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Stress among nurses from countries variously affected by the COVID-19 pandemic – results collected in Poland and Iran

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Piotrowski A., Nikkhah-Farkhani Z., Makarowski R.
Medycyna Pracy
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2021
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vol. 72
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issue 5
457-465
EN
BackgroundNursing involves numerous stressful situations, such as overwork, night shifts, responsibility for the patients’ health, rapid pace of work, emotional demands, contact with suffering individuals, and patients’ aggressive behaviors. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is an additional demand on the already demanding profession. Thus, the aim of the current study was to assess the character of the relationship between overwork and subjectively experienced stress, taking into account the moderating role of contact with patients and work in facilities dedicated for COVID-19 patients, and the strategies of coping with stress, including resilience, in countries affected by the pandemic to various degrees.Material and MethodsThe study was carried out on 151 Iranian and 158 Polish nurses at the beginning of June 2020. The following research tools were used: the Overwork Climate Scale, the Brief COPE, the Resilience Scale, and the Perception of Stress Questionnaire. The participants were also asked about their contacts with patients infected with COVID-19, and work in facilities dedicated for such patients.ResultsPolish and Iranian nurses reported similar levels of overwork, but they differed with respect to the level of subjectively experienced stress and they used different coping strategies to various degrees. Contact with patients infected with COVID-19 and work in facilities dedicated for such patients also moderated the relationship between overwork climate and resilience.ConclusionsStress levels among Iranian and Polish nurses during the pandemic are different and are related to the intensity of contact with patients infected with COVID-19. Culture and context have an important impact on coping strategies which requires further studies with a multinational approach.
2
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Cognitive flexibility and flexibility in coping in nurses – the moderating role of age, seniority and the sense of stress

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Kruczek A., Basińska M. A., Janicka M.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2020
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vol. 33
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issue 4
507-521
EN
ObjectivesThe nursing profession entails many stressful situations and challenges, such as heavy workload, shift work, emotional demands and professional conflicts. In the light of the results of the research conducted so far, flexible coping has occurred to be highly adaptive, as its association with adaptive struggle with the disease, fewer depressive symptoms and both greater mental well-being and better health have been proven. In connection with the above, the aim of this study was to determine the nature of the relationship between cognitive flexibility and flexibility in coping in nurses, taking into account the moderating role of age of the respondents, seniority and the sense of stress.Material and MethodsThe study sample consisted of 280 persons working as nurses (age range: 21–66). The number of women and men reflected their percentage distribution in this profession, as it is highly feminized. The following methods were used in the study: the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI) by Dennis and Vander Wal, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) by Cohen et al., the Flexibility in Coping with Stress Questionnaire (FCSQ-14) by Basińska et al., and a self-developed survey.ResultsAs the obtained research results show, cognitive flexibility in both the Control and Alternatives subscales was a predictor of flexible coping and their subscales. The analysis revealed that the model of the relationship between cognitive flexibility and flexibility in coping was moderated by age, seniority and the sense of stress.ConclusionsCoping skills and flexibility are positively correlated with the psychological adjustment of nurses.
3
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Supervize jako jedna z možností prevence a ovlivnění syndromu vyhoření ve zdravotnictví

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Janíková E., Bužgová R.
Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)
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2017
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vol. 61
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issue 4
363-378
EN
The objective of the review is to discuss research papers related to supervision as one of the possibilities of prevention and affection of burnout syndrome among health care workers. The selection included studies examining supervision in relation to burnout syndrome. For the review were used electronic databases EbscoHost, Scopus, Medline, Cinahl with full text and OvidSP. The criterion for the search was the publishing between years 1995 and 2015, the availability of full text in Czech or English language and the link to the research question. There were found 350 studies in total. For the final processing were used 28 studies which fullfiled chosen criteria. According to the analysis of the studies and sources, there is some influence of clinical supervision on different aspects of burnout syndrome and also on factors associated with job satisfaction, interpersonal relationship and selfawareness/ self-improvement. The most important factor is the personality of the supervisor and the interval of provided clinical supervision during the evaluation process. According to this study and available theoretical resources, there is the impact of clinical supervision on health care workers. There is an association between burnout syndrome (particularly depersonalization and emotional exhaustion) and the participation in the clinical supervision. Apart from burnout syndrome, there is some influence on job satisfaction and quality of provided care. The factors which affect the influence of clinical supervision are the personality of the supervisor and duration of clinical supervision. As for barriers to implement the clinical supervision to practice, it was identified e.g., the disorganisation, work on shifts, lack of guidelines and limited financial sources. Although there are some barriers of implementation of clinical supervision to clinical practice, the authors stress the fact that the clinical su
CS
Cílem práce je diskutovat nalezené výzkumné studie týkající se supervize jako jedné z možností prevence a ovlivnění syndromu vyhoření u pracovníků ve zdravotnictví. Do výběru byly zařazeny studie zkoumající supervizi ve vztahu k syndromu vyhoření. Pro získání dat byly použity elektronické databáze EbscoHost, Scopus, Medline, Cinahl with full text a OvidSP. Kritériem pro vyhledávání bylo publikování v rozmezí let 1995 a 2015, dostupnost plného textu v českém nebo anglickém jazyce a souvislost s výzkumnou otázkou. Celkem bylo nalezeno 350 studií. Pro konečné zpracování bylo použito 28 nalezených dokumentů, které splňovaly zadaná kritéria. Z analýzy dohledaných studií je patrný vliv supervize na jednotlivé aspekty syndromu vyhoření a dále také na faktory související s pracovní spokojeností, mezilidskými vztahy a seberozvojem osobnosti. Jako stěžejní se při hodnocení poskytovaných supervizí jeví osobnost supervizora a interval poskytovaných supervizí. Na základě studia uvedených zdrojů můžeme uvést význam absolvovaných supervizí pro pracovníky ve zdravotnictví. Byla prokázána souvislost mezi syndromem vyhoření (zejm. částí depersonalizace a emocionální vyčerpání) a účastí na supervizních setkáních. Kromě syndromu vyhoření byl prokázán vliv supervize na pracovní spokojenost a kvalitu poskytované péče. Faktory, které vliv supervize mohou ovlivnit, jsou zejména osobnost supervizora a délka trvání supervize. Jako bariéry pro zavádění supervize do praxe byly identifikovány např. směnnost, neorganizovanost, neexistence jednotných předpisů a omezené finanční zdroje. Přesto je třeba zdůraznit význam supervize jako preventivního faktoru zamezujícímu syndromu vyhoření u pracovníků ve zdravotnictví.
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