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Indexicality or Technological Intermediate? Moving Image Representation, Materiality, and the Real

100%
Verdon J.
Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Film and Media Studies
|
2016
|
vol. 12
|
issue 1
191-209
EN
Drawing on the application of C. S. Peirce’s notion of indexicality, this paper argues that iterative imaging technologies modulate the manner in which moving images represent reality and determine how they are traced back to that referent. Rather than subscribing to the canonical divergence between analogue and digital technologies, the paper argues that current moving image theories do not sufficiently acknowledge the granularity of technology when describing indexical relationships between moving images and the reality they represent. Despite a shared use of analogue technologies, film’s technique of fixing a full frame of movement to a momentarily static strip of light-sensitive celluloid or Mylar is profoundly different from analogue video’s parsing of the image frame to its constituent parts and then recording this signal to continuously moving tape or broadcasting the resulting images. These are particularities of technique and technology, not easily ranked in terms of verisimilitude. The paper concludes that despite a widely accepted indexical analogue/digital divide, the indexical status of analogue video is no different to that of digital video images because both consist of discrete and non-continuous picture elements.
2
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Hegemonic and Inclusive Masculinities in American and Czech YouTube Vlogs

72%
Šimková M.
Academic Journal of Modern Philology
|
2019
|
vol. 8
183-190
EN
This paper examines discursive means of the construction of hegemonic and inclusive masculinities in American and Czech YouTube vlogs. The vlog is a relatively young new media genre, which has developed primarily in the context of YouTube (the second most visited website and the second highest ranking social media platform in the world) and is a curious object of study as a platform of identity construction. The two types of masculine identities are analyzed in terms of two-level indexicality realized by means of positioning of self and others in the context of YouTube vlogs. The author outlines the most salient strategies of performing the two types of masculinities and shows how differently they are employed by young male Americans and Czechs. The extent and means of constructing these gender identities by Czech and American YouTubers diverge: both masculinities were constructed more prominently in American vlogs, whereas Czech YouTubers exhibited more neutral patterns. Moreover, American vloggers proved to resort to inclusive masculinity considerably more frequently that their Czech counterparts and tended to co-construct the two masculinities in such a way that they appear blended (for instance, by clustering affectionate homosociality with address terms indexical of cool solidarity). In Czech YouTube vlogs, on the other hand, the instances of inclusive masculinity were significantly less abundant and more isolated, which is in line with a less intensive construction of masculine identity in Czech vlogs overall.
3

Die indexikalische Relation als ein potentielles Übersetzungsproblem

72%
Sulikowski P.
Germanica Wratislaviensia
|
2018
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vol. 143
359 - 373
DE
Der vorliegende Artikel analysiert das Problem der Indexikalität als potentiell relevanten Übersetzungsfaktor. Der Autor bespricht kurz die bisherige Forschung zur Indexikalität in der Philosophie, Ethnomethodologie und Linguistik. Anhand von zahlreichen Beispielen aus dem Schaffen von Zbigniew Herbert werden schließlich vier Haupttypen der IX: die sprachliche, die kulturbedingte, die syntaktische IX sowie die IX der höheren semantischen Einheiten vorgeschlagen.
EN
The present article concerns the problem of indexicality as a relevant factor in translation. Indexicality has long been a central point in research since the 20th century in philosophy, ethnomethodology and linguistics. The author distinguishes four different kinds of indexicality within a text: language-based, culture-based, syntactic indexicality and the indexicality of higher semantic units. The issue is discussed and shown on several examples from poetic texts of Zbigniew Herbert.
4
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Das Wesen der Indexikalität im Sprachgebrauch

58%
Sulikowski P.
Colloquia Germanica Stetinensia
|
2016
|
issue 25
231-244
DE
In dem Beitrag wird das Problem der besonderen linguistischen Einheiten – der indexikalischen Elemente – im Sprachgebrauch analysiert, die über keine eigentliche lexikalische Bedeutung, sondern lediglich über eine relationale Bedeutung im gegebenen Kontext verfügen. Nach einer kurzen Schilderung des Forschungsstands werden die ‚Indexikalitätsskala‘ einer Äußerung entworfen, die den Unbestimmtheitsgrad dieser Äußerung auswertet, sowie bezüglich der Indexikalität unterschiedlicher Textsorten Postulate formuliert.
EN
The following article concerns the problem of indexicality as an inherent part of human language use. Sulikowski describes the term in some theoretical approaches and issues postulates on indexicality in the translation of particular text genres. He claims that indexical parts of speech possess only relational meaning, bound to its use. Sulikowski creates the indexicality scale which shows the indexicality level of a utterance.
PL
Artykuł jest analizą problemu jednostek językowych w użyciu, które nie posiadają w danym kontekście użycia znaczenia leksykalnego, lecz jedynie znaczenie relacyjne. Przedstawiono w nim pokrótce stan badań w tym zakresie oraz sformułowano postulat utworzenia skali indeksykalności wypowiedzi i sformułowano wnioski nt. indeksykalności w różnych rodzajach tekstów.
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