Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Refine search results

Journals help
Years help
Authors help

Results found: 49

first rewind previous Page / 3 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  historia społeczna
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 3 next fast forward last
PL
The article presents the history of a little-known Krakow Jewish charity association called Róża Rock’s Association of the former Wards of the Fostering Centre for Jewish Orphans.ntil now, academic literature devoted to the history of the Krakow Jewish district has lacked adetailed analysis of the history of this association.Róża Rock’s association was established at the end of the 1930s in the Kazimierz district.The aim of the article is to recreate the genesis of the creation of this charity organization as well as to present the analysis of its administrative structure. It needs to be emphasizedthat it was not atypical association that takes care of Jewish orphans. In accordance with its status, the association took care of young adults who were leaving the Fostering Centre forJewish Orphans at Dietla 64 Street and the Apprentice’s Dormitory for girls at Bonerowska 10 Street. Thus, by definition, the organisation was to be anatural continuation of the activity undertaken by the above-mentioned fostering centres. Of course, it was not possible for all of the former wards to continue living together or to finance everyday needs. However, theexistence and activity of this association became a meeting space for those young people. Simultaneously, it gave them a sense of security and afeeling that the former wards, regardless of their live situation, could count on one another.
PL
The article describes the newer works devoted to the occupation of Polish lands, especially of Warsaw during World War I. Recently, this subject, so far neglected, has drown the attention of numerous scientists, both from Poland and from abroad. Their point of view is different not only from the older perspectives, but also from the perspectives of slightly newer works on the other occupied areas and emphasizing the connection between the experience of the Great War and genocide during World War II. In the most precious fragments, the new historiography gives a very wide image of social life, in which the proper place is taken by previously marginalised social groups. Differently from the older works, the policy of the occupants on the Polish lands is not treated only as a unilateral dictate, but rather as a dynamic process of negotiation, in which the strength and position of each of the (many) sides has been changed. And, this change is accompanied by the new arrangements concerning almost all aspects of the German policy and the conditions of living during World War I.
PL
Artykuł ma charakter sprawozdawczy i dotyczy obrad na XVIII Powszechnym Zjezdzie Historyków Polskich w Olsztynie 18 wcześnia 2009 r
PL
Citizens of Krakow as well as members of the gentry connected with Lesser Poland can be enumerated among the owners of Niegoszowcie – a village located less than 20 kilometres to the west of Krakow. Some of them owned the country estate and profited form leasing it; others resided there permanently simultaneously holding offices in Krakow. Families thatwere connected to the place in the Old Polish times include the Lagjurgowie, Niegoszowscy, Bonerowie, Firlejowe, Szembekowie, Trewani, Komeccy, Kochanwscy and Głuchowscy. Onthe cusp of the 18thand 19thcenturies, the next owner, the Krakow canon Michał Soltyk, builta palace in Niegoszowice where he accumulated an immense collection of curiosities and a library. After his death, Niegoszowice became the property of his nephews, and then belonged to counts Borowscy, Krakow merchants Rathowie, and to Colonel Benedykt Zielonka and hisheir. Since 1846, the property belonged to the family of Chwalibogowscy who were connected with Krakow, and from whom Prince Eugeniusz Lubomirski, the heir of Kruszyna, bought itin 1882. His heirs sold Niegoszowice in 1912 to count Piotr Rostworowski. The estate andthe park were bought from the Rostworowscy family in 1966 by the PAX Association for the abode of United Economic Units “Veritas” (Zjednoczone Zespoły Gospodarcze “Veritas”) that ordered modernization of the manor house in the years 1971-1986. Currently, the manor ordered modernization of the manor house in the years 1971-1986. Currently, the manor house and the park are a private property.
PL
The article analyzes family relations of a fisherman, Krakow burgher Franciszek Maciej Wolski based on the last will found in the collection of the National Archives in Krakow (the Wawel Branch). From the last will, we learn about his family, his two wives with whom he had two children as well numerous details about members of his extended family. The last will expresses a lot of emotions, painstakingly describes emotional relations between the deceased and the members of his closet family as well as the kinsmen. Information about feelings frequently appers in testaments. however, it should be pointed out that difficulties with researching the family life of testators arise as the last will might present a malformed picture of the past reality. It obliges researches to verify, as it is possible, the information contained in the last will. Doubtlessly, the last will of Franciszek Maciej Wolski is an interesting source meticulously presentss the structure of his family and relations between its members.
PL
Having captured the territory of Poland and introduced their own administration, the Germans commenced to implement specific economic plans. The chief objective for the occupant on the territory of the General Gouvemement was to direct its economy in such a way that it would become the food supply basis for the Third Reich. The dominant role in assuring the security of provisions for Germany was to be played by the agricultural production at the workshops of large landowners. Therefore the mutual relationships between the landed gentry and the occupant were mainly determined by the economic factor. Moreover, one can State that it was actually the economic platform, which was the most important domain of the German influence on the landed gentry. Mainly in the first years of the occupation, the Germans conducted preferential policy in relation to farming, hoping to achieve a radical growth of agricultural production, which they needed so much. The landowners referred to those measures pragmatically, and took advantage of the opportunity to strengthen the economic potential of their estates. Their work in the agricultural apparatus was treated as an opportunity to help representatives of their own community, as well as other social groups. At the same time, however, the occupant conducted a widespread operation of expropriation of estates and their physical liąuidation. The conseąuence of that policy was that ca. 1/3 of the farms in the Radom district were taken over by the Germans. The escalation of the freąuently excessive exploitation of the farms, which began together with the growing failures at the eastem front, met with resistance of the landowners. The methods of economic struggle applied most often by the landowners against the enemy included falsification of the statistics at their estates, boycott of the compulsory supplies, and participation in the illegal market. The large help of the landowners to the armed underground can also be considered struggle on the economic platform. The supplies given to the guerrillas diminished the economic potential of the Third Reich, on the one hand, while on the other, supported the expansion of the armed conspiracy which, morę or less effectively fought against the anti-Polish policy of the Nazi occupation. The political significance of the landed gentry was considered slightly lower by the Germans, though they madę attempts at winning some representatives of the landowners to political co-operation. Majority of the landowners resisted those proposals, and only a few sympathised with the occupant. In sporadic cases, it resulted in signing the volkslist, which often served as a cover for the work for freedom. It was only in 1944, in the context of organising the anti-Bolshevik front by the invaders, that landed gentry was recognised by the Germans as a politically significant social group. The political collaboration against Bolshevism, which was proposed by the enemy, failed due to the national causes. Even the innate aversion of the landed gentry towards communism, cleverly nourished by the German propaganda, did not bring the expected results in confrontation with the patriotism and political maturity of the gentry.
PL
Antonio Possevino (SJ) was an extraordinarily talented papal legate in Poland and otherEuropean countries, and the author of the monumental Catholic-bibliographical work Bibliotheca selecta. In 1587 he was sentenced to internal, life-long banishment, due to unfavourable changes in the attitude of the Society of Jesus towards Christians of Jewish origin, as well as due to calumnious attacks of his political opponents. This article supplements the existing knowledge on the subject and enriches it with new interpretations.
EN
This article presents the findings of a metascientific analysis of the topic of the widow's situation in the early Christian community. This topic is studied today from at least three perspectives. It is still interesting for historians studying the development of early Christian communities. Secondly, the situation of women (including widows) is a very interesting field of research for authors of the critical school (not always definitely feminist) wondering about the possibility of an alternative reconstruction of social relations. The assumption of these studies is often that the originally high position of women in the Christian community was gradually diminished. A special emphasis in this study however is placed on the third research aspect, which is the presentation of the widows' situation in the ancient world (biblical, Hellenistic, early Christian) as an impulse for a deep reflection on our attitude to the weakest individuals. These include – as in the past – lonely and elderly women (often widowed). Numerous contemporary studies postulate that efforts should be made to prevent their marginalization and loneliness. This is demanded by Christian anthropology and the properly understood virtue of solidarity - without excluding anyone. One possibility for the realization of such an objective may be the reactivation of the orders of widows in contemporary Christian communities.
PL
W niniejszym tekście przedstawione zostały wnioski z analizy metabadawczej tematu sytuacji wdowy w społeczności wczesnych chrześcijan. Temat ten badany jest współcześnie co najmniej w trzech perspektywach. Jest on bowiem nadal interesujący dla historyków badających rozwój gmin wczesnochrześcijańskich. Po drugie sytuacja kobiet (w tym wdów) stanowi bardzo interesujące pole badawcze dla autorów nurtu krytycznego (nie zawsze zdecydowanie feministycznego), którzy zastanawiają się nad możliwością alternatywnej rekonstrukcji stosunków społecznych. Założeniem tych badań bywa przyjęcie, iż wysoka pierwotnie pozycja kobiet w gminie chrześcijańskiej stopniowo ulegała umniejszeniu. Szczególny akcent postawiono jednak w tym studium na trzeci aspekt badawczy, jakim jest ukazanie sytuacji wdowy w świecie starożytnym (biblijnym, hellenistycznym, wczesnochrześcijańskim) jako impulsu do głębokiego namysłu nad naszym stosunkiem do jednostek ex definitione najsłabszych. Zaliczają się do nich – podobnie jak w przeszłości – samotne starsze kobiety (często owdowiałe). Liczne prace współczesne postulują podjęcie wysiłku, by nie dopuścić do ich marginalizacji i osamotnienia. Domaga się tego antropologia chrześcijańska i właściwie rozumiana cnota solidarności – bez wykluczania kogokolwiek. Jedną z możliwości realizacji takiego celu może być reaktywacja stanu wdów we współczesnych wspólnotach chrześcijańskich.
first rewind previous Page / 3 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.