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1

Demand for scientific methods of detecting crimes and criminals, i.e. the beginnings of forensic science in the structures of the Polish State Police

100%

Zubańska M., Zubański S.

Internal Security

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2019

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vol. Special Issue

59-69

EN

The history of forensic science (from Latin criminalis, concerning a crime) is inextricably linked to the history of law enforcement agencies. This science grew out of the needs of the law and serves its implementation to this day. Its interest is focused on the crime in concreto. As an independent scientific discipline, it developed only at the end of the 19th century and was connected with the date of publication of the work Handbuch fur Untersuchungsrichter, Polizeibeamte, Gendarmen u.s.w. by the Austrian investigating judge H. Gross in 1893. Its author noticed the correctness (very accurate) that every achievement in the field of natural sciences and technical sciences can serve the purpose of combating crime. W. Sobolewski is considered a precursor of Polish forensic science. In September 1919 he joined the State Police and started working as an inspection officer. Then he became the commander of the Main Police School and Officer School in Warsaw. In 1929 he was sent to Vienna for a forensic course. Then W. Sobolewski headed the Police Laboratory at the Headquarters of the Investigation Service in Warsaw, and since 1931 the Department of Investigation Technology, in which, at the request of the court, police authorities and military institutions, forensic expert opinions were carried out, including dactyloscopic, weapons and handwriting. They were of great evidential importance for the courts. It continues to be so today. Beginning in the interwar period, the Central Forensic Laboratory of the Police is a research institute recognized in Poland and abroad, which carries out tasks in the field of technical and criminal protection of the process of preventing and combating crime, among others, by performing research and implementation, comparative and expert work in the field of forensic science.

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Modern technologies in forensic science

88%

Gąsiorowski J.

Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje

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2016

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vol. 21(21)

73-114

EN

The aim of the paper is to present issues connected with introduction of innovative tactical and technical solutions which have an impact on the improvement of process and forensic activities conducted in criminal proceedings by investigating authorities of the Police. These innovations pertain to activities performed during forensic examination of the scene of the event. They also pertain to the work of team of experts at the scenes of the event (of specific character, e.g. crises, catastrophes, etc.) as well as to expert examination conducted in forensic laboratories. The paper also presents most recent organizational and technical solutions in forensic (both tactics and technique) aspect of conducted activities that affect detective process.

3

Kryminalistyczne wykorzystanie zapisów monitoringu wizyjnego na przykładzie Laboratorium Kryminalistycznego KWP w Katowicach

51%

Matuszek G.

Zeszyty Naukowe Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Zawodowej im. Witelona w Legnicy

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2019

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issue 4(33)

PL

Monitoringi wizyjne są obecnie jednymi z najszerzej wykorzystywanych środków mających wpływać na poprawę poczucia bezpieczeństwa, ale także umożliwiać realizację funkcji wykrywczej i dowodowej organów ścigania. Wykorzystanie monitoringu przynosi określone korzyści, ale jest również źródłem zagrożeń. Funkcja dowodowa jest jedną z podstawowych funkcji monitoringu wizyjnego. Daje ona możliwość dokonania identyfikacji grupowej lub indywidualnej osób lub przedmiotów w oparciu o materiał dowodowy stanowiący obraz zarejestrowany przez kamery. W strukturze organizacyjnej Laboratorium Kryminalistycznego Komendy Wojewódzkiej Policji w Katowicach funkcjonuje Sekcja Fotografii i Technik Audiowizualnych zajmująca się między innymi wykonywaniem ekspertyz kryminalistycznych z wykorzystaniem materiału dowodowego pochodzącego z monitoringu wizyjnego. Spectrum prowadzonych badań jest szerokie, od oceny wartości dostarczonego materiału, poprzez wykonanie progresji wiekowej, a na identyfikacji kończąc. W latach 2016 – 2017 policyjni biegli z zakresu antroposkopii wykonali łącznie 951 ekspertyz kryminalistycznych, z czego 34 sporządzili eksperci Laboratorium Kryminalistycznego Komendy Wojewódzkiej Policji w Katowicach. Opinie antroposkopijne, w szczególności kategoryczne, mają wpływ na rozstrzygnięcia spraw karnych. W ponad połowie analizowanych spraw karnych sporządzona opinia miała decydujący wpływ na rozstrzygnięcie. Oczywiście, muszą zostać spełnione określone warunki, głównie związane z jakością materiału dowodowego.

EN

Video monitoring is currently one of the most widely used means to improve the sense of security, but also to enable the detection and evidentiary function of law enforcement. The use of monitoring definitely brings benefits, but at the same time it can pose certain threats. The evidentiary function is one of the basic functions of video monitoring. It offers the possibility to identify individuals or groups of people or objects based on evidence in the form of images recorded by cameras. In the organizational structure of the Forensic Laboratory of the Provincial Police Headquarters in Katowice, there is the Photography and Audiovisual Techniques Section which deals, among other things, with performing forensic expertise using evidence from video monitoring. The spectrum of research is broad, from assessing the value of the supplied material, through age progression, to identification. In 2016 and 2017, police experts in the field of anthroposcopy performed a total of 951 forensic expertise, 34 of which were prepared by experts from the Forensic Laboratory of the Provincial Police Headquarters in Katowice. Anthroposcopic opinions, in particular categorical opinions, have an impact on the settlement of criminal cases. In more than half of the criminal cases analyzed, the opinion had a decisive impact on the outcome. Of course, certain conditions must be met, which are mainly related to the quality of the evidence material provided

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1 Internal Security

1 Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje

1 Zeszyty Naukowe Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Zawodowej im. Witelona w Legnicy

1 Gąsiorowski J.

1 Matuszek G.

1 Zubańska M.

1 Zubański S.

2 2019

1 2018

Demand for scientific methods of detecting crimes and criminals, i.e. the beginnings of forensic science in the structures of the Polish State Police

Modern technologies in forensic science

Kryminalistyczne wykorzystanie zapisów monitoringu wizyjnego na przykładzie Laboratorium Kryminalistycznego KWP w Katowicach