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EN
Problems such as environmental pollution, the depletion of the ozone layer, the melting of glaciers due to global warming, the decline in clean resources and the extinction of some species have prompted people to consider the idea of a more sustainable world. In this process, humanity is going through a mental transformation and gaining some awareness. As emphasized in this study, all crises (accidents, fi res, outbreaks, etc.) experienced worldwide have been the driving forces for environmental transformations. Environmentalist movements emerging from this orientation have also found their place in the world of science and therefore in the marketing literature. From this point of view, the aim of this study is to explain the scientifi c publications inspired by the environmental transformations experienced chronologically and to reveal the part that is present in the marketing literature. In this study, it has been shown with which intensity environmental studies have been included in the marketing literature. In addition, it was determined which marketing journals were discussed intensely. This study points to potential academic fi elds of study. Finally, this study emphasizes that while trying to explain green consumer profi les, attention should be paid to macro factors (lifestyle, sociological variables, etc.) in addition to micro factors such as values and norms. National and corporate green policies can be more successful if handled in this context.
EN
The strategic importance of green marketing (GM) in value creation for the end customer (VCEC) and the contribution of the spatial and structural characteristics of a residential project (RP) to the final price have been acknowledged in the literature. However, GM features that can lead to price increases have not been evaluated from the VCEC perspective. This study examines the impacts of GM strategies on RPs. This study applies Hedonic Price Modelling to newly built RPs in Istanbul and evaluates the results from the perspective of the Attractive Quality Attributes Theory. The results showed that the total price of the RPs was affected more by design-related sustainable features of RPs and revealed that there is a relationship between GM and sustainable design. The study highlights the importance of GM, which companies can use to operate effectively in a competitive market and increase the satisfaction of end customers through value creation. The study’s findings can be considered useful information for policies on creating a sustainable built environment.
EN
Many companies know that the essence of business success lies in a responsible approach to entrepreneurship. Smart companies therefore not only focus on financial issues and economics, but also on the environmental and social issues related to their business activities. Green marketing is a modern tool with which to adopt current environmental trends across a broad spectrum of business activities, including those of the hotel industry, and is increasingly being perceived as providing a competitive advantage. The aim of this article is to find out consumersʼ perceptions of green marketing as a source of competitive advantage in the hotel industry. It includes a literature review of both domestic and foreign sources on the issue of green marketing and its usage within the hotel industry. The main part of the article is an analysis of the principles that underly the use of green marketing in the hotel industry, which is based on the results of a questionnaire survey conducted among Slovak consumers. On the basis of the analysis, proposals are put forward for the effective implementation of these principles in the hotel industry.
EN
The article examines the theoretical and methodological substantiation of the environmental imperative formation and its impact on the marketing concept transformation in the context of business globalization of the digital society. The periodization of the main trends and stages of the societal marketing of interaction is shown, the modern tendency of a mass shift in marketing towards the greening of business and the ecological positioning of goods and services, the development of environmentally oriented consumers segment in the context of social responsibility of business formation is emphasized. The essential characteristics of environmental marketing are revealed, approaches to its classification, based on the goals of the tasks of economic entities, are structured, which makes it possible to fully reveal the essence of the environmental imperative of modern societal marketing of interaction. Environmental marketing tools, which are aimed at creating competitive advantages, as well as promoting environmental initiatives were specified and structured.
EN
The present study was created in order to customise the marketing mix for non-purchasers of eco-friendly products by studying their perspectives on the introduction of eco-friendly variants of the regular products that they are using in particular product categories (personal care and home care). Overall previous literature reviews in this area imply that there is a gap in the scientific literature on the marketing mix formulation for converting non-purchasers into purchasers of eco-friendly products to augment eco-friendly product sales and adopt green marketing. As literature reviews had clearly indicated that green purchasers have a very low percentage when compared to non-purchasers, the purpose is to create new opportunities for successful green marketing as the study tries to convert non-purchasers into purchasers. We used descriptive research design to study a sample of 885 respondents, who were surveyed in 2 cities in the Tamil Nadu state in India, to acquire an in-depth understanding of consumer behaviour that would enable the consumption of eco-friendly products among non-purchasers. The results reveal the marketing mix requirement and the eco-friendly aspects needed by the non-purchasers in order to buy the eco-friendly variants. The research sheds light on the product, price and promotion components that will attract non-purchases of eco-friendly products to buy eco-friendly products, thus facilitating green marketing mix adaptation. The study will provide valuable input for further research in formulating the marketing mix necessary to enable consumption of eco-friendly products in different geographical locations and various product categories.
PL
Osiągnięcie określonego poziomu świadomości ekologicznej powoduje, że konsumenci zaczynają postrzegać swoje decyzje zakupowe z nieco innej perspektywy ‒ produkty przyjazne środowisku coraz bardziej zyskują na popularności. Klienci wymagają proekologiczności od nabywanych dóbr. W artykule zaprezentowane zostały wybrane proekologiczne działania podejmowane przez producentów sprzętu RTV/AGD. Pokazano proces ich komunikowania się z potencjalnymi nabywcami. W procesie tym ważne są nie tylko głośne akcje promocyjne, ale całościowa polityka informacyjna skierowana do szerokiego grona odbiorców. Bez wątpienia wyjście poza deklaracje i podejmowanie faktycznych działań lub angażowanie się w już istniejące eko-inicjatywy dowodzi rzeczywistej troski o dobro klienta, a docelowo również środowiska naturalnego. Coraz więcej podmiotów ma świadomość siły trendu ekologizacji i konsekwencji zignorowania zmian w zachowaniach rynkowych konsumentów.
EN
Achievement of a definite level of ecological awareness causes that consumers begin to perceive their purchasing decisions from a little bit different perspective ‒ the environment- friendly products become more and more popular. Customers require the proecological stance of the goods they purchase. In her article, the author presented some proecological measures being undertaken by manufacturers of radio and television devices and domestic electric appliances. She presented the process of their communication with potential purchasers. In this process, there are important not only far-famed promotional actions but the comprehensive information policy addressed to a wide range of recipients. No doubt, excessing declarations and undertaking actual actions or being involved in the already existing eco-initiatives proves the real concern about customer’s best interest and, finally, also the natural environment. More and more entities are aware of the power of the trend for the greening and consequences of ignoring the changes in the consumers’ market behaviours.
EN
The term 'carbon footprint' appears in the surrounding reality more and more often. We encounter it as consumers when making consumer choices and as members of the various communities who are responsible for the environment and the planet. This term also appears in organizations and enterprises, e.g. as an element of marketing and PR strategies or requirements in announced tenders. It is an green marketing tool of increasing importance. During contacts with industry representatives, it was found that many Polish entrepreneurs are confused what are the benefits of calculating the carbon footprint, and how it can be calculated. There is a need for a summary of information that will help to organize the topic from the point of view of an entrepreneur who is not specialized in life cycle assessment or climate change. The article, using a systematic approach, introduces the concept of the carbon footprint, the possibilities of its application, the methodology of its calculation and examples of activities enabling its reduction. Thus, it aims to make it easier for entrepreneurs to consider the feasibility and advisability of calculating and monitoring the carbon footprint for their organization. Additionally, the paper may contribute to the popularization of the carbon footprint application among Polish entrepreneurs, as well as to greater care for the environment and climate.
PL
Termin „ślad węglowy” pojawia się w otaczającej nas rzeczywistości coraz częściej. Napotykamy go jako konsumenci podczas dokonywania wyborów konsumenckich oraz jako członkowie różnych społeczności, odpowiedzialni za środowisko i planetę. Termin ten jest również coraz częściej wykorzystywany przez organizacje i przedsiębiorstwa, np. jako element strategii marketingowych, PR-owych lub wymagań w ogłaszanych przetargach. Jest to narzędzie marketingu ekologicznego o rosnącym z roku na rok znaczeniu. Podczas kontaktów z przedstawicielami przemysłu stwierdzono, że wielu przedsiębiorców nie ma jasności co do tego, jakie są korzyści związane z obliczaniem śladu węglowego oraz w jaki sposób może on być obliczany. Istnieje potrzeba zbiorczego zestawienia informacji, które pomogą uporządkować tę tematykę z punktu widzenia przedsiębiorcy, który nie specjalizuje się w ocenie cyklu życia ani ocenie zmian klimatycznych. Artykuł, wykorzystując systematyczne podejście do tematu, przybliża pojęcie śladu węglowego, możliwości jego zastosowania, metodykę jego obliczania i prezentuje przykłady działań umożliwiających jego obniżanie. Ma zatem na celu ułatwienie przedsiębiorcom rozważenia możliwości i celowości obliczania i monitorowania śladu węglowego ich organizacji. Dzięki temu artykuł może się również przyczynić do popularyzacji wykorzystania śladu węglowego wśród polskich przedsiębiorców, a także do większej troski o środowisko i klimat.
PL
Libertariański paternalizm i zielony marketing tworzą solidny zestaw bodźców i uwarunkowań, które pomagają konsumentom podejmować lepsze decyzje. Dzięki nim konsumenci mogą przyczyniać się do zrównoważonego rozwoju, który jest tak bardzo ważny w dzisiejszej dobie walki z zanieczyszczeniem środowiska i dającym się we znaki efektem cieplarnianym. W artykule przedstawiono definicje obu pojęć i pokazano, w jaki sposób odnoszą się do konsumenta i wspomagają jego proekologiczne zachowania konsumpcyjne. Zwrócono również uwagę na nowoczesną wiedzę z zakresu neuronauki, która może wpływać na większą skuteczność działań w obszarze libertariańskiego paternalizmu i zielonego marketingu. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie możliwości, jakie daje neuronauka do podjęcia współpracy rządu i przedsiębiorstw prywatnych w celu osiągnięcia zrównoważonego rozwoju. Artykuł ma charakter przeglądowy i koncepcyjny.
EN
Libertarian paternalism and green marketing create a solid set of incentives and conditions that help consumers make better decisions. Thanks to them, consumers can contribute to sustainable development which is so important in today’s era of combating environmental pollution and the greenhouse effect. In the article, we present the definitions of both concepts and show how they relate to the consumer and support their pro-ecological consumption behaviour. We also draw attention to modern knowledge in the field of neuroscience which may influence the effectiveness of activities in the area of libertarian paternalism and green marketing. The article is of the review and conceptual nature.
RU
Либертарианский патернализм и зеленый маркетинг создают солидный набор стимулов и обусловленностей, которые помогают потребителям принимать лучшие решения. Благодаря им потребители могут способствовать устойчивому развитию, которое столь важно в нынешнее время борьбы с загрязнением среды и угнетающим парниковым эффектом. В статье авторы представили дефиниции обоих понятий и указали, каким образом они касаются потребителя и способствуют его проэкологическому потребительскому поведению. Они обращают внимание на современные знания в области нейронауки, которая может влиять на бóльшую эффективность действий в сфере либертарианского патернализма и зеленого маркетинга. Цель статьи – указать возможности, какие сулит нейронаука, для приступления к сотрудничеству правительства и частных предприятий для достижения устойчивого развития. Статья имеет обзорный и концептуальный характер.
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