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EN
China’s dynamic economic growth at the turn of twenty/twenty-first century is accompanied by an unprecedented development of higher education and university education. Development of economic structures of the country gave birth to a sharp increase in demand for highly qualifi ed personnel with broad international experience. That triggered a rapidly growing process of “student emigration” to foreign universities, making China the main animator of the process of globalization of higher education. In 2007 Chinese students represented 15,1% of all international students in the world higher education system. They became largest foreign minority at the universities in the USA (16.6% of total number of foreign students), UK (14.1%), and in the case of Japan they accounted for the record 63.7% (2007). At the same time number of foreigners studying in China is dynamically growing (with 39 000 in 1970 to 195 000 in 2007). It is expected that due to the expansion of the Chinese economy and the increasing interest in the culture and art by 2020 more than half million of foreign students will undertake their education in China.
EN
The subject of the paper is the amendment to the Act on Foreigners made in connec­tion with the implementation of Directive (EU) 2016/80. The considerations focus on the provisions according to which a foreigner is refused a visa or a temporary residence permit for the purpose of studying, when there are ‘justified doubts as to the credibility of their statements on the purpose of their stay in the territory of the Republic of Poland, due to evidence or objective circumstances available to the authority, indicating that the purpose of the foreigner’s stay could be different from the declared one.’ The key question is whether the authorities facing some doubts in cases of entry and stay of foreign students should opt for more restrictive solutions and take the opposite direction to the one determined by the formula in dubio pro libertate. The study presents general factual and legal circumstances of the amendment introduced, followed by an attempt to interpret it under substantive law and an analysis of its procedural aspects. The conclusion is that there are no grounds for introducing the principle in dubio contra libertatem in respect of foreign students’ entry and stay. Such understanding of the regulation in question would raise objections as to its compliance with the provisions of Directive 2016/80, which would require the refusal of the right of residence to be based on the evidence estab­lished and facts found, with its primary purpose being to facilitate the undertaking of studies by third-country nationals.
PL
Autor przybył na KUL z Kanady w 1983 r. na roczny kurs języka i kultury polskiej, a następnie został, aby ukończyć studia historyczne na tej uczelni. Z pozycji świadka stara się przedstawić znaczenie, jakie uczelnia mogła mieć dla różnych studentów zagranicznych w latach 80. ubiegłego stulecia. Studentów tych można podzielić na dwie zasadnicze grupy: uczestników kursów letnich (organizowanych od 1974 r.) oraz – kursów rocznych języka i kultury polskiej (od 1976/77 r.). Byli także regularni studenci studiów dziennych, których stopień doświadczenia tego miejsca – ze względu na dłuższy okres pobytu – był znacznie głębszy od tych tymczasowych, a także KUL miał dla nich większe znaczenie. Doceniali antykomunistyczne oblicze uczelni, jej związki z Janem Pawłem II oraz fakt, że dyplomy KUL-u uznawano za granicą.
EN
The author came to the Catholic University of Lublin from Canada in 1983 to participate in the year long Polish language and culture program and stayed on to complete his M.A. studies in history. He attempts to present, primarily from the perspective of a witness, what meaning the university had for foreign students in the 1980s. These students can be divided into two main groups: those who came to the summer school (organized since 1974) and those who came for the year long language and culture programs (initiated in 1976). There were also some students participating in the regular course of studies at the university. Because of their lengthier stay they had a greater understanding of the Catholic University of Lublin and it had a deeper meaning for them. These students appreciated the anti-communist nature of the Catholic University of Lublin, its connection with John Paul II, as well as the fact that its degrees were recognized abroad.
EN
Every year, more and more immigrants come to Poland. They settle in our country together with their school-age children. One of the tasks that immigrants and their children face is integration into Polish society. In the case of foreign children, it usually takes the form of integration into the school environment as they have the most frequent contact with the Poles at school. Integration into the school environment involves the inclusion of immigrant students in the social life of the school and simultaneously opening up the entire school community to their presence. Unfortunately, culturally different children encounter many obstacles, which significantly impedes success. These obstacles relate primarily to the lack of knowledge of the Polish language, emotional problems and a negative attitude towards their peers and their parents as well as to the teaching staff.
EN
On the basis of analysis of normative documents and scientific sources essence of the main pedagogical approaches in the language training of foreign students of medical institute of Sumy state university are revealed. The necessity of formation of professional communicative competence is confirmed by improving process of study of Ukrainian language as foreign. Language training of foreign students is grounded on communicative, professionally-oriented, communicative-cognitive, heuristic, personality-oriented and sociocultural approaches. A persistent aim of these approaches is optimization of language training of foreigners and correlation of existent tutorials with the European ones. Taking into account that the number of foreigners is increasing day by day there is a necessity of improving the process of language learning, which is based on intercultural peculiarities. According to the demands of Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine it is necessary to provide learning of Ukrainian language for foreign students as a state language. The main purpose of teaching Ukrainian language for foreign students of medical institute is implemented in practical (communicative), training and educational tasks. These objectives can be realized only if foreign students achieve a certain level of language acquisition. Multicultural groups from different countries with different level of communicative skills require from lector diversity of tasks for foreign students to master their speech competence. The communicative aim of training foreign students-physicians is leading for developing speech skills in reading and speaking. It can be achieved by involving foreigners into Ukrainian socio-cultural and language environment. Vocational-oriented language training helps to deepen the knowledge of the basic sciences (physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics), promotes scientific worldview. The aim of every approach is to make the process of study more interesting and useful for foreign students. Integration, interrelation and implementation of these basic pedagogical approaches into the process of language training of foreign students create the background of successful adaptation. They promote better understanding of a new study material; improve professional speech and formation of professional communicative competence of foreign students of medical departments of higher educational establishments.
EN
On the basis of analysis of scientific sources and practical experience the areas of socio-cultural component implementation in the training of foreign medic students at the universities in Ukraine are generalized, particularly in the study process of humanitarian disciplines and during the educational work. It is proved that one of the factors of socio-cultural adaptation ensuring is input to the training programs of foreign medical students, particularly, those ingredients of socio-cultural component as intercultural, geographic, social, psychological, personal, that form readiness for intercultural communication on the principles of intercultural tolerance, adequate perception of cultural differences while maintaining the value attitude to the culture of nation. The attention is focused on teaching courses of Ukrainian language as foreign, Ukrainian culture on the basis of personality oriented, competency, cultural, axiological and active methodological approaches, principles of humanization, interdisciplinary integration, and geographic orientation. The task of the humanities is to formation of the professionalism of a foreign student, the formation of his professional competence in speech and communication, in order to meet social and civic needs. It is proved the importance of the humanities teacher’s organization of interactive educational interaction with foreign students, which contributes to their more effective adaptation to the educational process. Socio-cultural component permeates extracurricular, educational work. The purpose of the educational measures is a personal growth of future medics as professionals, who understand universal moral and ethical values, professional duty, honor and dignity and who has such features as humanity, compassion, kindness, altruism, optimism, perseverance, responsibility, discipline. The prospect for further research is seen in the study of pedagogical conditions of implementation of the socio-cultural component in the training of foreign medical students in higher education institutions of Ukraine.
EN
The article describes the psychological and pedagogical peculiarities of teaching higher mathematics to foreign students. The basic methods and forms of work to improve the efficiency of the educational process are identified. These include: preparatory work for learning course, generalization and systematization of educational material, the use of reference abstracts and terminological dictionaries, specific requirements for the content and pace of teacher’s speech, individual and group forms of work at practical exercises. An important factor in foreign students’ training is the maximum use of visual material. We believe that the application of methods of individual and group learning can enhance educational and cognitive activity of students. There are also special requirements to the language: it should be clear, slow and concise. For practical lessons, it is advisable to prepare schemes of solving the basic (standard) tasks. This is the sequence of steps (algorithms) that lead to the result. Learning to solve typical tasks, the student can move on to more complex tasks, i.e. higher levels of learning. Solving tasks takes place with elements of the teacher’s assistance, mutual aid and interpersonal communication. Just interpersonal communication may, in some degree, fill in the gaps in the knowledge of language. If the individual elements of the explanation are not clear because of the language barrier, the student may appeal to the classmate and get his comments in clear language. For the current and final control the most appropriate is the use of tests. These forms of the tests are usual and well-known to foreign students and, very importantly, do not require independent verbal formulations of the answer. However, it is not necessary to abandon completely oral questioning. Oral responses are necessary for the development of speech culture, creating conversations and discussions. Taking into account considered psychological-pedagogical peculiarities, undoubtedly, will have a positive impact on the course of higher mathematics for the foreign students. In terms of further research is the development of new and of existing manuals and other didactic materials in higher mathematics for international students, development of methodological recommendations on the level of differentiation and individualization of instruction.
EN
The article deals with the peculiarities of motivation of foreign students to studying. Theoretical and empirical research methods are used. It is shown that motivation of foreign students has its own peculiarities associated with the process of socio-cultural adaptation. The results of foreign students’ survey at the Preparatory Department of Sumy State University are given. Survey analysis has shown that at the end of training the number of foreign students who are aware of the necessity of Chemistry knowledge for their future profession has increased. Preferred forms of control have changed as well: answer at the blackboard, talk with the teacher. This indicates the successful overcoming of the “language barrier” and academic adaptation. Motivation of foreign students has its own characteristics related to the process of socio-cultural adaptation. Activation of cognitive activity of students through the formation of internal motivation contributes to better learning in chemistry. Formation of students’ motivation and cognitive interests: the ways (study and consideration of personal direction of motivational sphere of each student; special organization of training activities through the establishment of educational and problematic situation; availability of the content of educational material, proposed by the teacher to the students; use the elements of didactic games at the pairs: interesting professional material; permanent establishment and ‘reinforcement’ of situation of success during learning process); the methods (ways of giving listeners theoretical significance of educational material; practical direction of knowledge and its application in everyday life and chosen specialty; creation of problematic situations and situations of success; setting close and distant prospects in studying); the means (precise organization of studying process; authority of teacher, communication style; independent cognitive activity of students) are given. The stages of motivation formation to studying are highlighted. The formation of internal motivation through increased cognitive activity of students helps to master educational material in Chemistry. Further research will deal with the study of impact of information technology on motivation formation.
EN
The growing number of foreign applicants looking forward to getting education in Ukrainian medical universities makes us find the ways how to improve and make effective the pre-professional training system of foreign medical applicants for further education. The article deals with the issues of the history of formation and development of the preprofessional training system of foreign medical applicants in Ukraine. On the ground of the electronic databases of the official websites of higher educational establishments, the data on years of opening first offices of the dean, departments and preparatory faculties for foreign medical applicants in Ukrainian medical universities are analyzed and systematized. Also the data on the setting up preparatory faculties at other universities who carry out licensed training of foreign students of the medical profile are presented. The data on the operating and management of such institutions in the system of the University administration are generalized. It’s revealed that during the years of its functioning the pre-professional training has changed, in particular the system was commercialized and the institutions involved in training foreign applicants have been reorganized. The modern trends in teaching foreign medical students at the preparatory faculties of the Ukrainian medical universities are displayed. Based on the analysis of the data it is concluded that the system of the pre-professional training of foreign medical applicants was set up in the 50s-60s years of the twentieth century. During this time, some positive experience in the preparation of future international medical specialists has been gained. The system of the pre-professional training of foreign medical applicants has been comprehensively improved and an effective system of managing foreign medical applicants has been created.
Edukacja Międzykulturowa
|
2018
|
vol. 8
|
issue 1
185-195
EN
The increase of the number of the international students at Polish universities is a desired phenomenon and at the same time a challenge for whole academic community. What seems especially interesting in the context of the internationalization of public universities is the relation between foreign and Polish students. This relation determines international students’ adaptation to a new educational and social conditions. The article presents the results of a survey that aimed to diagnose the situation of international students and their relation with their Polish colleagues. 73 international students who studied in English at the University of Wrocław in the academic year 2016–2017 took part in the study. They were asked about their attitude towards Poles, the contact with other students, their participation in the university life. The main conclusion based on the respondents’ answers is that thee relations between international and Polish students are rare, to a great degree because both groups have little opportunities to meet (foreigners take part in classes dedicated to them and usually live in international students dormitories) and because of the language barrier.
PL
Wzrost liczby studentów zagranicznych na polskich uniwersytetach jest z jednej strony zjawiskiem pożądanym, a z drugiej – stanowiącym wyzwanie dla wszystkich członków środowiska akademickiego. Szczególnie interesujące w kontekście internacjonalizacji uczelni publicznych wydają się relacje cudzoziemców ze studentami polskimi, będące czynnikiem determinującym ich adaptację do nowych warunków edukacyjnych i społecznych. Niniejszy tekst zawiera wyniki badania ankietowego mającego na celu diagnozę sytuacji studentów zagranicznych oraz ich relacji ze studentami z Polski. W badaniu udział wzięło 73 cudzoziemców realizujących studia po angielsku na Uniwersytecie Wrocławskim w roku akademickim 2016–2017. Zapytano ich m.in. o stosunek do Polaków, intensywność kontaktów z innymi studentami oraz uczestnictwo w życiu uczelni. Uzyskane odpowiedzi pozwoliły sformułować wniosek, że relacje między studentami zagranicznymi i polskimi są rzadkie, co wynika przede wszystkim z braku okazji do spotkań (studenci cudzoziemscy biorą udział w skierowanych specjalnie do nich zajęciach, zwykle też mieszkają w przeznaczonych dla nich domach studenckich) oraz z bariery językowej.
EN
The article deals with the issues of the definition of phraseology, classification of phraseologisms, and focuses on the principles of teaching phraseologisms for foreigners. The purpose of the article is to show the criteria of selection of phraseological units for their application in the process of studying Ukrainian as a foreign language, to describe the principles of presenting phraseologisms for a foreign language audience. The criteria of selecting phraseological units for foreign students at the initial level are set out, namely: a simple structure of phraseology (words in the literal sense, 2-3 components, a simple morphemic structure); transparent internal form (motivation); regional studies aspect; frequent use of phraseologism. In the process of learning, the teacher is to form a linguistic and communicative potential, which, first of all, will increase the student’s ability to effectively perceive and master information. Language teaching should form general cultural and national component of the perception of the new environment, since in this way a foreign student forms a linguistic consciousness that facilitates the perception of language formulas against the background of common cultural and national peculiarities.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy problematyki definicji frazeologii oraz klasyfikacji frazeologizmów. Badanie koncentruje się na zasadach nauczania frazeologii w audytorium obcojęzycznym. Celem artykułu jest wytyczenie kryteriów doboru jednostek frazeologicznych do ich zastosowania w procesie nauczania języka ukraińskiego jako obcego w audytorium obcojęzycznym. Przedstawiono zasady prezentacji frazeologizmów w audytorium obcojęzycznym, określono kryteria doboru jednostek frazeologicznych dla studentów obcojęzycznych na poziomie początkowym, takie jak: prosta struktura frazeologiczna (wyrazy w sensie dosłownym, 2-3 elementy, prosta struktura morfemiczna); przejrzysta forma wewnętrzna (motywacja); aspekt badań regionalnych; częstotliwość użycia frazeologizmu. W procesie nauczania nauczyciel musi stworzyć potencj ał j ęzykowy i komunikacyjny, który przede wszystkim zwiększy zdolność studenta do skutecznego postrzegania i przyswajania informacji. Nauczanie języków powinno stanowić część składową kulturowo-narodowego postrzegania nowego środowiska. Tylko wówczas bowiem student obcojęzyczny uzyskuje świadomość językową, która ułatwi mu postrzeganie formuł językowych na tle ogólnej kulturowo-narodowej specyfiki.
PL
W artykule poruszam kwestię kształcenia uczniów cudzoziemskich w polskim systemie oświatowym. Uważam, że pomimo zapewnienia o równości szans edukacyjnych uczniów cudzoziemskich w polskim prawie, w praktyce szanse tych uczniów są znacznie mniejsze niż polskich obywateli, zwłaszcza ze względu na barierę językową, a także niedostateczne przygotowanie szkół i nauczycieli do kształcenia migrantów. Potwierdzeniem tej tezy są wyniki moich badań przeprowadzonych z nauczycielami pracującymi w białostockich szkołach podstawowych, w których uczą się dzieci cudzoziemskie. Prezentuję także rozwiązania, jakie w opinii badanych nauczycieli warto zastosować, aby wyrównać szanse edukacyjne uczniów cudzoziemskich.
EN
The article raises the issue of education of foreign students in the Polish education system. I believe that, despite the assurances of equality of educational opportunities for foreign students in the Polish law, in practice, the chances of these students are much smaller than the Polish citizens, especially because of the language barrier and the lack of preparation of schools and teachers to educate migrants. To confirm this thesis, the results of the research conducted with teachers working in public primary schools in Bialystok, in which foreign children study have been presented. Finally, the solutions that should be implemented, according to the surveyed teachers, to equalize educational opportunities for foreign students have been shown.
EN
The paper presents foreign students, American citizens, who applied for government grants to study at the Jagiellonian University in the years 1946-1950. Based on the research in the University Archives, the article presents applicants for the Polish and US Governments’ grants. It describes their applications, CVs and other documents. The paper also discusses the procedure of awarding the grants as well as the transfer of official letters from the Ministry of Education to the University. Although there were a lot of candidates, often of Polish origin, who wanted to return to the country of their fathers at least for the time of studying, in fact the studies were taken up by few. The main reasons were problems with finding accommodation and meager grant money, insufficient to support oneself. American citizens would receive grants from the Polish Ministry of Education. Some were awarded grants with the right to teach and were employed as English language instructors at the University. The number of applications to the Jagiellonian University, large in the late 1940s, gradually decreased, no doubt as a result of political changes in Poland.
EN
For several years, there has been a rapid growth in the number of foreign students who take up studies in Poland. Cultural proximity, relatively low operating costs and low unemployment rate are certainly very important factors encouraging high school graduates from Belarus, Ukraine and Russia to study at Polish universities. Students from Eastern Europe are open to learn the language and get acquainted with Polish culture. Poland, modeled on other countries with richer experience in promoting their culture and language abroad, has developed a system of promoting the Polish language and Polish culture abroad. Special government agencies, such as the National Agency for Academic Exchange (NAWA), which includes the Polish Language Division, and the Centre for the Development of Polish Education Abroad (ORPEG) deal with this. These agencies are working on the promotion of the Polish language abroad and send teachers and Polish language teachers to foreign universities and Polish minority schools.
PL
Od kilku lat obserwuje się gwałtowny wzrost liczby studentów zagranicznych podejmujących studia w Polsce. Bliskość kulturowa, stosunkowo niskie koszty utrzymania oraz niska stopa bezrobocia to z pewnością bardzo ważne czynniki zachęcające do podjęcia studiów na polskich uczelniach przez absolwentów szkół średnich z Białorusi, Ukrainy i Rosji. Studenci z Europy Wschodniej chętnie uczą się języka polskiego i poznają kulturę polską. Polska, wzorem innych państw, które mają bogatsze doświadczenie w promowaniu swojej kultury i języka za granicą, wypracowała system promocji języka polskiego i kultury polskiej za granicą. Zajmują się tym specjalne agendy rządowe, jak np. Narodowa Agencja Wymiany Akademickiej (w jej skład wchodzi Pion Języka Polskiego) czy Ośrodek Rozwoju Polskiej Edukacji za Granicą. Agencje te wysyłają lektorów i nauczycieli języka polskiego do zagranicznych uczelni i szkół polskich. Taka polityka językowa przynosi zamierzone efekty, ponieważ – jak wskazują wyniki przeprowadzonych badań – osoby w grupie badanej w większości znały język polski przed przyjazdem do Polski, chętnie pogłębiały znajomość kultury i języka polskiego podczas studiów.
EN
The aim of the paper is to present results of a research project “Learning in a transnational environment”, devoted to the meanings of learning given by international students in Poland. The phenomenographic method was used in the research project. Five dominating meanings were established, illustrating how individual experience of learning as well as collective and national experience may be connected in the learning process. In terms of theoretical framework, the notion of transnationalism, most of all related to the global changes in the Academy, was used.
PL
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie wyników projektu badawczego „Uczenie się w środowisku transnarodowym”, poświęconego znaczeniom uczenia się konstruowanym przez studentów zagranicznych studiujących w Polsce. Przedstawione badanie opiera się na wywiadach fenomenograficznych. W toku procesu badawczego wyodrębniono pięć dominujących znaczeń, ilustrujących, w jaki sposób w ramach doświadczenia studiowania za granicą łączyć mogą się doświadczenia związane z indywidualnym uczeniem się jednostki oraz doświadczenie zbiorowe, w tym narodowe. Jako ramę teoretyczną wykorzystano koncepcję transnarodowości, przede wszystkim jej aspekt związany z globalnymi przemianami w Akademii.
EN
Student migrations are becoming more and more important part of international translocation of young people, which is exemplifi ed by the statistics of students’ dynamic mobility. Traveling abroad to acquire higher education in a foreign country is both an opportunity to progress and a cause of problems. Foreign students are usually at the periphery of society when they arrive at another country, where the culture and language are diff erent than in their homeland. Immigrants also feel the weakening of family and friend bonds. Th ey have to fi nd their way through the new environment, which may be extremely hard, provided they do not have any migration supportive social network. Th is is why, actions to support student migration societies are crucial. One of the actions may be introducing academic tutoring to tertiary-level schools. Tutoring is a method of individualized education, based on an individual and supportive relationship between a student and a tutor. Th e basic assumptions of tutoring are: taking care of an integral development of a protege, concentrating on personal problems and needs of a student, eliciting his hidden potential, bonding with him, and taking into account his values and personal aims during work. Basing on these principles, tutoring may help educational migrants to adapt to a new living and academic environment.
PL
Migracje edukacyjne stają się coraz istotniejszą częścią międzynarodowych przemieszczeń młodych ludzi, czego egzemplifi kację stanowią statystyki, pokazujące dynamiczny wzrost mobilności studentów. Wyjazd zagraniczny w celu zdobycia wykształcenia wyższego poza swoją ojczyzną, mimo że niesie ze sobą szansę rozwoju, to wiąże się także z wieloma trudnościami. Studenci cudzoziemcy, w momencie przybycia do nowego państwa, znajdują się zazwyczaj na peryferiach jego społeczeństwa, ponieważ reprezentują inną kulturę, nierzadko mają też problem z władaniem językiem kraju, do którego wyemigrowali. Imigranci odczuwają również osłabienie dotychczasowych więzi z rodziną, znajomymi. W obcym im środowisku, w tym edukacyjnym, muszą się odnaleźć, co w braku migracyjnych sieci wsparcia może okazać się niezwykle trudnym przedsięwzięciem. Dlatego też bardzo ważne są działania wspierające studenckie środowiska migracyjne. Jednym z nich może być wprowadzenie do szkół wyższych tutoringu akademickiego, czyli „metody edukacji zindywidualizowanej, opierającej się na indywidualnej, wspierającej relacji z drugą osobą – tutorem” (Czekierda, 2014). Jego podstawowe założenia, takie jak: troska o integralny rozwój podopiecznego, koncentracja na indywidualnych problemach i potrzebach studenta, wydobywanie ukrytego potencjału podopiecznego, nawiązywanie partnerskiej relacji ze studentem czy uwzględnianie w pracy z nim jego wartości i osobistych celów, mogą pomóc migrantom edukacyjnym w procesie adaptacji do nowego środowiska życia i studiowania.
EN
It is often complicated to understand the concept of Polish studies abroad. The author presents Polish Studies in the capital of Europe. In this Article the case of the French-speaking Free University of Brussels (ULB) is discussed. The author introduces Polish Studies as a part of Slavic Studies, then develops the limitations that this issue has on the program of teaching. The writer profiles the heterogeneity of the students: showing their differences resulting from their origins, backgrounds of knowledge, and the presence of multiculturalism. Then, the study program is explained, as well as the means and solutions facilitating the simultaneous teaching of language and literature Among the solutions are propounded new technologies, stays abroad and encounters with native speakers. In conclusion, the author outlines foreign student’s learning process in Brussels and the teaching difficulties that academic teachers may encounter in European faculties. She provides remedies found to overcome these educational issues.
PL
Często trudno jest zrozumieć pojęcie studiów polonistycznych za granicą. Autorka prezentuje polonistykę w stolicy Europy. W artykule omawia przypadek francuskojęzycznego Wolnego Uniwersytetu w Brukseli (ULB). Prezentuje polonistykę jako część slawistyki. Wskazuje ograniczenia wpływające na program nauczania. Opisuje niejednorodność studentów: ich różne pochodzenie, wykształcenie i reprezentowaną wielokulturowość. Przedstawia również program studiów oraz środki i rozwiązania ułatwiające optymalizację jednoczesnego nauczania języka i literatury. Wśród wykorzystywanych rozwiązań są nowe technologie, pobyty za granicą i spotkania z osobami mówiącymi w ojczystym języku. Podsumowując, nakreśla proces uczenia się studentów zagranicznych w Brukseli i trudności w nauczaniu, jakie mogą napotkać akademiccy nauczyciele na europejskiej uczelni. Proponuje środki zaradcze pomagające w przezwyciężaniu problemów edukacyjnych.
PL
Funkcjonowanie metody komunikacyjnej w zawodowym podejściu do nauczania języka ukraińskiego studentów zagranicznych kierunków medycznych jest mało zbadane, co uwarunkowuje aktualność tego tematu. Stwierdzono, że badacze różnią się w swojej opinii na temat roli komponentu komunikacyjnego i gramatycznego w nauczaniu języka ukraińskiego jako języka obcego. Ponadto współczesne podręczniki nie mają wystarczającej liczby ćwiczeń, aby rozwinąć komunikację zawodową. Celem pracy jest poznanie zastosowania metody komunikatywnej w profesjonalnym podejściu do nauczania języka ukraińskiego (jako języka obcego), opracowanie odpowiednich ćwiczeń i zadań. Stwierdzono, że w procesie uczenia się komunikacji w języku obcym istotne jest przedstawienie i opanowanie materiału gramatycznego przez studentów. Przedstawiono przykłady zadań i ćwiczeń mających na celu rozwój kompetencji komunikacyjnych i gramatycznych studentów-medyków zagranicznych w zakresie komunikacji zawodowej.
EN
The way the communicative method functions in a professionally oriented approach to teaching Ukrainian foreign students of medical specialties has been little studied, and that determines the relevance of this topic. It has been found that there is a controversy in scientific thought concerning the role of both communicative and grammar components of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language. Moreover, modern textbooks do not provide sufficient exercises to develop professional communication. The purpose of this study is to investigate the application of the communicative method in a professionally oriented approach to teaching Ukrainian (as a foreign language), and to develop appropriate exercises and tasks. The conclusion is that in the process of learning to communicate in a foreign language, it is important for students to present and master grammatical material. Samples of tasks and exercises aimed at developing the communicative and grammar competence of foreign medical students in professional communication are presented.
EN
This work reflects on the problems of teaching foreign languages for academic purposes, including teaching Polish as a foreign language. In the first part of the article, the terminology presented in English and Polish glottodidactic literature was discussed and compared. Also, the chosen teaching practices regarding courses addressed to foreign students who are planning to study at the Polish universities, were described. The author proposes a thesis that foreign candidates for university studies in Poland should possess a certain amount of knowledge, and to develop certain competences and skills that will be useful in their future academic life, regardless of their study profile. Those „common contents” became the basis of Polish for Academic Purposes course programme presented in the second part of this article.
PL
W niniejszym artykule zostały podjęte refleksje na temat problemów nauczania języków obcych, w tym języka polskiego jako obcego (jpjo), w odmianie akademickiej. W części wstępnej porównano terminologię obecną w naukowej anglojęzycznej i polskiej literaturze glottodydaktycznej, jak też omówiono wybrane praktyki w zakresie przygotowywania językowego studentów zagranicznych do podjęcia studiów w Polsce. Autorka stawia tezę, że kandydaci na studia w Polsce, niezależnie od wybranego kierunku, powinni posiąść określoną wiedzę socjokulturową, rozwinąć kompetencje i umiejętności przydatne w studiowaniu i komunikowaniu się z przedstawicielami środowiska uczelnianego. Owe uniwersalne „wspólne treści” stanowią podstawę, przedstawionego w części drugiej pracy, programu kursu przygotowującego cudzoziemców do studiów w Polsce.
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