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EN
The aim of this article is to assess whether a Fiscal Sustainability Indicator (FSI) can be used to predict the probability that a currency crisis occurs. The FSI developed by Croce and Juan-Ramón (2003) is employed. Two different definitions for currency crises are used to evaluate whether they induce different results in the analysis. In general, the results suggest that the lagged FSI has an explanatory power over currency crises in some countries.
EN
Purpose of the article The aim of the paper is to analyze the global economic imbalances and factors that contributed to their deterioration in developed and emerging countries, primarily in the United States and China. The article assesses the main inevitable factors of the global economic imbalances that have driven the recent evolution of current account balances. In addition, the paper describes the theoretical framework of global imbalances and the relevant fundamental theories for better understanding in theoretical aspect of international economics and finance. Furthermore, provides overview of the fundamental causes and drivers of global imbalances, namely current account. Methodology/methods In relation to the subject and purpose of this paper have been used the logical methods of examination which mainly include analysis, correlation and regression analysis, abstraction, synthesis, induction and deduction, the methods of descriptive and mathematical statistics, comparative and empirical methods and the selected forecasting methods (causal prognosis methods). Scientific aim The global imbalances are considered as the most disputable and well known of the global current economic problem, which possibly explain the causes of the global financial crisis. The global financial imbalances were quite massive even before the outbreak of the global financial crisis in 2008. Therefore, the main scientific goal of this paper to analyse what is behind the current account imbalances in both countries, e.i. the USA and China. Findings The persistent current account imbalances reflected the imbalances in the world investment and savings ratios. Whereas the U.S. national savings rate kept falling, the Chinese savings rate rose. Current account imbalances will keep on growing due to a problem of insufficient global saving. Conclusions (limits, implications etc)The size of global imbalances has become narrow compared to the prior crisis’s level, but it did not vanish due to the implementation of global rebalancing process. Putting the current account imbalance to cooperation of all participating countries is strongly necessary. The policy response will need to involve many more countries, even G20 process, and coordinating this response will require considerable efforts of every party members.
PL
W artykule podjęto próbę oszacowania wpływu zjawisk zachodzących na rynku forinta na poziom stóp procentowych węgierskiego rynku międzybankowego i obserwowaną aktywność kredytową sektora gospodarstw domowych. Przeprowadzona analiza jednoznacznie wykazała przepływ przyczynowości w sensie Grangera w obrębie mechanizmu transmisji monetarnej od rynku walutowego do aktywności kredytowej węgierskich gospodarstw domowych, zwłaszcza w okresach umownych powyżej jednego roku oraz powyżej pięciu lat. Jednocześnie transmisja informacji między rynkiem walutowym forinta (EUR/HUF) a węgierskim rynkiem międzybankowym wykazywała dwukierunkowość oddziaływania impulsów.
EN
The study attempts to assess the impact of developments in the forint exchange rate against euro on the level of interest rates on the Hungarian interbank market and the observed credit activity of the household sector. The analysis showed the flow of Granger causality sense within the mechanism of monetary transmission from the currency market to the credit activity of Hungarian households, especially in contract periods of more than one year and five years. At the same time, the transmission of information between the forint exchange rate (EUR/HUF) and the Hungarian interbank market showed the bidirectional impact of impulses.
EN
The aim of the research, which results are presented in this paper was answer the question: what was the impact of changes in aggregate M3, interest rates, foreign exchange EUR/USD on the economic growth in the euro area in the period of 2008–2016. The econometric model VAR was applied in research. The Analysis of the model’s estimation results indicates that effectiveness of economic growth stimulation by quantitative easing and interest rate policy in the euro area was relatively very weak.
PL
Celem badań, których wyniki zawiera niniejszy artykuł, była odpowiedź na pytanie, jaki wpływ na wzrost gospodarczy w obszarze euro miały zmiany podaży pieniądza, stóp procentowych i kursu walutowego EUR/USD w okresie obejmującym recesję, kryzys finansowy i fiskalny oraz pierwsze lata ożywienia (2008–2016). W badaniach zastosowano model ekonometryczny VAR. Analiza wyników estymacji tego modelu wskazuje na relatywnie niską skuteczność polityki luzowania ilościowego oraz polityki stóp procentowych w stymulowaniu wzrostu gospodarczego w obszarze euro.
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