Search results

1

Vznik formalismu a nové pojetí vědy

100%

Sousedík P., Svoboda D.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2015

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vol. 63

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issue 3, Special No: Sedmkrát z logiky a metodologie vědy

39-60

EN

According to formalism a mathematician is not concerned with mysterious meta-physical entities but with mathematical symbols themselves. Mathematical entities, on this view, become mere sensible signs. However, the price that has to be paid for this move looks to be too high. Mathematics, which is nowadays considered to be the queen of the sciences, thus turns out to be a content-less game. That is why it seems too absurd to regard numbers and all mathematical entities as mere symbols. T e aim of our paper is to show the reasons that have led some philosophers and mathemati¬cians to accept the view that mathematical terms in a proper sense do not refer to anything and mathematical propositions do not have any real content. At the same time we want to explain how formalism helped to overcome the traditional concept of science.

2

Apoteoza groteski. Borysa Eichenbauma czytanie Gogola

100%

Sidoruk E.

Zagadnienia Rodzajów Literackich

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2016

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vol. 59/120 z. 4

73-81

EN

The aim of the article is to indicate the assumptions which are the basis for setting satire against grotesque by Boris Eichenbaum in his study Jak jest zrobiony „Płaszcz” Gogola. By analyzing Eichenbaum’s argumentation, the author claims that the formalistic conception of literariness, which stresses the autonomous character of an artistic work, was conducive to the tendency for a depreciation of satire and ennoblement of grotesque.

3

Kryteria „logiczności” logiki w ujęciu Susan Haack

88%

Czernecka-Rej B.

Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce

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2012

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issue 50

140-151

PL

In the philosophy of logic the following questions are discussed: What is logic? Which formal systems are systems of logic? What does make them systems of logic? The paper presents and analyses the answers to these questions given by Susan Haack. She adopted the strategy, called the “hospitable policy”, giving the criterion in which formalism is a logical one. In the article I discuss whether the validity of her solutions is correct.

4

Fregovo pojetí aplikace aritmetiky

88%

Sousedík P., Svoboda D.

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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2015

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vol. 63

|

issue 3, Special No: Sedmkrát z logiky a metodologie vědy

101-124

EN

The authors believe that the problem of applicability can be approached in two ways. One approach derives from the fact that the empirical world has been the source of many mathematical concepts, and claims that arithmetic captures reality in the same way as common empirical disciplines. Its miraculous applicability can then be explained by the greater universality of the concepts used. Such an approach is designated a poste¬riori. The other approach to the problem of applicability, designated a priori, assumes that arithmetic is not grounded empirically, in fact it is already there before all expe¬rience. Upon analysis, both approaches authors’ view, these merits and shortcomings were already noticed by Frege. Though his conception is to be classiﬁed as an a priori approach, he – unlike his predecessors – also learned much from proponents of a posteriori conceptions.

5

Matematyka czy teologia? Hilbert, Gordan i początki formalizmu

88%

Olszewski A.

Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce

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2012

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issue 51

131-149

PL

The aim of the article is two-fold: first, to analyse the impact Gordan’s problem had on Hilbert’s Programme and, secondly, to discuss, mainly from the theological standpoint, Gordan’s phrase: ”This is not Mathematics, this is Theology”.

6

Art in and out of context

88%

Ługowska A.

Heteroglossia - studia kulturoznawczo-filologiczne

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2019

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issue 9

235-244

EN

This article discusses the role of context in arts and aesthetic theory and demonstrates that contextual analysis broadens our understanding of these two realms. It demonstrates a codification of an important controversy in aesthetic theory and arts between formalist and contextualist theories. It serves as a means to highlighting some moments in the development of aesthetics and arts that contributed to the rejection of old paradigms (disinterest theory, formalism) and instigated a move towards a more context-focused analyses of art and aesthetics.

7

Ideology in Modern Russian Constitutional Practice

88%

Rudt Y.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica

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2019

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vol. 89

161-177

EN

The article focuses on Russian constitutional ideology with overview of its historical preconditions and analysis of recent significant cases of the Russian Constitutional Court. There is a discussion of gay activist Alekseyev’s case and “foreign agents’ law” case in constitutional practice as most significant examples of positivistic way of legal reasoning. The paper argues that legal positivism through its form – legal formalism is the main ideology in the modern constitutional practice in Russia. This ideology is based on the assumption that constitutional justice can find social truth. German positivistic and Soviet Marxist views have strongly determined the modern Russian constitutional discourse.

8

Elements of the Formal Procedures in Zaum Poetic Experiment

76%

Latifić A.

Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne

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2017

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issue 13

PL

The paper analyzes the elements and strategies of Russian formalism applied to the Russian avantgarde zaum poetic experiment of Alexei Kruchenykh and Viktor Khlebnikov. In futuristic tendencies to create a trans-rational language or zaum language lies the idea of a new voice, sounds and semantic meaning. According to Russian poets the new semantic meaning of the word is obtained only in the process of performing a poem. Also, according to Russian formalism, sound of poem, in the performing process, has its own independent meaning. In this sense zaum experiment in its printed form does not possess a fixed resolution of meanings, but only has potential of meanings. The function of fixed forms, that during the process of performing is to form a new movable semantic meaning.

9

Is Separation of Powers a Useless Concept? Part II: Tripartite System Criticism and Application Problems

75%

Hapla M.

Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review

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2019

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vol. 9

EN

In this paper, the author raised the question of whether the separation of powers is a useless concept. It summarizes some critical arguments against the tripartite separation of powers. The paper deals with application issues related to the separation of powers and distinguishes several attitudes toward them, which it then analyses in more detail. Great attention is dedicated to formalism and functionalism. Eventually, the author wonders whether it would be better to innovate the idea of separation of powers, or to dismiss and replace it with some other principle. He concludes that the separation of powers has problems, but we need to evaluate this idea in relation to its possible alternatives. In such a light it still sounds promising.

10

Ethical vs Ideological in the Literary Discussions in Soviet Ukraine in the 1920s: Boris Eikhenbaum in Kharkiv in 1926

75%

Babak G.

Historyka Studia Metodologiczne

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2019

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vol. 49

11

Penal Order Proceedings as a Manifestation of Permissible Simplification of Certain Procedural Institutions

75%

Kruk E.

|

2018

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vol. 28

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issue 3 English Online Version

71-88

EN

Penal order proceedings are but one type of special procedure. They are characterised by a far-reaching reduction in formalism. The article discusses institutions which are characteristic for this type of proceedings, noting the admissibility of such solutions but also the dangers inherent in adjudication only on the basis of evidence collected by the public prosecutor. In addition, a detailed analysis of the positive and negative criteria for the use of penal order proceedings was presented.

12

Kryzys podstaw matematyki przełomu XIX i XX wieku

71%

Fila M.

Semina Scientiarum

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2014

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vol. 13

EN

By the end of the 19th century, mathematics had become very intensively developed. Mathematical logic became an independent discipline, and in the 1880s Cantor published his work on set theory. All this led to questions about the consistency of mathematical theories and decidability theorems. Therefore, for the second time in the history of mathematics, there emerged a crisis of the basis of mathematics.There were a few ideas for overcoming the crisis. In this paper, there will be described three trends in the philosophy of mathematics in the late 19th and early 20th centuries: logicism (Frege), intuitionism (Brouwer) and formalism (Hilbert). These three trends were described from the philosophical point of view and in the context of the crisis. Moreover, for each of them there will be present the most important methodological assumptions, and I will briefly describe attempts to achieve them. This will describe the problem in such a way that allows for the grasping of important differences and similarities between logicism, intuitionism and formalism and better understand their causes.

13

Teoria poetyki Konstantego Troczyńskiego

71%

Panek S.

Forum Poetyki

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2016

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issue 3

84-95

EN

The article discusses Konstanty Troczyński’s Teoria poetyki (Theory of Poetics) – the Poznań scholar’s first book, with which he earned his doctorate, not published in his lifetime. In presenting Troczyński’s overall scholarly project, Panek presents it as an original response to the challenge of the anti-Positivist turning-point, a polemic both with Tainism and with the reaction to Positivism formulated in terms of the “understanding humanities” of the Baden School and Dilthey.

PL

Artykuł jest omówieniem Teorii poetyki Konstantego Troczyńskiego – niewydanej za życia poznańskiego badacza debiutu książkowego, będącego podstawą jego doktoratu. Autorka, przedstawiając kompletną propozycję Troczyńskiego jako nauki, pokazuje ją jako oryginalną odpowiedź na wyzwania przełomu antypozytywistycznego, polemiczną zarówno wobec tainizmu, jak i reakcji na pozytywizm formułowanych w ramach „humanistyki rozumiejącej” (szkoła badeńska i Dilthey).

14

Taking Matters into our Own Hands: Humanizing Slovak Translation History

71%

Tyšš I., Gromová E.

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2020

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vol. 26

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issue 1

157-176

PL

Historia tłumaczeń zawsze była bardzo ważna dla słowackiej literatury i badań nad tłumaczeniami. W niniejszym artykule omawiamy początki słowackiej historii badańnad tłumaczeniami, których korzenie odnajdziemy w formalizmie i strukturalizmie. Również poddajemy rekonstrukcji linie wpływów aż do obecnych czasów, w których historię tłumaczeń można opisać jako żywą, otwartą, interdyscyplinarną i empiryczną dziedziną. Biorąc pod uwagę również przeszłość, przyglądamy się kilku najnowszym i najistotniejszym słowackim inicjatywom w historii badań nad tłumaczeniami i oceniamy ich potencjał na przyszłość.

EN

Translation history has always played an important role in Slovak literary and translation studies. In our paper we discuss the beginnings of Slovak translation historyresearch, which have their roots in formalism and structuralism, and reconstruct lines of influence to the present when translation history is a lively, open, interdisciplinary,and empirical discipline. With the past in mind, we look at several of the most recent and significant research initiatives in Slovak translation history research and evaluate their potential for the future.

15

Nie tylko technika – ekspresja konstrukcji jako estetyczny walor dzieła architektonicznego

63%

Ośniecka S.

Amor Fati

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2016

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issue 1(5)

45-66

EN

The article raises the problem of aesthetic role of construction in the architectural object. The building’s structure can fulfill its task not only as a technical element – bearing particular load – but it can also be an expressive value of work and, ipso facto, may affect the aesthetics of the building. Construction can be analyzed analogously to parsing the work of abstract art. In the first part of the article theories serving as a base of analysis are presented, such as Heinrich Wölfflin’s theory of formal analysis of work of art, Wassily Kandinsky’s theory respecting aesthetical influence of geometric forms, as well as theories of psychology of perception, developmental psychology and psychological perception of physical strengths acting in the structure. In the second part of the article the author presents examples of architectural objects analyzed in the view of the expression of construction, including various types of construction, among others: Crystal Palace in London, Eiffel Tower in Paris, Centennial Hall in Wrocław and Palazzo del Lavoro in Turin.

16

РОЛЬ ХУДОЖНІХ НАПРЯМІВ У ФОРМУВАННІ ОБРАЗОТВОРЧОГО НАВЧАННЯ В ПОЧАТКОВІЙ ШКОЛІ (1949–1980 рр.)

63%

Малежик Ю.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2014

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issue 9(43)

40-47

EN

In article the analysis is carried out and are defined the main tendencies of development of art education from 1949 to 1980. The historical aspects, socio-economic, political factors and trends in the development of school art education in Ukraine of the studied period are analyzed. The features of art education in secondary school are revealed: its nature and content, aims and objectives, principles and methods of teaching fine arts. As a result of research specifics of realization of problems of art education in the course of program and methodological work at comprehensive schools of Ukraine on the fine arts are studied. Analysis and synthesis of the scientific literature allow to establish that the most important artistic and aesthetic categories reflecting the artistic practice, which, in our opinion, has a direct impact on the educational and upbringing processes by means of arts in school is art direction, that is, the totality of works of art, close to each other on the basis of significant ideological and aesthetic features. In addition, it is the basic unit of the dynamics of development of the history of art. Formation, development, and competing artistic techniques are combined in art direction, but it is also closely associated with the style. In the field of teaching fine arts at elementary school, it is found out, that program and thematic fullness of educational material is important. The main art directions in the fine arts and their influence on subject of a training material are determined by a subject at elementary school. Major factors of influence on formation of subjects, tasks in school programs for elementary school for the fine arts are analyzed. Investigation of the basic artistic movements of the twentieth century gives reason to make some generalizations, namely: in art, the period 1949–1980is referred to as a struggle between realism and modernism, which directly influenced the formation of educational material on the fine arts in the primary school. Studying and understanding the processes that occur in the development of school art education (1949–1980) will assess the place and importance of art trends in the educational process on the fine arts in elementary school.

17

On Suprasubjective Existence in Mathematics

63%

Krajewski S.

Studia Semiotyczne

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2018

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vol. 32

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issue 2

75-86

EN

The professional mathematician is a Platonist with regard to the existence of mathematical entities, but, if pressed to tell what kind of existence they have, he hides behind a formalist approach. In order to take both attitudes into account in a possibly serious way, the concept of suprasubjective existence is proposed. It involves intersubjective existence, plus a stress on objectivity devoid of actual objects. The idea is illustrated, following William Byers, by the phenomenon of the rainbow: it is not an object but can be said to possess a subjective objectivity.

18

Formalizm w stosowaniu prawa a etyka na przykładzie prawnych regulacji ochrony środowiska

63%

Zając A.

Archiwum Filozofii Prawa i Filozofii Społecznej

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2018

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vol. 1(16)

83-93

PL

Tekst dotyczy problematyki formalizmu w stosowaniu prawa jako wieloaspektowego problemu badawczego. W niniejszym ujęciu najważniejszym punktem odniesienia jest etyka, w związku z czym autor pracy uznał za szczególnie doniosłe próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie – czy formalizm w stosowaniu prawa jest etyczny? Samo zagadnienie stosowania prawa ujęte zostało natomiast w dwóch koncepcjach – jako faktyczne przeżycia urzędników pełniących rolę organu administracji publicznej, jak i teoretycznego modelu tego zjawiska. Przy czym za dominującą uznano problematykę przeżyć podmiotów konstytuujących organ stosowania prawa. W tym też obszarze na przykładzie konkretnych regulacji prawnych z zakresu ochrony środowiska przedstawiono problematykę formalizmu i skutki, do których formalizm może prowadzić. Konkluzje pracy prowadzą do wniosku, że postawa formalistyczna opiera się na braku dbałości o tekst prawny, a zatem niestaranności w procesie odtwarzania woli nadawcy komunikatu prawnego. Działanie takie przedstawione jest jako nieetyczne, mogące powodować nieuzasadnione aksjologią danej regulacji prawnej negatywne skutki w życiu jednostki, będącej stroną postępowania.

EN

This paper discusses formalism, a multi-faceted and problematic research topic when applied to law. The most important point of reference in the presented point of view is ethics. That is why the author emphasizes the importance of asking whether formalism is an ethical behaviour in the context of applying the law. The application of law is presented using the following two conceptions: as a behavior of officials, acting as public administration authorities, and as a theoretical model of this phenomenon. This paper is mostly about the first conception: the behaviour of officials and authorities. The problem of formalism and the effects it can lead to are discussed on the basis of specific laws and regulations concerning environmental protection. Research shows that formalism is based on lack of care for the integrity of the legal text and lack of officials’ consistency in recreating the intention of the lawmaker. This kind of activity is presented as unethical, as it may cause unjustified, negative effects in the life of the individual who is a party to the proceedings.

19

Quinean Ontological Commitment Derailed

63%

Kurtz R. M.

Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne

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2013

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issue 24

87 - 113

EN

What should we believe exists? The Quinean response is straightforward: We should believe in all and only those objects over which we must quantify in our best scientific theories. Let us call this view Ontological Commitment = Quantifier Commitment, or OC=QC. The author draws upon resources from Jody Azzouni and Stephen Yablo, who reject this criterion to disrupt a central argument for platonism in mathematics. The project has two parts. First, the negative project is to argue that OC=QC is misguided because we ought not read our ontological commitments off of our quantifier commitments. Second, the positive project is to suggest an alternative criterion to OC=QC that allows us to accept the idea that statements that quantify over mathematical objects that would be abstract if they existed are indispensable to our best scientific theories, but nevertheless reject the existence of numbers.

20

Iz povijesti formalne metode: Poljska „integralistička” škola i Zagrebačka književnoznanstvena škola

63%

Rogić Musa T.

|

2014

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vol. 5

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issue 1

84-133

HR

U radu je riječ o dvjema književnoteorijskim školama formalističkoga usmjerenja: o poljskoj tzv. integralističkoj školi, glavni predstavnik koje je Manfred Kridl, i o Zagrebačkoj književnoznanstvenoj školi, pripadnici koje su se okupljali oko zagrebačkoga časopisa „Umjetnost riječi”. Glavne postavke obiju škola bit će pregledno navedene s obzirom na njihovo mjesto i važnost u cjelokupnoj djelatnosti pravca te međusobno uspoređene, s naglaskom na razlikama unutar njihovih teorijsko-metodoloških temelja. Članak donosi pregled izvora u kojima su prvotne postavke bile formulirane, komentar njihova odjeka u domaćim sredinama te opis statusa formalističke struje u književnoznanstvenim smjerovima koji su ih nasljedovali.

EN

The article discusses the two schools of formalistic literary and theoretical orientations: the Polish integralistic school, the principal representative of which is Manfred Kridl, and the Zagreb school of literary studies, the members of which are clustered around the Zagreb magazine „Umjetnost riječi”. The main settings of both schools will be clearly stated with regard to their place and importance in the overall direction and compared with each other, with an emphasis on differences in the theoretical and methodological foundations of both schools. This article presents an overview of sources in which the original settings were formulated, a comment echoed in their local communities and a description of the current status of formalist directions in which they follow.

Refine search results

Vznik formalismu a nové pojetí vědy

Apoteoza groteski. Borysa Eichenbauma czytanie Gogola

Kryteria „logiczności” logiki w ujęciu Susan Haack

Fregovo pojetí aplikace aritmetiky

Matematyka czy teologia? Hilbert, Gordan i początki formalizmu

Art in and out of context

Ideology in Modern Russian Constitutional Practice

Elements of the Formal Procedures in Zaum Poetic Experiment

Is Separation of Powers a Useless Concept? Part II: Tripartite System Criticism and Application Problems

Ethical vs Ideological in the Literary Discussions in Soviet Ukraine in the 1920s: Boris Eikhenbaum in Kharkiv in 1926

Penal Order Proceedings as a Manifestation of Permissible Simplification of Certain Procedural Institutions

Kryzys podstaw matematyki przełomu XIX i XX wieku

Teoria poetyki Konstantego Troczyńskiego

Taking Matters into our Own Hands: Humanizing Slovak Translation History

Nie tylko technika – ekspresja konstrukcji jako estetyczny walor dzieła architektonicznego

РОЛЬ ХУДОЖНІХ НАПРЯМІВ У ФОРМУВАННІ ОБРАЗОТВОРЧОГО НАВЧАННЯ В ПОЧАТКОВІЙ ШКОЛІ (1949–1980 рр.)

On Suprasubjective Existence in Mathematics

Formalizm w stosowaniu prawa a etyka na przykładzie prawnych regulacji ochrony środowiska

Quinean Ontological Commitment Derailed

Iz povijesti formalne metode: Poljska „integralistička” škola i Zagrebačka književnoznanstvena škola