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1

ДИДАКТОГЕННІ ФАКТОРИ, ЩО НЕГАТИВНО ВПЛИВАЮТЬ НА РІВЕНЬ ЗДОРОВ’Я ДІТЕЙ У ЗАГАЛЬНООСВІТНІХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДАХ

100%
Дяченко-Богун М.
Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології
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2016
|
issue 2(56)
123-129
EN
The purpose of the article is to identify didactic origin factors that affect negatively the level of children’s health in secondary schools and cause reduction of students’ motor activity, lack of commitment to a healthy lifestyle, lack of formation of valuable orientations in the field of health preservation. The article points out that the consequences of the lack of implementation in the educational process of health-saving technologies produce children morbidity rate growth, which leads to the fact that about 75 % of adult diseases are a consequence of lifestyle in childhood and adolescence. The analysis of creating of the health-saving environment in education institutions indicates a lasting impact on children’s health of socioeconomic, teaching and environmental factors that have didactic origin nature. Among these factors are often called: intensification of the educational process; stress which is a consequence of the authoritarian pedagogy; systematic early start of pre-school education; inconsistency of the software and technology training with functional and age peculiarities of pupils; failure to comply with basic physiological and hygienic requirements of the educational process; lack of teachers’ training of in the children’s health development; shortcomings in the existing system of physical education. The main causes of the deterioration of the students’ health in secondary schools are: violation of psycho-hygienic and hygienic requirements of the educational process; violation of a rest regime; lack of sufficient motor activity; constant stress associated with congestion training programs; bad selection and inefficient use of educational technologies during teacher training; authoritarian style of communication; lack of knowledge on the psychology and physiology of teachers and educators; low level of training and educational work with students on a healthy lifestyle; lack of teachers and parents’ necessary knowledge to preserve and strengthen the health of children. Practical activity of the future biology teachers, which was carried out during the pedagogical practice in secondary schools led to the convincing conclusion that the current intensification of the educational process, curriculum overload is the biggest negative factor of general health-saving environment that adversely affects the level of students’ health.
2

ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ АРТ-ТЕРАПІЇ ПІД ЧАС ВИВЧЕННЯ НАВЧАЛЬНОГО ПРЕДМЕТУ «ОСНОВИ ЗДОРОВ’Я» У ЗАГАЛЬНООСВІТНІХ НАВЧАЛЬНИХ ЗАКЛАДАХ

75%
Ольховик А., Мордвінова І.
Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології
|
2016
|
issue 5(59)
329-335
EN
The main task of the modern school is provision benign, health-saving educational environment, it is possible through renovation of curriculum, plans and methods of conducting classes, educational activities and organization of teaching and education of using the latest technologies of health-saving. The purpose of the article is to reveal the nature and content of art therapy and the main conditions for their successful use on the lessons of health basics in elementary school. Under the theme and purpose, the following tasks are defined: identify aspects of educational activities using art therapy at the lessons «Fundamentals of health» in the primary school; determine the effectiveness of the use of one type of health-saving technology. To achieve this goal and resolve identified tasks the following methods were used: analysis of methodological and educational materials and teacher’s observation. Health-saving process of introducing technology in the educational process of primary schools includes a number of components, one of which is art therapy. A variety of forms of art therapy allows to use it at different stages of the lesson: actualization of basic knowledge of primary school children; learning new material; consolidation of the acquired knowledge and skills; during physical workout etc. Despite the variety of art-therapy types that primary school teachers use such types of art therapy attracted our attention: tales-therapy, play therapy and musical therapy which are used at the lessons of «Fundamentals of health» as a way to motivate the learner to permanent healthy lifestyles and safe life. The main task of the tales-therapy during teaching «Fundamentals of health» are: modeling specific situations, their staging; discussing the behavior of the characters; separation of positive and negative traits of the fairytale characters, which is aimed at improving the efficiency of practice of learner. Game-therapy is one of the most effective forms of work with children, which helps to interest and encourage them to study and assimilation of a new material. At all the lessons teachers use a method of health-saving technology like music therapy. This method is combined with exercises for eyes, finger exercises, acupressure, active physical training workouts, and breathing exercises by O. M. Strelnikova, accompanied by appropriate music, dance moves, poetry and video files. One of the interesting and effective methods of health-saving technology is aromatherapy, which helps stimulate brain activity of children to focus their attention and conduct disease prevention. Analysis of modern scientific and methodological literature, summarizing the experience of leading experts indicate that the implementation of such health-saving technology as art therapy is not justified and not completely investigated in the study process of school subject «Fundamentals of health» in primary school. Prospects for further research are related to the study of the effectiveness and methodology of lessons «Fundamentals of health» and the use of art therapy in secondary schools.
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