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EN
The features shared by speech and music are particularly noticeable in prosody. The results of studies on the connections between perception processes of the two phenomena, although important from the perspective of the use of music in measures serving to shape the prosody of speech, are described comparatively seldom in literature. There are also few reports concerning persons with impaired hearing. The article presents the results of the authors’ own research on the perception of musical phenomena – melody and rhythm as well as intonation in speech by prelingual hearing-impaired children with hearing aids. As compared with the control group, the results show a lower perception skill of the subjects in respect of all these phenomena. The weakest disorders are reported in the perception of intonation structures, while the strongest – in the perception of instrumental melodies.
PL
Cechy wspólne mowy i muzyki są szczególnie widoczne w prozodii. Wyniki badań nad powiązaniami procesów percepcji obydwu tych zjawisk, choć istotne w perspektywie zastosowania muzyki w działaniach służących kształtowaniu prozodii mowy, opisywane są w literaturze stosunkowo rzadko. Niewiele jest również doniesień na ten temat w odniesieniu do osób z uszkodzonym narządem słuchu. W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań własnych nad odbiorem zjawisk muzycznych – melodii i rytmu oraz intonacji w mowie przez dzieci z prelingwalnym uszkodzeniem narządu słuchu korzystające z aparatów słuchowych. Wskazują one na obniżoną, w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną, sprawność percepcyjną badanych w zakresie wszystkich tych zjawisk. Najmniejsze zaburzenia dotyczą odbioru struktur intonacyjnych, największe zaś – melodii instrumentalnych.
EN
The features shared by speech and music are particularly noticeable in prosody. The results of studies on the connections between perception processes of the two phenomena, although important from the perspective of the use of music in measures serving to shape the prosody of speech, are described comparatively seldom in literature. There are also few reports concerning persons with impaired hearing. The article presents the results of the authors’ own research on the perception of musical phenomena – melody and rhythm as well as intonation in speech by fitting prelingual hearing-impaired children with hearing aids. As compared with the control group, the results show a lower perception skill of the subjects in respect of all these phenomena. The weakest disorders are reported in the perception of intonation structures, while the strongest – in the perception of instrumental melodies.
EN
The article is based on thesis, which is focused on psychological aspects of hearing-impairment and the possibilities of its compensation including the various kinds of hearing aids and lately also cochlear implant. The cochlear implant is one of the state-of-the-art compensation aid for people with profound hearing impair. The article shortly describes history of cochlear implantation in the Czech Republic and also situtation of users of cochlear implant. The research is centred on survey of quality of life of adult users of cochlear implant and benefit of cochlear implant. From the outcomes of thesis are concluded recommendations for professional care. Research design has a form of combined research. Author used following methods for the research: semi-structured interview, Subjective Quality of Life Analysis SQUALA and Glasgow Benefit Inventory.
CS
Článek vychází z diplomové práce zaměřené na psychologické aspekty sluchového postižení a možnosti jeho kompenzace, mezi které se řadí různé druhy sluchadel a v poslední době také kochleární implantát. Kochleární implantát je jedna z nejmodernějších kompenzačních pomůcek pro osoby s těžkým sluchovým postižením. Článek stručně popisuje historii kochleárních implantací v České republice a situaci uživatelů kochleárního implantátu. Výzkum je zaměřen na zmapování kvality života dospělých uživatelů kochleárního implantátu a přínosu kochleární implantace. Z výsledků jsou pak vyvozena doporučení pro odbornou péči. Výzkumný projekt má podobu smíšeného výzkumu. Autorka k výzkumu použila metody: polostrukturovaný rozhovor, Dotazník subjektivní kvality života SQUALA a Glasgowský dotazník přínosu lékařského zákroku.
EN
The article focuses on hearing assistive technologies for hearing impaired people, and analyzes them in terms of the development of Deaf Culture. The culture of this community manifests itself through their attachment to the use of sign language and in various artistic activities which strengthen the identity of the members and supporters. With various assistive technologies available (particularly hearing aids and cochlear implants), a cultural dilemma arises related on the one hand to the cyborgisation and on the other hand to the neo-Luddism of the deaf and hard of hearing. Most of them avail of technology, but at the price of a certain level of cyborgization. However, there is a minority in Deaf Culture which, wishing to preserve its Deaf identity, rejects technology, thus subscribing to the technophobic process of opposing technological devices and machines, initiated by the Luddites in the 19th century.
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