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South Africa’s rural mental health human resource crisis: a situation analysis and call for innovative task-shifting

100%
De Kock J., Pillay B.
Family Medicine & Primary Care Review
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2018
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issue 2
124-130
2
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Work for the Prison Service: selected health consequences – investigating the role of personal resources, job demands, work stress, and burnout

100%
Sygit-Kowalkowska E., Orlak K., Stolarski M.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2023
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vol. 36
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issue 6
744-760
EN
Objectives The specific job demands of the Prison Service (PS) may affect the health of officers. The job demands-resources model (JD-R) model was used to design a survey of the consequences of working subject to particular job demands. The aim was to gain an insight into the relationship between job demands, personal resources, occupational stress and burnout and selected health consequence indicators (such as behaviors associated with the consumption of alcohol, stress symptoms). Material and Methods A total of 1732 PS officers in Poland were surveyed. The following tools were used as part of the survey: the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II), the Multidimensional Inventory for Assessing Coping Responses (COPE), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and a form with a respondent’s particulars. Path analysis using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was performed. Results The assumed hypotheses were partially confirmed by the results. Out of 4 job demands categories only work pace turned out not to be a significant predictor of burnout and stress. For alcohol related behaviors, stress level was the only significant predictor, both as a direct and indirect effect taking into account job demands. It transpired that support from superiors rather than support from colleagues or self-efficacy was a significant moderator in the emotional demands – stress relationship. Limitations of the study and perspectives for its continuation are also presented herein. Conclusions Based on the obtained results it may be concluded that job demands and support from superiors do have an impact on stress in the PS group. This is also consistent with available reports in literature. At the same time stress is a significant predictor of alcohol related behaviors. Coping through the use of psychoactive substances was not a significant factor in statistical analyses and it has still not been subject to sufficient scientific analysis.
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Health Care Resource Utilization after Acute Ankle Sprains

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Bielska I. A., Pickett W., Brison R., Brouwer B., Johnson A. P.
Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie
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2012
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vol. 10
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issue 2
106–110
EN
Ankle sprains are common soft-tissue injuries that are often treated in emergency departments. These injuries can have significant consequences for the patient, including long-term morbidity and loss of productivity. The objective of this study was to examine the direct and indirect health resource utilization associated with ankle sprains. 296 adult patients with acute ankle sprains participated in the study in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. Data were collected using a one-month productivity questionnaire. Overall, 11% (95% CI, 8-15%) of the participants visited a physician following the initial emergency department visit. Almost all (95%; 95% CI, 92-97%) of the participants used medications or supportive treatments and 55% (95% CI, 50-61%) reported taking time off from work, school, or housework. The use of unpaid assistance was indicated by 56% (95% CI, 50-62%). Findings from this analysis highlight the significant patient-related and health care system burden of acute ankle sprains.
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Poczucie własnej skuteczności i umiejscowienie kontroli jako zasoby determinujące podejmowanie zachowań związanych ze zdrowiem

84%
Nowicki G. J., Ślusarska B., Zboina B., Deluga A.
Acta Scientifica Academiae Ostroviensis. Sectio A, Nauki Humanistyczne, Społeczne i Techniczne
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2017
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issue 10(2)/2017
18-37
PL
Zasoby (potencjały) zdrowotne można określić jako specyficzne właściwości funkcjonalne człowieka i jego środowiska, które pełnią funkcję regulacyjną i prozdrowotną. Coraz częściej zwraca się uwagę na konieczność pomnażania zasobów zdrowia oraz ochronę ich przez całe życie. Powiązanie zdrowia ze stylem życia wymaga udzielenia pomocy jednostce w zakresie modyfikowania indywidualnych wzorów zachowań oraz kształtowania prozdrowotnego stylu życia, polegającego na świadomym podejmowaniu określonych działań, które zwiększają zasoby własnego zdrowia oraz eliminują zagrożenia. Kluczową rolę w tym procesie przypisuje się predyktorom poznawczym, takim jak poczucie umiejscowienia kontroli i przekonanie o własnej skuteczności.
EN
Health resources (potentials) can be defined as specific functional properties of a person and his/her environment, acting as the regulatory and health prevention. Increasingly, the attention is drawn to the need of multiplying health resources and protecting them for a lifetime. Linking health with lifestyle requires providing the individual with the help of modifying individual behavior patterns and shaping a pro-health lifestyle based on conscious undertaking of specific activities that increase the resources of one's own health and eliminate threats. The key role in this process is attributed to cognitive predictors, such as the sense of location of control and belief in self-efficacy.
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