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Słowenia: ustawa o Radzie Państwa Republiki Słowenii z 10 września 1992 r.

100%
Pogłódek A.
Przegląd Sejmowy
|
2019
|
issue 4(153)
171–186
EN
The translated text in the Slovenian act on the National Council of 10 September 1992. The second chamber of the parliament was established in accordance with the Slovenian Constitution of 23 December 1991. Such concept of the second chamber resulted from the tradition of corporative representation, the existence of the three-chamber Skupstina in the People’s Republic of Slovenia, as well as the model of a second chamber of this kind, functioning in Bavaria at the time and still functioning in Ireland. The Slovenian second chamber is therefore one of the few upper chambers elected on the basis of functional representation. It is the representation of social, economic, professional and local interests. With the National Assembly, the chamber participates in exercising the legislative power; it may also, i.a., submit a motion for the appointment of an investigative committee or holding a referendum – a motion binding for the National Assembly. It is also vested with limited oversight competences of the executive. The act contains mostly regulations on the manner of electing the National Council, its internal organization and the status of its members. The act also regulates matters related to the works of the National Council.
2
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Regulamin Rady Państwa Republiki Słowenii

100%
Pogłódek A.
Przegląd Sejmowy
|
2023
|
issue 6(179)
191–226
EN
The National Council was provided for in the Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia of 23 of December 1991. The second chamber of the Slovenian Parliament, together with the State Assembly, forms part of the legislature. However, it differs significantly from it, particularly with regard to the way in which its composition is determined. The National Council is in the body representing social, economic, professional and local interests. Therefore, elections to this body are neither universal nor direct. Nevertheless, this body is not a typical representative authority because its members are elected on the basis of functional representation. The Council of State has both “soft” powers related to the expression of opinions, as well as “hard” powers allowing it to effectively influence the work of National Assembly and the law-making process in the Republic of Slovenia. The latter powers include, for example, the right of legislative initiative and the right of suspensive veto. The presented Rules of Procedure contain provisions on the exercise of the powers granted to the National Council.
3

Europejski Komitet Ekonomiczno-Społeczny Unii Europejskiej – organ reprezentacji funkcjonalnej czy instytucja fasadowa?

72%
Graniszewski L.
Przegląd Europejski
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2015
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issue 3(37)
66-81
PL
W artykule autor zwraca uwagę na różnice między zakładaną w traktatach i deklaracjach pozycją Komitetu jako społecznego sumienia UE a praktycznymi możliwościami i efektami spełniania tej pozycji. Analiza dotyczy struktury oraz sposobu funkcjonowania Komitetu, a także funkcji realnie wypełnianych przez Komitet Społeczno-Ekonomiczny jako „pomost” między UE a zorganizowanym społeczeństwem obywatelskim.
EN
In the article the author draws his attention to the differences between the position of the Committee as a social conscience of the EU (that has been declared in the treaties and declarations) and the practical possibilities to fulfil this role and its results. The analysis featured covers the structure and the manner of operation of the Committee, and, in particular, the functions actually fulfilled by the Committee in its role of the bridge between the EU and the organised civil society.
4
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Bilans poprawek do konstytucji Republiki Irlandzkiej dotyczących Seanad Éireann

72%
Barbarewicz M.
Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego
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2023
|
issue 6(76)
59-72
PL
Seanad Éireann w Republice Irlandii, będąc współcześnie jednym z nielicznych przykładów izby parlamentu realizującej formułę reprezentacji funkcjonalnej, jest często obiektem krytyki i propozycji reform konstytucyjnych w zakresie jego funkcjonowania oraz, w szczególności, sposobu wyboru jego członków. Dotychczasowe poprawki dotyczące Senatu – VII z 1979 r. i XXXII z 2013 r. zakończyły się porażką i nie zrealizowały towarzyszących im podstawowych założeń dotyczących reformy ustrojowej. Artykuł przybliża sposób kształtowania składu Seanad Éireann, historyczny kontekst opracowania obu poprawek, okoliczności prób ich wdrażania, porażek w tym zakresie oraz konsekwencje braku ich realizacji oraz zawiera refleksję nad przyszłością izby i wskazanie kolejnych prób dalszej jej reformy.
EN
Seanad Éireann in the Republic of Ireland, being currently one of the few examples of a chamber of parliament implementing the formula of functional representation, is often the object of criticism and proposals for constitutional reforms in terms of its functioning and, in particular, the method of electing its members. The previous amendments related to the Senate – VII of 1979 and XXXII of 2013 – ended in failure and did not implement the accompanying basic ideas regarding the systemic reform. The article introduces the composition of Seanad Éireann, the historical context of the development of both amendments, the context of attempts to implement them, failures in this regard and the consequences of this failure and includes a reflection on the future of the chamber and an indication of further attempts at its reform.
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