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PL
The text is dedicated to Professor Jerzy Kaliszan, an outstanding Polish researcher of homonymy in the Russian language, the author of significant monographs and the first Polish dictionary of Russian homographs. The article is a review of Polish academic literature on Russian homonymy including both intra- and interlinguistic aspects (relations between Polish and Russian). In the first part, the author outlines the most important theoretical and lexicographical studies of Polish scholars. The second part is devoted to a description of Jerzy Kaliszan’s achievements in the field of lexical and word-formation homonymy, including lexemes’ homography.
EN
The paper presents a classification of the types of morphological ambiguity and the types of homophony and homography in contemporary Czech occurring in the material of the SYN and SYN2013PUB corpora of the Czech National Corpus. The classification of homonymy and homography constitutes a data base for the rule-based automatic morphological disambiguation of written Czech performed in the Institute of Theoretical and Computational Linguistics at the Faculty of Arts, Charles University. As for homophony, the types presented in the paper and mainly the sets of word forms associated with these types, can be used for the disambiguation of spoken texts.
EN
The paper deals with the Russian Cyrillic character ⟨ё⟩, which stands for the sound [ʲo]/[jo], and its transcription into Czech. This character is used only facultatively and is usually replaced by the Cyrillic character ⟨е⟩. This causes potentially troublesome homography since the character ⟨е⟩ could stand either for [ʲo]/[jo] (⟨е⟩ replacing ⟨ё⟩) or for [ʲe]/[je] (the “usual” ⟨е⟩). The paper investigates how chosen Russian surnames containing this facultative character (Потёмкин, Рублёв etc.) are transcribed into the Czech Latin alphabet and discusses the reasons for transcribing it into Czech (“appropriately”) as ⟨o⟩, ⟨jo⟩ or (“inappropriately”) as ⟨e⟩, ⟨je⟩, ⟨ě⟩.
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