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Miłosz a amerykańska awangarda: od Pounda do Ashbery’ego

100%

Marcinkiewicz P.

Przekładaniec. Półrocznik Katedry UNESCO do Badań nad Przekładem i Komunikacja Miedzykulturowa UJ

2011

issue 25

121-141

Miłosz was an avant-garde poet who systematically realized his program of rejuvenating mid-twentieth-century Polish poetry: he chose the most appropriate methods and strategies to cure the maladies of Romantic and nationalistic discourses, whose extension seemed urgent in the post-war reality. Although finally he became very critical of avant-garde poetics, such as Ezra Pound’s, his initial, restoring impulse came from the Poundian source: the need to “make it new.” Miłosz’s poetry of the 1970s developed Pound’s formal inventions, particularly the “ideogrammatic method,” generating meanings by contrasting the poem’s fragments. Although the Polish poet often commented critically on the achievements of the American avant-garde of the mid-twentieth century, in fact he admired their artistic freedom. However, he realized that he himself could not contradict the “poetics of salvation” he had been following for years. The world presented in Miłosz’s late poems is not obvious. Its most astonishing feature is the perspective from which the narrator addresses the reader: the almost mystical space, timeless and unspeakable, where the dead meet the living, has nothing to do with a picture of the world based on mimesis. Miłosz’s “second space” has a lot in common with the “real reality” designed by the surrealists, which John Ashbery evokes in his recent poems. Both poets reach a similar mystical point, where the word touches on the mystery.

Vykolejené vyprávění ve středoevropské literatuře po roce 1989

80%

Galmiche X., Košnarová V.

Česká literatura (Czech Literature)

2013

vol. 61

issue 3

337-350

Based on an analysis of three novels: Melancholy of Resistance (Melancholie odporu) (1989) by Hungarian writer László Krasznahorkai (born 1954), Twelve Rings (Dvanáct obručí) (2003) by Ukrainian Yuri Andrukhovych (born 1960) and Gargling with Tar (Kloktat dehet) (2005) by Jáchym Topol (born 1962), this study endeavours to highlight the aesthetics that have emerged since the 1980s. These works have been selected with deliberate care because although they are separated by a certain distance in space and time, they are distinguished by poetics whose description disjointed fiction (romanesque déjanté) expresses the stampede of collective and individual history in a world turned upside down at the end of Communism. This narrative over a number of small apocalypses, fragmentarized to the very brink of incoherence, can be understood as the realism of a disrupted epoch and the transposition of intermedia (with the pithiness of its visual elements, particularly cinematographic) and multimedia (hypertext and online reading) aesthetics, just like a modern form of burlesque.

Na základě analýzy tří románů, a sice Melancholie odporu (1989) maďarského spisovatele Lászlóa Krasznahorkaiho (narozeného v roce 1954), Dvanáct obručí (2003) Ukrajince Jurije Andruchovyče (narozeného v roce 1960) a Kloktat dehet (2005) Jáchyma Topola (narozeného v roce 1962), se studie pokouší analyzovat estetiku objevující se od osmdesátých let. Analyzovaná díla jsou vybrána s pečlivým uvážením, neboť, ačkoli je od sebe odděluje jistá vzdálenost časová i prostorová, jsou určována poetikou, jejíž pojmenování jako vykolejeného vyprávění (romanesque déjanté) vyjadřuje splašení kolektivních i individuálních dějin ve světě rozvraceném koncem komunismu. Tato vyprávění o řadě malých apokalyps a fragmentarizovaná až na samu hranici inkoherence můžeme chápat jako realismus rozvrácené doby, jako transpozici intermediální (pregnantnost vizuálních prvků, zvláště kinematografických) a multimediální (hypertext a čtení na síti) estetiky stejně jako současnou podobu grotesky.

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1 Przekładaniec. Półrocznik Katedry UNESCO do Badań nad Przekładem i Komunikacja Miedzykulturowa UJ

1 Česká literatura (Czech Literature)

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1 Galmiche X.

1 Košnarová V.

1 Marcinkiewicz P.

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Miłosz a amerykańska awangarda: od Pounda do Ashbery’ego

Vykolejené vyprávění ve středoevropské literatuře po roce 1989