Search results

1

A fifteenth-century fencing tournament in Strasburg

100%

Dupuis O.

Acta Periodica Duellatorum

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2013

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vol. 1

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issue 1

67-79

EN

An undated paper from the archives of Strasburg contains a set of rules approved by fencing masters for a fencing tournament. The dating of this document is uncertain but could be established around 1470-71. A complete and unpublished transcription will be supplied and completed with a detailed study of the final set of rules but also the subset which received some modifications. Even if some key points remains obscure, it’s possible to find some comparison between this text and the contemporary knightly tournaments or the German Fechtschulen.

2

Thibault and Science I. Measure, Distances and Proportions in the Circle

100%

Majár J., Várhelyi Z.

Acta Periodica Duellatorum

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2014

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vol. 2

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issue 1

67-104

EN

In this paper we investigate the basic mathematical and philosophical tool of Gérard Thibault d’Anvers, the Circle. One of our main goals was to describe the Circle with coordinate geometry, and to estimate the rate of accuracy of his work. Furthermore, we also wanted to test the statements made by Thibault in his fencing manual, Academy of the Sword [Thibault, 1630; Greer, 2005]. To do this, we compared his observations and calculations with the results of available modern day and historical anthropometrical data sets. Based on our results, we also want to give some practical information about Thibault system for the fencers who study his art in our time.

3

The Roots of Fencing from the Twelfth to the Fourteenth Centuries in the French Language Area

100%

Dupuis O.

Acta Periodica Duellatorum

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2015

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vol. 2015

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issue 1

37-62

EN

This article offers a partial overview on fencing, as recognized through archive records, as well as French epics and romances from the twelfth to the early fourteenth century. In the twelfth century, fencing was only attested through knightly vocabulary as a way to describe actions performed during single combats involving a combination of shield and another weapon, most commonly a sword. Fencing was progressively dissociated from the knightly arts and there were even few mentions of its use by common people. There are archive records from the thirteenth century of individuals bearing the nickname “fencer”, although there is rarely enough context to be certain that they were really practicing the art. At the end of the thirteenth century, archives and narrative fiction show an established fashion for a certain form of fencing with a short round shield, the buckler. This is clearly established in London where surviving manuscripts include many regulations on fencing, however the fashion was also spread in the continent, even though it seems to be less documented.

4

Organization and Regulation of Fencing in the Realm of France in the Renaissance

100%

Dupuis O.

Acta Periodica Duellatorum

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2014

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vol. 2

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issue 1

233-254

EN

During the nineteenth century, many sources were published about the regulation of fencing in Renaissance France. Comparing those sources shows significant though incomplete uniformity in the formalities observed in the training of students of fencing, particularly in the process followed by the neophyte in his passage to mastery of the art of defence.

5

Application of conflict algebra in the analysis of fencing and tactical preparation methods

100%

Szajna G., Bak R., Kulasa J.

Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

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2019

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vol. 19

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issue 1S

96-101

EN

The problem and Aim. The article presents selected issues concerning the theory of fencing. To consider the directions and importance of each component in the selection of training methods, forms of training means in the sport, determined by the following factors: the structure of discipline, the importance of mobility, movement habits, content and essence of tactics. A description is made of the “algebra of conflict” and its tactical use in combat fencing. In a conflict game using white weapons, the mobility of contestants, their technical skills, resources of sensory-motor habits, their quality of perception and manifestations of reaction, tactical skills, emotions, speed of thinking and decision-making, mental strength and the mutual opposing desire to hit the enemy and win the fencing bout, come together on a broad front. The fight takes place in rapidly changing tactical situations, with limited time required to understand the intentions of the enemy. A fencing duel takes place against the background of two major, demanding, changing positions which divide attention between tactical tasks – anticipation and deception to avoid hits and to hit the opponent. To achieve those objectives, in the modern sport, fencing coaches use long-term development of technical skills in conjunction with teaching and improvement of tactical fighting. At every level of sports training, the choice of teaching tactics methods helps to achieve outstanding sports results. Method. The study is based on observations and reflections that are available in the literature (content analysis of literature). Results and conclusions. The most important skills in a fencing bout are: the ability to transfer habits from training lessons to tournament bouts and a comprehensive synthesis (combining together technique, signs of reaction, agility, tactical skills and psychological processes). In addition, in training, a large variety of fencing actions are recommended, combined with skilful directing of one’s emotions, shaping resistance to emergency states and adaptation to fighting with opponents. The presented elements of tactics raise its importance in the training of a fencer. In a fencer’s training, it is very important to use tactics by formation of self-reliance, initiative, and the ability to master one’s emotions, speedy and accurate assessment of the tactical situation and the ability to take immediate decisions.

6

Fencing in Poland – 1918–1945

75%

Borysiuk Z.

Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

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2016

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vol. 16

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issue 4

40-41

EN

This is a review of the book by Prof. Maciej Luczak entitled Fencing in Poland – 1918-1945 (Szermierka w Polsce w latach 1918-1945), Wydawnictwo Poznańskie sp. z o.o., Poznan 2016, 228 pp. [in Polish].

PL

Jest to recenzja książki prof. Macieja Łuczaka zatytułowanej Szermierka w Polsce w latach 1918–1945, wydanej przez Wydawnictwo Poznańskie sp. z o.o., Poznan 2016 (228 stron). Autor książki specjalizuje się w historii kultury fizycznej, a jednocześnie – w tematyce szermierczej. Autor recenzji wysoko ocenia tę monografię i poleca osobom zainteresowanym historią szermierki sportowej.

7

Taniec to (nie) walka. Agonistyka i antagonistyka a choreografia na przykładzie turniejów rycerskich i mieszczańskich w Niemczech

63%

Talaga M.

Kultura Współczesna. Teoria. Interpretacje. Praktyka

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2020

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vol. 111

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issue 4

157-173

EN

What is dance? This is one of the key questions in dance research to which the relevant literature provides no definite answer. The classic approaches highlight the central role of movement, rhythm, and a slight excess of expressivity as the criteria for recognising a given practice as a dance. Seeking to deepen our understanding of the nature of dance, one should take a closer look at phenomena that escape or even contest the definitions accepted thus far. This article is an attempt at such an analysis of two historical European forms of martial arts, knightly tournaments and urban fencing competitions, in the late medieval and early modern Germany. Alongside their socio-cultural context their specific ‘kinetic sensitivity’ is also taken into account. The unfolding discussion leads to the central question: What made the viewers of contemporary knightly tournaments associate the opponents’ movements with a dance routine? In fact, the relevant literature began to describe them with terms derived from ballet de cour; however, they were never used to discuss the urban fencing competitions. In light of this, it is proposed to supplement the existing definitions of dance with the category of antagonistics defined here as a movement in which the essential criteria for the participants’ assessment and success, and therefore also the main driver of innovation, are not as much determined by aesthetic conventions as by factors not subject to social negotiations. Consequently, while easily encompassing the classically understood agonistics, the dance seems to end where antagonistics begins.

8

Zarys rozwoju szermierki sportowej w regionie wschodniej Słowacji w XIX - XX wieku

63%

Szajna G., Szajna L.

Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe

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2018

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vol. 1

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issue 1

29-41

EN

The purpose of this work was to present the development and regional history of fencing in eastern Slovakia. Origins of fencing go back to ancient times, it was referred to as the knightly art of wielding white weapons. Its development over the centuries is a permanent battle and duels that have been changing through the use of various types of weapons, forms and rules of combat. At a time when many sports were at the stage of initial development, European fencing had already developed a system of methodical teaching, which was enriched with extensive literature. The his-tory of fencing in eastern Slovakia has not yet been given a full and synthetic study, although this discipline played a significant role in the development of Slavic physical culture. The article pre-sents an outline of the development of fencing in eastern region Slovakia in Košice. The research method was based on direct and indirect fact finding. The available printing, iconographic sources and source materials were analyzed. The development of fencing in Slovakia took place in the first half of the 19th century in the second largest city of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, Bratislava. It should be noted that in 1828 Pozsonyi Egyls Magyar Vivo Egyletö was appointed – the first Hun-garian fencing club in Bratislava. The fencing centers in Spain, Italy, France and Germany had a significant influence on the development of the fencing clubs in Central Europe. In 1844, swordsman Ferdynand Martinengo, founded and taught fencing at the private Fencing Academy in Bratislava. Fencing sport in Slovakia owes its existence and continuous development to the com-mitment and dedication of its members who were able to raise the sporting level of their players in the country and internationally.

PL

Celem artykułu było przedstawienie rozwoju sportu szermierczego we wschodniej Słowacji. Szermierka swym pochodzeniem sięga zamierzchłych czasów, określano ją jako rycerską sztukę władania białą bronią. W czasie, kiedy wiele dyscyplin sportu było w stadium początkowego rozwoju, europejska szermierka miała już rozwinięty system metodycznego nauczania, który był wzbogacony obszerną literaturą. Dzieje szermierki wschodniej Słowacji nie doczekały się dotychczas pełnego i synte-tycznego opracowania, chociaż ta dyscyplina odegrała w rozwoju słowiańskiej kultury fizycznej do-niosłą rolę. Artykuł przedstawia fakty historyczne szermierki sportowej we wschodniej Słowacji – w Koszycach. Metodę badawczą oparto o bezpośrednie i pośrednie ustalenie faktów, wykorzystując wyjaśnienia deskrypcyjne i kauzalne. Dokonano analizy dostępnych źródeł drukowanych, ikonogra-ficznych i innych materiałów źródłowych. Rozwój szermierki na Słowacji nastąpił w pierwszej po-łowie XIX wieku w drugim co do wielkości mieście monarchii austro-węgierskiej w Bratysławie. W 1844 roku fechmistrz Ferdynand Martinengo nauczał szermierki w prywatnej Bratysławskiej Akademii Szermierczej. Sport szermierczy w regionie wschodniej Słowacji swoje istnienie i usta-wiczny rozwój zawdzięczał zaangażowaniu i ofiarności prof. Pačenovskiego oraz fechmistrzów, któ-rzy potrafili podnieść poziom sportowy swoich zawodników w kraju i w skali międzynarodowej.

9

Improving fencers’ theoretical training based on the stage reached in their basic development

63%

Romanivna Zadorozhna O., Arkadiyovych Briskin Y., Volodymyrivna Perederiy A., Petrovych Pityn M., Ivanivna Stepanchenko N.

Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

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2018

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vol. 18

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issue 2

43-47

EN

Background. The research was devoted to theoretical training based on the stage reached in the basic development in fencing. Analysis of the literature shows that one way to improve the quality of a young fencer’s training process is to validate the structure and content of theoretical training and assess the significance of its components to the stage of the fencer’s previous basic development in the sport. Problem and aim. The issue of the theoretical training of fencers is only mentioned fragmentally, which points to the absence of any one approach to its realization at different stages of an individual’s long-term development. There is a need for a quantitative and qualitative increase in information transfer, and the acquisition of specific quality theoretical knowledge, particularly by using different methods and means of theoretical training. Methods. Theoretical analysis and synthesis, analysis of documentary material, comparison, abstraction, methods of induction and deduction, expert assessment, pedagogical experiment. Results and Conclusions. An author-developed program of theoretical training for solving set tasks there was established and implemented by using algorithmic educational and entertaining means. The pedagogical experiment, which consisted of two periods of four months, enabled us to determine the greater effectiveness of the author program of theoretical training in comparison with the generally-accepted one. There was determined that using the universal algorithmic educational and entertaining means – simulator “TTT”; “Associations”; and “Puzzles” – will lead to an improvement in the theoretical preparedness of fencers at the stage of previous basic development within different informational blocks.

PL

Tło. Badania zostały poświęcone teoretycznym treningom w szermierce opartym na etapie osiągniętym w podstawowym stadium rozwoju sportowego. Analiza literatury pozwoliła odkryć, że jednym ze sposobów poprawy jakości procesu uczenia się młodych szermierzy jest uzasadnienie struktury i treści treningu teoretycznego oraz znaczenia jego składników na etapie wcześniejszego podstawowego szkolenia w szermierce. Problem i cel. Kwestia teoretycznego szkolenia sportowców w szermierce pojawia się literaturze przedmiotu fragmentarycznie, co wskazuje na brak jednego podejścia w jego realizacji na różnych etapach długotrwałego rozwoju. Istnieje potrzeba ilościowego i jakościowego zwiększenia transferu informacji i jakościowego zdobywania określonej wiedzy teoretycznej, w szczególności z wykorzystaniem różnych metod i środków szkolenia teoretycznego. Metody. W badaniu wykorzystano różne metody: analizę i syntezę teoretyczna, analizę materiału dokumentalnego, porównanie, abstrakcję, metody indukcji i dedukcji, ocenę ekspercką oraz eksperyment pedagogiczny. Wyniki i wnioski. W celu rozwiązania ustalonych zadań ustanowiono i wdrożono autorski program szkolenia teoretycznego z wykorzystaniem algorytmicznych środków edukacyjnych oraz gier i zabaw. Eksperyment pedagogiczny, który składał się z dwóch okresów po cztery miesiące, pozwolił określić najskuteczniejszy autorski program szkolenia teoretycznego w porównaniu z ogólnie przyjętym. Ustalono, że uniwersalnymi algorytmicznymi środkami edukacyjnymi i rozrywkowymi są: symulator „TTT”, „Skojarzenia”, „Puzzle” – w celu poprawy przygotowania teoretycznego szermierzy na etapie podstawowego szkolenia w ramach różnych bloków informacyjnych.

10

Differentiation of technical and tactical training of epee fencers with the account of weapon control

63%

Briskin Y., Pityn M., Perederiy A., Zadorozhna O., Smyrnovskyy S., Semeryak Z.

Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

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2020

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vol. 20

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issue 1

40-48

EN

Background. The evolution of competitive activities in fencing have given rise to the development of a system of training for competitive activities. Since it has proved impossible to increase the volume and intensity of the practice load for fencers, the problem of finding new ways and provisions to improve various aspects of fencers’ proficiency has cropped up. In the development of fencing several different ways of weapon control have been developed in epee fencing, which involve the application of the French or pistol grip. At present the number of epee fencers in the top 16 world ranking who have applied the French hilt during the last 6 years make up 34 % of both males and females. Problem and aim. Until recently the sports scientists in this country have failed to broach the subject of weapon control in epee fencing at the appropriate level, while fencer training systems take no account of the specificity of weapon control. The aim of the study is the improvement of the technical and tactical training of epee fencers by means of differentiation of weapon control. Methods. The following methods were used: theoretical analysis and generalization, the documentary method, pedagogical observation, survey, experiment and methods of mathematical statistics. Results and Conclusions. The differences between the technical and tactical actions of high level fencers were defined. A program to differentiate the technical and tactical training of epee fencers was created. The effectiveness of the program was confirmed by pedagogical experiment.

PL

Tło. Ewolucja rywalizacji w dziedzinie szermierki dała początek rozwojowi systemu szkoleń w zakresie działań opartych na rywalizacji. Ponieważ okazało się niemożliwe zwiększenie ilości i intensywności obciążenia treningowego dla szermierzy, pojawił się problem znalezienia nowych sposobów i przepisów mających na celu poprawę różnych aspektów biegłości szermierzy. W ramach rozwoju szermierki opracowano kilka różnych sposobów kontroli broni w szermierce z użyciem szpady, które obejmują zastosowanie tzw. chwytu francuskiego lub pistoletowego. Obecnie liczba szablistów znajdujących się w pierwszej szesnastce rankingu światowego, którzy w ciągu ostatnich sześciu lat stosowali chwyt francuski, stanowi 34 % zarówno mężczyzn, jak i kobiet. Problem i cel. Do niedawna badacze sportu na Ukrainie nie poświęcili zbyt wiele uwagi tematowi kontroli użycia szabli, podczas gdy systemy szkolenia szermierzy nie uwzględniają specyfiki kontroli broni. Celem niniejszej pracy jest poprawa treningu technicznego i taktycznego szermierzy poprzez zróżnicowanie kontroli broni. Metody. Zastosowano następujące metody: analizę teoretyczną i uogólnienie, metodę dokumentalną, obserwację pedagogiczną, ankietę, eksperyment i metody statystyki matematycznej. Wyniki i wnioski. Określono różnice między działaniami technicznymi i taktycznymi szermierzy na wysokim poziomie zaawansowania. Stworzono program różnicowania treningu technicznego i taktycznego szablistów. Skuteczność programu potwierdzono eksperymentem pedagogicznym.

11

Optimization of student-fencers’ tactical training

51%

Kriventsova I., Iermakov S., Bartik P., Nosko M., Cynarski W. J.

Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

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2017

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vol. 17

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issue 3

21-30

EN

Purpose. To work out and experimentally test the effectiveness of tactical training means and methods in the initial stages of student- fencers’ accelerated training. Methods. In the experiment 2nd year students from two academic groups at the university (n=50) participated. In their first year students undertook fencing training twice a week (2 hours per session). The first group (n=24) was an experimental group (EG), the second (n=26) the control (CG). At the beginning of the experiment the technical-tactic fitness of the students in both groups was approximately equal. The experiment lasted 7 months. All the students gave their written consent to participate in the experiment. Results. It was found that the exercises for distant manoeuvring, for non-defensive duels and for combat actions accelerate the formation of a personal combat style where the coach’s instructions are accurately carried out. They also motivate sportspeople to achieve the correct execution of techniques. It was also found that a fencer’s tactical thinking is formed and becomes a special combat skill where they are applied in relevant duel conditions. These requirements can be satisfied by athletes only after special training. We worked out exercises, which reflect almost the entire spectrum of tactical training for fencers. Conclusions. We have proposed a particular suite of fencing exercises to improve tactical thinking, and to expand the arsenal of combat actions as well as the circle of combat situations, preparatory actions, attacks and defences; behaviour in unexpected situations and sense of distance.

PL

Cel. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie metod przydatnych przy wypracowaniu i przetestowaniu skuteczności środków i metod szkolenia taktycznego studentów na początkowym etapie przyspieszonego szkolenia szermierki. Metody. W doświadczeniu wzięły udział 2 grupy studentów 2 roku (n = 50). W pierwszym roku studenci ćwiczyli szermierkę dwa razy w tygodniu (2 godzinny trening). Pierwsza grupa (n = 24) była grupą eksperymentalną (EG), drugą (n = 26) – kontrolą (CG). Na początku eksperymentu sprawność techniczno-taktyczna studentów obu grup była w przybliżeniu równa. Doświadczenie trwało 7 miesięcy. Wszyscy uczestnicy wyrazili zgodę na udział w eksperymencie. Wyniki. Stwierdzono, że ćwiczenia w walce na odległość, pojedynki bez działań obronnych i bojowych, zgodnie z precyzyjnym wypełnieniem instrukcji trenera przyspieszają kształtowanie osobistego stylu walki. Motywują one także sportowców do prawidłowego wykonywania technik. Stwierdzono również, że myślenie taktyczne szermierzy jest kształtowane i staje się specjalną umiejętnością walki w przypadku odpowiedniego zastosowania w warunkach pojedynku. Wymagania te mogą zostać spełnione przez sportowców dopiero po specjalnym przeszkoleniu. Autorzy opracowali ćwiczenia, które odzwierciedlają praktycznie całe spektrum treningu taktycznego szermierzy. Wnioski. Autorzy zaoferowali specjalne kompleksy ćwiczeń szermierczych w celu poprawy myślenia taktycznego, rozszerzenia arsenału działań bojowych, a także kręgu sytuacji bojowych, akcji przygotowawczych, sposobów ataku i obrony, a także zachowania w nagłych sytuacjach i poczucia dystansu.

12

A comparative analysis of literary depictions of social violence in two important 16th Century autobiographies, from the perspective of the fencing manuals of the Renaissance.

45%

Chandler J.

Acta Periodica Duellatorum

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2015

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vol. 2015

|

issue 1

101-137

EN

In the late 16th century two interesting individuals made substantial contributions to the relatively new genre of the autobiography. In 1595 Bartholomäus Sastrow (1520–1603), a north German burgher, notary, diplomat, and eventually burgomeister of the Hanseatic City of Stralsund, penned his life story. Benvenuto Cellini (1500–1571), goldsmith, soldier, musician and famous Renaissance artist from Florence, wrote his memoir between 1558 and 1563. Though they were born twenty years apart, both men had similar backgrounds. Both were from the lower-middle strata of society but rose to high status, both were widely traveled and directly acquainted with the most powerful individuals of their time (as well as some of the most lowly) and both experienced firsthand some of the most dramatic and important political and military events of the mid-16th century. Amidst a backdrop of war and severe religious conflict, Sastrow, a German and a Lutheran, traveled to Italy, and Cellini, an Italian Catholic, travelled through Germany to France. This allows us to see each region from both a native and an outsider’s perspective. Both men participated in or were witness to numerous incidents of social violence and warfare during their lifetimes, as described in detail in their memoirs. These accounts give us an opportunity to examine the depiction of incidents of social violence by people who witnessed or participated in them first-hand, allowing us to contrast these episodes with the principles of self-defense as portrayed in the fightbooks. We can also compare these personal anecdotes with documented written and unwritten rules governing dueling, fighting, and the carrying of arms. This will help grant us further insight into the reality of personal armed conflict in the era of the fightbooks, and improve our understanding of their context and meaning.

Refine search results

A fifteenth-century fencing tournament in Strasburg

Thibault and Science I. Measure, Distances and Proportions in the Circle

The Roots of Fencing from the Twelfth to the Fourteenth Centuries in the French Language Area

Organization and Regulation of Fencing in the Realm of France in the Renaissance

Application of conflict algebra in the analysis of fencing and tactical preparation methods

Fencing in Poland – 1918–1945

Taniec to (nie) walka. Agonistyka i antagonistyka a choreografia na przykładzie turniejów rycerskich i mieszczańskich w Niemczech

Zarys rozwoju szermierki sportowej w regionie wschodniej Słowacji w XIX - XX wieku

Improving fencers’ theoretical training based on the stage reached in their basic development

Differentiation of technical and tactical training of epee fencers with the account of weapon control

Optimization of student-fencers’ tactical training

A comparative analysis of literary depictions of social violence in two important 16th Century autobiographies, from the perspective of the fencing manuals of the Renaissance.