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EN
The subject of the article is the specific nature of historical narration in digital media (YouTube). Both the media where the Polish state is the channel owner and ones belonging to individual political parties and fractions are being studied. The relationship between the narration and national identity is analyzed. The question under discussion is to what extent national identity is a phenomenon ingrained in the ethnic and historical peculiarities of a given society. The authors contrasts the primordialist concept with Ernest Gellner’s modernist concept. In the second part the authors refer to the discussion about the significance of historical narration for the formation of identity: if historical narration is just an accidental component of identity formation processes or rather a fundamental one.
EN
In his book Poeta w labiryncie historii. Studia o pisarskich rolach Jerzego Ficowskiego (Poet in the labyrinth of history. Studies on writer’s roles of Jerzy Ficowski) Jerzy Kandziora strives to provide a holistic outlook on the literary output of the author of Ptak poza ptakiem (A bird beyond birds). The main interpretation categories proposed by the scholar include time, labyrinth and history. They allowed the author to create a cross-section book ranging from describing Ficowski’s pre-poetic life, through his literary and artistic fascinations with Schulz, Wojtkiewicz, Tuwim and the everyday world, to the experience of borderland, both literal and poetic. Using this essayistic and also in some fragments synthetic form of description, Kandziora marks a new trend in interpreting the poet’s output and draws attention particularly to the impact of the social imaginary for the functioning of the poet in contemporary literary studies.
PL
Jerzy Kandziora w swojej książce Poeta w labiryncie historii. Studia o pisarskich rolach Jerzego Ficowskiego podjął próbę całościowego spojrzenia na twórczość autora Ptaka poza ptakiem. Głównymi kategoriami interpretacyjnymi zaproponowanymi przez badacza stały się czas, labirynt i historia. Pozwoliły one autorowi na typ lektury przekrojowej – począwszy od opisania życia przedpoetyckiego Ficowskiego, przez jego literackie i artystyczne fascynacje Schulzem, Wojtkiewiczem, Tuwimem, światem codziennym, aż po doświadczenie pogranicza, tego dosłownego i poetyckiego. Tą eseistyczną, fragmentami również syntetyczną forma opisu, Kandziora zaznacza nowy nurt odczytań twórczości poety, zwraca uwagę zwłaszcza na wpływ społecznego imaginarium w funkcjonowaniu poety we współczesnym literaturoznawstwie.  
EN
The article presents the evolution of the theme of Armia Krajowa (Home Army) and the Warsaw Uprising, in Ficowski’s poetry. The theme, engaged by the poet in the late 1940s (Ołowiani żołnierze, 1948), was quickly abandoned as incompatible with the imaginary, magical direction in the development of young Ficowski’s poetry. Neither was the theme fostered by the general political background of the “dead season” of Communist Poland, by censorship, and by Ficowski’s fear of settling for the post-Romantic stereotype and patriotic myth-making. The theme returned in the 1970s (Gryps, 1979; Errata, 1981), which was related to Ficowski’s decision to liberate himself from self-censorship, and his readiness to express the once repressed content in his own, mature poetic idiom. The present study presents two aspects of historical narration in the Home-Army poems from the 1970s: the fabulous quality, which positions history in Ficowski’s private topics and intimate memory, and the scientific, naturalistic quality, which relates history to physical and cosmic categories. Both aspects redeem the poetry from the narrow specificity of Polish national myth, and make it possible to reconcile individual truth of the experience of death and suffering with the discourse of concepts and historiosophy, which also touches upon the cosmic order.
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2020
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vol. 29
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issue 2
113-126
EN
The article is the result of research into non-fiction, memoir writing from the period of the 1920 war. On the basis of Uhlan Memoirs from 1920, an autobio­graphical book by Jan Fudakowski, the author considers the problem of speci­ficity and individuality of the war autobiography style. The studied example is an autobiography of a soldier and an educated man. Fudakowski consist­ently assumes a double role of a soldier and an intelligentsia member, both important for his perception and manne of describing the war reality. In the light of his narration, the writer reveals himself as a lover of the prose by Hen­ryk Sienkiewicz, a careful observer and a participant of key battles in the war campaign, and also as a citizen involved in the affairs of the independent Pol­ish Commonwealth. While presenting the autobiographic style of Fudakowski as realized in his memoirs, the author discusses the following thematic orders (systems): (1) the style of intelligentsia identity; (2) the style of presenting bat­tlefields; and (3) the style of thinking about a post-war future. As far as literary theory is concerned, the considerations were based on the works by Philippe Lejeune and Jean Starobinski.
PL
Artykuł jest efektem badań nad prozą niefikcjonalną, wspomnieniową z cza­sów wojny 1920 roku. Na podstawie książki autobiograficznej Jana Fudakow­skiego Ułańskie wspomnienia z roku 1920 autorka rozważa problem swoistości, indywidualności stylu autobiografii wojennej. Jest to autobiografia żołnierza‑inteligenta, gdyż Fudakowski konsekwentnie występuje w podwójnej roli, żołnierza i inteligenta, obydwu ważnych w jego widzeniu i sposobach zapisu rzeczywistości wojennej. W świetle narracji autor ujawnia się jako miłośnik prozy Henryka Sienkiewicza, baczny obserwator i uczestnik bitew kluczo­wych w kampanii wojennej, a także jako obywatel zaangażowany w sprawy niepodległej Rzeczpospolitej. Odsłaniając zrealizowany we wspomnie­niach styl autobiografii, autorka podejmuje następujące zagadnienia: (1) styl inteligenckiej tożsamości; (2) styl przedstawiania pól bitewnych; (3) styl myślenia o powojennej przyszłości. Podstawą teoretycznoliteracką rozważań są prace Philippe’a Lejeune’a i Jeana Starobinskiego.
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