large and medium‑sized family businesses. The aim of the paper is to analyse relationships between the self‑assessment of the company’s performance and its engagement in various CSR activities. It seems to be interesting to identify what kind of relationship and mutual influences can be found between the company’s economic and non‑economic activities and whether its value aspects, in their broad meaning, exist. To identify this relationship, two groups of linear regression models were adopted (CSR activities or the self‑assessment of the company’s performance as dependent variables). The ultimate conclusion drawn seems to confirm that the problematic area mentioned above should be described rather by a circular than linear direction of influences which were called a multilevel chain of interferences.

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