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EN
The existence of information asymmetry is one of the reasons for introduction of quality standards, whose primary aim is to minimize this phenomenon. There can be observed an increasing acquisition of this function by e-intermediaries who, beside being a part of distribution channel, provide actual and potential customers with information about goods and services. Quality standards may be provided either by state (public regulation) or by industry organizations (self-regulation). The aim of this article is to examine the relationship between two forms of quality standard introduction and proliferation of e-intermediaries market on the hotel market case. To examine whether e-intermediary market differs in countries with both forms of quality standard introduction we examined capital cities of European Union countries and compared number of hotel establishments and their availability on the popular e-intermediaries websites. Comparing those numbers in 27 EU capitals enabled to negatively verify the hypothesis that proliferation of e-intermediaries differs significantly in those two groups of countries. This leads to the assumption that the activities of e-intermediaries cannot be seen as a substitute for quality standards but have a rather complementary function.
EN
The aim of the article is to identify the main market failures in the opinion of hotel managers from the Lower Silesian and Opole voivodeships. Research for work was carried out in 2020. Four research methods were used: literature review, document analysis, deduction, and a diagnostic survey. The analysis of the research results showed that information asymmetry, too wide access of customers to public services, periodic shortages on the market of specific products or services and market monopolization are the main problems of the hotel markets reported by the respondents. Control of the quality and prices of services and products, subsidies to enterprises and preferential conditions for foreign capital are the most frequently indicated methods of state interference in the hotel market. The assessment of the degree of state intervention made by the respondents was not related to the organizational and functional features of their hotels.
PL
Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja głównych niedoskonałości rynku w opinii menedżerów hoteli z województw dolnośląskiego i opolskiego. Badania przeprowadzono w 2020 roku, wykorzystując cztery metody badawcze: przegląd piśmiennictwa, analizę dokumentów, dedukcję oraz sondaż diagnostyczny - technikę ankietowania. Analiza uzyskanych wyników wykazała, że asymetria informacji, zbyt szeroki dostęp klientów do usług publicznych, okresowe braki na rynku określonych produktów lub usług oraz monopolizacja rynku to główne problemy rynków hotelowych zgłaszane przez badanych. Kontrola jakości oraz cen usług i produktów, dotacje dla przedsiębiorstw i preferencyjne warunki dla kapitału zagranicznego to najczęściej wskazywane przez respondentów sposoby ingerencji państwa w rynek hotelowy. Ocena stopnia interwencjonizmu państwowego dokonana przez respondentów nie wiązała się z cechami organizacyjno-funkcjonalnymi ich hoteli. Słowa kluczowe: rynek hotelowy, zawodność rynku, interwencjonizm państwowy, województwo dolnośląskie, województwo opolskie.
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