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EN
The aim of the article is to analyze the relations between the Facebook’s content filter algorithm system and the filter bubble effect – a digital bubble that surrounds a user with personalized content and information, also isolating him from the information that does not fir his viewpoint. The Facebook’s content filter algorithm – also known as EdgeRank – is controversial due to its mechanism that prevents certain amount of information from reaching user. This invisible selection system might significantly affect the way we perceive the world – it traps us in a peculiar information bubble. The presented conclusions are to help in understanding the way the EdgeRank works, how it results in creating filter bubbles and what are the main threats being posed by it as well as the methods of reducing its negative effects. The article is divided into five chapters: 1. Facebook as a source of information. 2. The Facebook’s content filter algorithm. 3. Filter bubble in theory and in reality. 4. The consequences of being trapped in a information bubble. 5. How to reduce the negative effects of filter bubble?
EN
The internet is usually presented as a medium that gives unlimited freedom to the user. The main purpose of the article is to characterize the concept of the filter bubble. It describes the mechanism that can significantly affect the type of content that Internet users encounter on the Web. By limiting content to those that are compatible with the worldview of the person seeking information, the filter bubble can significantly limit the freedom of seeking information. The article also presents several ways that can limit the negative impact of this phenomenon.
EN
The dissemination of the media has led to the phenomenon of the mediatization of social reality, which in the era of new media has become dominant, because the new media have infiltrated almost every aspect of human functioning. The surprising paradox of the new media is the fact that on the one hand they give access to almost unlimited information, on the other hand they narrow it down extremely. The modern media user, often without realizing it, “uses” only the information that is offered to him by specially selected internet algorithms. Created in this way the so-called “information/filter bubble” condemns him to the only vision of reality - and in the absence of the possibility of verifying his observations what results from the way the new media works - in his opinion the only true one. This is particularly important in creating the vision of social order and the functioning of the state. The mediatisation of Polish social reality - especially in the context of social media - led to the emergence of polarized groups isolated from each other and caused a lack of rational political debate on a number of important social issues.
PL
The text analyzes social media in terms of the possibility of conducting a democratic debate through them. Initially, their users had great hopes to do so. Social media were to be not only a tool for expressing opinions or presenting statements but also for disseminating the model of liberal democracy. However, the business model of these media, as well as content filtering algorithms, introduced to protect users against information overload, prevented this from happening. To prove this thesis, the author referred to Sunstein's public forum doctrine and proved that social media do not constitute its equivalent. Although the media provided a space for discussion, they did not ensure equal access for senders of messages to recipients and recipients to a variety of content. The topic of the negative impact of social media on liberal democracy is already raised in English scholarship (and is already present in Poland through its translations) and it is also gradually gaining academic currency among Polish researchers. What constitutes a novel contribution to the already available research is the presentation of social media in the context of the utopian high hopes the media initially raised.
Dyskurs & Dialog
|
2020
|
vol. II
|
issue 1 (3)
123-138
EN
This article addresses the issue of filter bubbles in the digital media ecosystem. By mentioning the leading theories from sociology and media studies, the text discusses the outline of adapting content to users’ preferences, on the example of actions taken by Facebook, the leading social network.
PL
Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie baniek filtrujących informacje w świecie mediów cyfrowych. Poprzez liczne odwołania do wiodących teorii socjologiczno-medioznawczych w tekście omówiono zarys zjawiska dopasowywania treści do preferencji użytkowników na przykładzie działań podejmowanych przez Facebooka, wiodący serwis społecznościowy.
EN
The article deals with the topic of the information bubble and various translations of the English term filter bubbles into Polish. It proposes a division into a filter bubble and a selection bubble, which together form an information bubble. In addition, it analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of individual bubbles. The research covered comments of Internet users on websites and on Facebook posts of Gazeta Wyborcza and wPolityce.pl to check the differences and similarities between the liberal and conservative bubble, as well as the selection and filter bubble.
PL
Artykuł porusza temat bańki informacyjnej oraz różnego tłumaczenia angielskiego pojęcia filter bubbles. Proponuje podział na bańkę filtrującą i bańkę wyboru, które wspólnie tworzą bańkę informacyjną. Ponadto analizuje zalety i wady poszczególnych baniek. Badaniu zostały poddane komentarze internautów na portalach i pod postami na Facebooku, „Gazecie Wyborczej” oraz wPolityce.pl w celu sprawdzenia różnic i podobieństw pomiędzy bańką liberalną i konserwatywną oraz bańką wyboru i filtrującą.
EN
The aim of this article is to show effects of activity of the most popular in the world Web search engine, using personalized search and building profiles of each of its users. Personalized search concerns a trend of customization: a searcher get such kind of information which meets his interests, dreams, social status. It implies that there is the highest relevance of the search results but on the other hand it carries serious consequences of limited access to a wide range of knowledge. Eli Pariser called this phenomenon “filter bubble”. Internet users are shut in the world of their opinions, prejudices, they do not have chance to encounter across the unknown. Customization of Web search results requires collecting complete knowledge of each of Internet user, in other words to build a profile. However, users do not realize that their profiles are build and Google can know more about them than themselves. The European Union wants to resist this situation. The article also shows legal solutions which can regulate using personal data for profiling.
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