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Hate Symbols and hand Gestures on Polish Stadiums

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Jurczak J.

Internal Security

2010

vol. 2(2)

59-72

To give a general view on the importance of the problem of football hooliganism, is essential to analyse all the aspect of it, such as criminological, psychological, sociological, as well as preventive one. Unfortunately nowadays one of the most noticeable problems relating to the safety and security of the football game are incidents of racist nature and other extreme behaviour, as well as specific activity of many different hate groups. That is why the main purpose of this article is to analyse the problem of using forbidden symbols, logos and gestures on polish stadiums The main part of this article contains a large amount of information, both graphic and written, about the most popular symbols and hand signs which are used by Neo-Nazist, racist, skinheads and other hate groups in Poland. The results of the research are based on author's observation, which consist of 60 photos taken since 2001 to 2009 on polish stadiums by 'NEVER AGAIN' Association. It is very important for football community and law enforcement agencies to recognize these symbols and what they mean. Through knowledge of hate symbols, police officers may be able to identify hate group members, also to identify individuals who are involved in racist and anti-Semitic incidents.Also please note that the article expresses only personal views of the author.

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Hate Symbols and hand Gestures on Polish Stadiums