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EN
During the motorway excavations carried out in 2010 in Korczowa, Jarosław dist., site 22, two zoomorphic items made of clay were discovered. These are: a fragment of a pendant and a fragment of a figurine. Figurative representations discovered at archaeological sites are associated with all possible forms of art. They are interpreted as objects of cult significance, children’s toys or manifestations of the magic sphere. The popularity of these representations and the influences of the „Eastern” cultures, especially the forest-stepped zone of the Scythian cultural circle, on the Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture suggest that both the pendant and the figurine from site 22 in Korczowa should be associated with aforementioned cultural provenance.
EN
The problem of the meaning of miniature zoo- and anthropomorphic artefacts regardless of the finds’ chronology is the subject of very lively discussion in literature. It is no different in the case of small figural sculptures from early medieval Pomerania. Characteristics of specific groups of such representations and individual artefacts appear in the literature sporadically and usually in the context of broader research problems. Usually they are associated with customs related generally to religious beliefs or everyday life, the practical sphere of everyday life, where they are treated primarily as toys. There still lacks a broader approach to the problem using the findings of religious and anthropological studies as well as the use of ethnographic analogies. The aim of this text is to undertake such a broader analysis. Three groups of artefacts underwent a detailed analysis: so-called miniature idols, representations of horses and representations of boats. These artefacts, because of their nature, could have fulfilled several functions at the same time. An important role was probably also played by raw material from which these items were made, which allowed a transformation or destruction of given representations. Although a utilitarian function for these objects cannot be completely negated, as in the case of boats, which, in some cases, could have been used as toys, in our opinion they should be associated with a wider sphere of symbolic and religious life, where each element is perceived in mythical terms.
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