Infantile anorexia is one form of feeding behavior disorder. The group of these disorders usually affects infants and young children whose food consumption in some way deviates from the norm. Their main feature is the difficulty in establishing a regular eating pattern. Which means that the infant does not regulate its eating rhythm according to the physiological feeling of hunger or satiety. In the case of infant anorexia, a characteristic symptom is a persistent reluctance to eat. A sick infant does not signal hunger and is not interested in eating. This leads to a height/weight deficiency and other negative consequences for the child’s development and health. The diagnosis excludes traumatic experiences or a physical illness that could better explain the infant’s reactions. The causes of the occurrence of infantile anorexia are mainly seen in the mental factors related to dysfunctional interactions in the family system, although an increasing amount of research also points to a large role of biological factors in its etiology. Above all, it’s believed to have a very strong genetic component. Infantile anorexia is a potentially curable disease, provided it is diagnosed and appropriate treatment measures are taken. The latter consist in psychotherapy and the introduction of eating patterns. Failure to take such steps may result in the persistence of symptoms and the increased risk of acute or chronic child malnutrition, and in extreme cases may jeopardize the child’s life.
Adequate intake of qualitatively and quanti- tatively balanced food is essential for healthy psychosomatic development of children and adolescents. At present time, the experts focus mostly on excessive calorie intake, due to high obesity prevalence in children. However, ac- cording to current knowledge 3-4% of children suffer from severe food refusal without a known somatic cause, referred to as avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, or psychogenic loss of ap- petite. The “wait-and-see” method is currently the most commonly used in the management of this disorder, but the most effective interven- tion has been shown to be techniques based on behavioral therapy. The aim of our work is to describe the main etiological aspects of the avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder and to introduce methods that are most effective for its treatment. These methods are based primar- ily on behavioral therapy principles, where our goal is the behavioral change. Knowledge and application of these strategies is important for not only scientific community, but also for clini- cal professionals and parents.
One of the most frequent symptoms of infantile cerebral palsy syndrome is eating and drinking difficulties. The functions of eating and drinking are complex processes which, apart from the correct motor functioning of the orofacial area, also require synchronization with breathing, postural stability, including controlling of the head, and a number of other motor skills. Because of cerebral palsy, the functioning of the patient in all these areas may be disturbed, which manifests itself in eating and drinking difficulties, influencing the nutritional status and thereby the patient’s somatic and psychological condition. The goal of the study is to present the tool for the assessment of eating and drinking function in cerebral palsy patients, complementary to the systems serving to assess gross motor functions (GMFCS), manual abilities (MACS) and communication (CFCS), which is a significant element in the multi-diagnosis of disorders in the cerebral palsy syndrome, necessary for speech therapy treatment.
W zespole mózgowego porażenia dziecięcego (mpdz) jednym z częściej występujących objawów są trudności w przyjmowaniu pokarmów i napojów. Czynności jedzenia i picia to złożone procesy, które poza prawidłowym funkcjonowaniem motorycznym obszaru orofacjalnego wymagają również synchronizacji z oddychaniem, stabilności posturalnej, w tym kontroli głowy, oraz szeregu innych sprawności motorycznych. W wyniku mózgowego porażenia dziecięcego funkcjonowanie pacjenta we wszystkich tych obszarach może być zaburzone, co przejawia się trudnościami w jedzeniu i piciu, wpływając na stan odżywienia, a przez to na stan somatyczny i psychiczny pacjenta. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie narzędzia do oceny umiejętności jedzenia i picia u osób z mózgowym porażeniem dziecięcym, komplementarnego wobec systemów służących ocenie lokomocji (GMFCS), manipulacji (MACS) i komunikacji (CFCS), która jest istotnym elementem wielospecjalistycznej diagnozy zaburzeń w zespole dziecięcego porażenia mózgowego na potrzeby postępowania logopedycznego.
EN
One of the most frequent symptoms in infantile cerebral palsy syndrome is eating and drinking difficulties. The functions of eating and drinking are complex processes which, apart from the correct motor functioning of the orofacial area, also require synchronization with breathing, postural stability, including controlling of the head, and a number of other motor skills. Because of infantile cerebral palsy, the functioning of the patient in all these areas may be disturbed, which manifests itself in eating and drinking difficulties, influencing the state of nourishment and thereby the patient’s somatic and psychological condition. The goal of the study is to present the tool for the assessment of eating and drinking abilities in cerebral palsy patients, complementary to the systems serving to assess gross motor functions (GMFCS), manual abilities (MACS) and communication (CFCS), which is a significant element in the multi diagnosis of disorders in the cerebral palsy syndrome, necessary for speech therapy treatment.
The present paper aims, on the basis of the literature on the subject and the surveys carried out among parents/caregivers, at defining the pre-oral phase of swallowing and its course in people with severe intellectual disability. The definitions are presented, the course of this phase and the determinants influencing its disorders are characterized. The paper also indicates the possibility of improving feeding by changing behaviour in its earliest pre-oral phase. In order to collect data to assess the most important behaviours used by caregivers when initiating feeding, surveys were conducted among the caregivers of Rehabilitation, Educational and Pedagogic Center in Pruszcz Gdański. The research is based on the group of people with a certificate of severe disability, with various dysfunctions concerning eating.
PL
W artykule, na podstawie przeglądu literatury naukowej oraz ankiet przeprowadzonych wśród opiekunów, dokonano próby zdefiniowania preoralnej fazy połykania oraz jej przebiegu u osób z głęboką niepełnosprawnością intelektualną. Przedstawiono definicje, scharakteryzowano przebieg tej fazy i determinanty wpływające na jej zaburzenia. W podsumowaniu wskazano również możliwości udoskonalenia karmienia poprzez zmianę zachowań w najwcześniejszej przedustnej jego fazie. W celu zebrania danych, służących ocenie najważniejszych sposobów wykorzystywanych przez opiekunów podczas inicjowania karmienia, przeprowadzono ankiety wśród opiekunów podopiecznych Ośrodka-Rehabilitacyjno-Edukacyjno-Wychowawczego w Pruszczu Gdańskim. Badania dotyczyły osób z orzeczeniem o głębokim stopniu niepełnosprawności z różnorakimi dysfunkcjami i możliwościami w zakresie spożywania posiłków.
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.