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Tough-constructions and the issue of thematicity: a study of the word easy in 17th and 18th century English

100%

Popelíková J.

Linguistica Pragensia

2015

vol. 25

issue 1

37-48

This article presents an analysis of tough-constructions (TCs) which attempts to describe the formal syntactic properties of these constructions in light of their functional sentence perspective (FSP). It has been suggested by Quirk et al. (1985), Mair (1989) and Biber et al. (1999) that the usage of TCs appears to be motivated, inter alia, by the information structure of the sentence’s content, i.e. the ordering of individual clause elements in such a way that the linear arrangement complies with, or at least closely imitates, the natural progression of an utterance from what is circumstantially given to what is immediately new. TCs, therefore, are expected to be favoured in situations when the noun phrase in the position of their subject is functionally thematic, containing a piece of information that has already been mentioned in the previous discourse. The present study is based on the data obtained from the Old Bailey Proceedings and Ordinary’s Accounts published between the years 1675 and 1775.

Kontrastivní lingvistika a paralelní korpusy

72%

Dušková L.

Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)

2017

vol. 99

issue 2

193-213

The article presents a brief survey of English-Czech contrastive studies based on original texts and their translations from the beginnings in the mid-fifties of the last century to the present. Until the first decade of the present century, excerption was done manually, which limited the research to a small number of samples. The early studies of English largely concentrated on sentence condensation and nominal tendencies in the expression of the predicate, as compared with the verbal character of Czech. In connection with the development of the theory of functional sentence perspective other topics were found in this sphere, especially as regards word order. While the former studies can be currently pursued on the basis of InterCorp at a qualitatively higher level, research into FSP topics remains restricted to issues involving variables with formalizable realization forms. The main part of the paper focuses on some of the fallacies involved in using translation counterparts as the basis of contrastive research. One of them is the possible influence of the original; others appear in such areas as the choice of translation counterparts with respect to the issue under investigation, the assessment of their adequacy, including the possibility of misrepresentation by the translator, the validity of the translation counterpart (which is in most cases limited, as alternatives are possible) and others. In studies of functional sentence perspective a point to be considered is equivocal interpretation of the FSP structure in the original. These points are illustrated by translation counterparts in two translations of the same novel.

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1 Linguistica Pragensia

1 Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)

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1 2015

1 Dušková L.

1 Popelíková J.

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Tough-constructions and the issue of thematicity: a study of the word easy in 17th and 18th century English

Kontrastivní lingvistika a paralelní korpusy