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EN
Using mathematical method of priorities arrangement, also known as problem “about leader”, air accidents frequency and hazard desirability coefficients were found. Those coefficients are proposed by ICAO for safety risk tolerability matrix solution. Integral index of mentioned parameters combinations hazard is found with help of Harrington desirability function. Risk levels determination index is introduced for researched matrix.
EN
The aim of the article is to ground the importance of physical education during aviation specialists’ professional training. The article describes the peculiarities of physical training in civil aviation. The attention is focused on the role of physical training for cadets during studying in the flight education institutions and for pilots on duty. It reveals the importance of formation of aviation specialists’ psychological and psycho-physiological readiness for professional work and career longevity. It is stressed that physical training ensures formation of physical and psycho-physiological qualities necessary for future aviation specialists’ professional activity. It highlights general and special methods of physical education, their brief characteristics are given. Physical training is divided into general and special. Different types of physical exercises are used to solve the problems of general physical training: walking, running, gymnastics, ski training, swimming, sports, tourism and others. General physical training generates overall physical qualities: stamina, speed, flexibility, strength, agility. Special physical training is aimed at developing and improving the special qualities that are needed in the future professional activity, and increasing the reliability of psychophysiological organism. Special physical training includes sports, outdoor games, special complicated games and exercises. Some exercises are athletics, gymnastics, acrobatics, ski training and swimming. Exercises on fitness equipment for flight crew are performed using special methods. It is noted that it is important for students to adopt a habit of regular physical exercises. The self-development form of physical training involves exercises, which serve special purposes under special conditions. They are provided for aviation specialists who suffer performance impairment in the professional activity. The main objective is to maintain human performance while on duty. The exercises are selected taking into account long-term reduced mobility and functional degradation of individual systems and the whole organism. Exercises performed during long-haul flights should create a positive emotional background and should not cause excessive fatigue. It is concluded that professional activity in civil aviation requires a whole range of physical and psycho-physiological characteristics that determine the aviation specialists’ readiness to perform professional tasks under normal and stress conditions. Goal-oriented physical training is the most effective way to increase human performance of aviation professionals.
EN
This article presents the results of research in the field of selected air tragic accidents that occurred in the State Aviation of the Republic of Poland. The key premises for the accident, as demonstrated in the investigation report carried out by the SCAAI – State Commission on Aircraft Accidents Investigation were training errors resulting from irregularities in crew resource management (CRM Crew Resources Management). Broader analysis of the human factor in air operations is presented by R. Makarowski, T. Smolicz, 2012. Errors in management and their effects are eligible often as extraordinary crises as a result of the death of the VIPs appointed on key positions related to the management of the armed forces of the Republic of Poland and the State. The study focused on the reliability of the management system, the quality of education, the effectiveness of the training and the effectiveness of the improvement of personnel flying State Aviation and the tasks carried out in the special and extreme conditions, different from those which were set up in STANAGs which are specific for mission assigned for air operationscarried out by State Aviation.
PL
W artykule są prezentowanego rezultaty badań wybranego tragicznego zdarzenia lotniczego w strukturach lotnictwa państwowego Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Przesłanką do jego zaistnienia, jak dowiedziono w dochodzeniach wyjaśniających przeprowadzonych przez Komisje Badań Wypadków Lotnictwa Państwowego, były między innymi, kardynalne błędy szkoleniowe wynikające z nieprawidłowości w zarządzaniu zasobami załogi (CRM Crew Resources Management). Szersze analizy czynnika ludzkiego w operacjach lotniczych prezentują (R. Makarowski, T. Smolicz, 2012). Błędy w zarządzaniu i ich skutki kwalifikują się niejednokrotnie jako nadzwyczajne sytuacje kryzysowe w wyniku śmierci osób zajmujących kluczowe stanowiska związane z zarządzaniem Siłami Zbrojnymi Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, jak i Państwem. Badania dotyczyły prawidłowości systemu zarządzania, jakości szkolnictwa, efektywności szkoleń i skuteczności doskonalenia personelu latającego lotnictwa państwowego oraz zadań wykonywanych w warunkach szczególnych, ekstremalnych i niestandardowych, jakimi cechują się operacje lotnicze wykonywane przez lotnictwo państwowe.
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