Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 19

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

Search:
in the keywords:  indicator
help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
|
2012
|
vol. 7
|
issue 2
249-271
EN
Business cycle analysis at the national level does not have to be consistent with the economic situation of its individual regions. Diversity in the structure and development dynamics of the individual regions isalso reflected in the range of sensitivity to business cycle changes. Anevaluation was conducted of the suitability of multi-dimensional comparative analysis methods to evaluate the business cycle in the economy on a regional basis based on the example of Warmia and Mazury.The economy of Warmia and Mazury and its sensitivity to macroeconomic disturbances was the subject of the analysis. The business cycle studies by region conducted in Poland are based on so-called "business cycle tests" which are characterised by a high level of subjectivism. They are based on the results of questionnaire-based surveys conducted among entrepreneurs and, as a consequence, it seems justified to build a business cycle indicator for the province of Warmia and Mazury based on "hard" economic data. The proposal of the business cycle indicator for the region of Warmia and Mazury is based on the key economic dimensions for the region. The currently applied methods for elimination of irregular fluctuations and location of turning points were used for designing it. The outcome of the above measures offers the possibility to present the value of the current and prognostic business cycle indicator for Warmia and Mazury with monthly frequency.
EN
In this study, the data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) are used to investigate whether the PISA science test score is a good indicator of competence in science and technology. The researcher uses a number of scientific and technical journal articles per million people as a measure instrument to represent the competence of science and technology. A regression model analysis suggests that the PISA science scores would significantly predict competence in S & T, even when controlling the number of researchers in R&D per million people and the R&D expenditure (% of GDP). Moreover, it shows that R&D expenditure (% of GDP) is another important determinant of the competence in S & T. Multicollinearity is also found between the R&D expenditure (% of GDP) and the number of researchers in R&D per million people. The policy implication is clear.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono analizy wybranych wskaźników zdrowia publicznego monitorowanych przez Eurostat w ramach strategii zrównoważonego rozwoju. Analizy oparto na danych pochodzących z baz Eurostat (on-line) i INSEE (on-line). Dane przedstawione w tabelach i na rysunkach prezentują dynamikę zmiennych. W wyniku przedstawionych analiz można wnioskować, że we wszystkich rozpatrywanych obszarach zdrowia publicznego istnieje znaczne zróżnicowanie pomiędzy krajami UE. Niemalże we wszystkich wymiarach poprawiają się wskaźniki zdrowia publicznego mieszkańców Unii: zmniejsza się dystans między oczekiwaną długością zdrowego życia mężczyzn i kobiet; maleje przeciętna śmiertelność z powodu chorób przewlekłych i samobójstw; nie wzrasta wskaźnik narażenia ludności miejskiej na zanieczyszczenia powietrza; mniejsza część ludności deklaruje uciążliwość z powodu hałasu.
EN
The paper presents analyses of selected indicateurs from public health area monitored by Eurostat in the framework of the sustainable development strategy. Analyses are based on data derived from databases of the INSEE and the Eurostat. The data shown in tables and figures present the dynamics of variables. It could be concluded that in all are as of public health, there is considerable variation between countries in the EU. Almost in all dimensions of public health of the EU population improves: the gap between the healthy life expectancy of men and women is reducing, the average mortality from chronic diseases and suicide is decreasing , the urban population exposure to air pollution does not increase, a nuisance because of the noise is declared by smaller part of the population.
EN
The article is devoted to the definition and justification of the criteria and indicators for sustainable future formation of professional law enforcement officers. The definition of the concept of «professional reliability» is given. The requirements to the selection criteria are proposed by different scientists. The requirements that must meet the criteria are highlighted; the relationship of criteria and indicators of professional reliability is shown. The criteria and indicators of formation of professional reliability are based on the analysis of the criteria and indicators that are close to the essence of such things as professional competence, professional competence and professional readiness of future police officers for professional work. Based on the opinions of the experts evaluation of the criteria of formation of professional reliability of future police officers are allocated. On the base of analysis the author identified motivation, knowledge-operational, personal and regulatory criteria for formation of professional reliability. The characteristics of each criterion of professional reliability, the identification of the indicators and levels of its formation are proposed. The indicators of student-regulatory criteria are the following professionally important personal characteristics such as mental stability, responsibility, discipline, commitment, perseverance, poise, self-confidence, self-esteem and self-control. The indicators of motivational criteria characterize the nature of the formation of future specialist to the profession of a policeman, the presence of a conscious desire for faithful implementation of professional activity and form the motives and needs of professional activities, the facilities responsible for its implementation, compliance with the law. Knowledge of the operational parameters of criteria is presented by professional knowledge, professional skills of professional activity (special tactical, psychological and vocational special), the level of physical fitness, weapons possession. Each of these indicators has three levels: high, medium and low. The noted criteria and indicators of forming of professional reliability of the future police officers of internal affairs are based on fundamental principles of systematic and structural approaches and divided into three conditional groups: criteria and indicators of the terms, process and effectiveness which enables to analyze forming of professional reliability of the police officers of internal affairs simultaneously as to the process and result.
EN
The paper deals with work performance as a complex of different areas and views. The goal of the presented paper is to evaluate the dependences between various work performance aspects and various types of companies. It is based on an empirical research, which was realized with help of a written questionnaire, and statistical evaluation of gained data. The results should show to which extend the type of company influences approach to work performance and the correlations between individual aspects of performance.
EN
The concepts of ‘standard of living’, ‘quality of life’ and ‘lifestyle’ are analysed in a comparative manner. The author has made a rating assessment of the regions of the Republic in terms of living standards based on a set of 10 statistical indicators. As a result, regions of Uzbekistan with a relatively high and relatively low standard of living were identified.
EN
Research background: Sustainable development is the agenda for many countries including Ukraine, which adopted it at the national level and promoted through its regions. As the country is constantly struggling with the results of the military conflict and the impact of the occupation of its part by separatists, which led to economic decrease and emergence of numerous social and environmental issues, the transition of Ukraine to sustainable development path becomes especially important. At the same time, there is no official methodology adopted by the Ukrainian government, how to assess sustainable development of its regions. Availability of objective assessments would contribute to development of the relevant policy recommendations. Purpose of the article: The purpose of the article is to assess sustainable development of the regions in Ukraine and to show the dynamics of performance of the regions before and after the beginning of the military conflict in the East of Ukraine. Methods: We suggest the methodology of calculation of the integral index of sustainable development of the regions in Ukraine. This methodology takes into account the three pillars of sustainable development concept (economic, social and environmental) and uses the data available for all Ukrainian regions from the official statistics source. In order to determine the position of individual regions in the development of the Ukrainian economy and to identify certain groups of regions according to their level of sustainable development, we apply the method of statistical grouping. Findings & Value added: The conducted analyses showed the dynamics of indicators of sustainable development of the Ukrainian regions, the performance of the regions and their affiliation to the corresponding attributive groups. The situation and interrelation of the regions in Ukraine totally changed after the beginning of the military conflict in the East of Ukraine. The Luhansk and Donetsk regions, which are directly affected by the military conflict, became the outsiders among other regions in Ukraine, though before the conflict the values of sustainable development indicators had been above the average values in Ukraine. The leaders among the regions also changed, and the difference between the leaders and the following groups became significant. The results of the analyses allowed to visualize the dynamics of sustainable development of the regions in Ukraine and define the key directions for future development.
EN
Financial crisis, regardless of the geographical coverage, subjective or sector, can be assessed from the perspective of two most important elements initiated: damage (eg. the collapse of Lehman Brothers) and changes (regulating the balance of power in the financial markets). The analysis of indicators used in assessing the financial situation of the cooperative bank on the basis of the selected documents shows that there are areas in need of renovation. The purpose of this article is to propose changes to the design rate of effectiveness of the cooperative bank, expressed as the ratio of operating costs to income from banking operations (KDB/WNB). The developed solution will provide information about the real revenues and expenses related to the core business of cooperative banks and will enable the same objective assessment of the effectiveness in this area of activity. The research methods adopted in the article are based on studies of literature, review of legislation, analysis of financial statements of the cooperative bank and conclusions
EN
The article deals with the issue of comparison of the staring points for the application of the concept of Balanced Scorecard as a strategic management system in organizations, profit and public sector. Introduction of the Concept of Balanced Scorecard in terms of public administration will create a space for the systematic implementation of the strategy for its communication towards lowering organizational levels. At the same time the system receives periodic evaluation that helps employees and management organizations to act and to adopt decisions that support strategic objectives.
10
71%
EN
Nowadays, as a result of globalisation of the world economy, regional competitiveness is one of the most researched issues in economic studies. Regional competitiveness is seen to play an important role in increasing the position of regions, as well as in the development of information and communication technologies (ICT) and the knowledge-based economy paradigm. The aim of the paper is to present the essence of regional competitiveness using a literature review of its definitions, factors and indicators.
PL
Konkurencyjność w ujęciu regionalnym stanowi jedno z podstawowych zagadnień badawczych nauk ekonomicznych w związku z postępującą globalizacją gospodarki światowej przyczyniającą się do wzrostu znaczenia regionów, rozwojem technologii informatycznych i telekomunikacyjnych oraz kształtowaniem się gospodarki opartej na wiedzy. Celem artykułu jest określenie istoty konkurencyjności regionalnej poprzez dokonanie przeglądu literatury przedmiotu w zakresie jej definicji, determinant oraz mierników prostych i rankingów konkurencyjności służących jej pomiarowi.
PL
Pojęcie zielonej gospodarki zyskało na znaczeniu w wyniku realizacji programów antykryzysowych, związanych z tworzeniem nowych ram rozwojowych w poszczególnych państwach. Z uwagi na dokonujący się proces transformacji gospodarki w poszczególnych krajach, konieczne stało się zdefiniowanie elementów tworzących zieloną gospodarkę oraz wskazanie instrumentów nieumożliwiających dokonanie analizy jej efektywności, a także stopnia zaangażowania państw na rzecz jej wdrażania. Opracowanie przybliża kwestię wykorzystania dostępnych narzędzi w postaci wskaźników zrównoważonego i trwałego rozwoju.
EN
The concept of a green economy has gained importance with the implementation of anti-crisis programmes related to the creation of new development frameworks for individual countries. Because of the ongoing economic transformation in particular countries, it became necessary to define the constituent elements of a green economy and to identify appropriate instruments to analyse its effectiveness as well as the degree of involvement of particular countries in its implementation. The present paper sheds light on the application of the tools available in the form of sustainable development indicators.
EN
Background: Knowledge plays a crucial role in supporting the European Union model based on economic growth, social responsibility, and sustainable development. To improve companies’ performance, one must reflect on new forms of knowledge and develop new indicators to measure them. Objectives: The goal of the paper is to investigate the impact of the selected factors of knowledge on companies’ performance in Slovenia. Methods/Approach: A questionnaire was created and sent to small and medium-sized enterprises in Slovenia. The principle axis factoring method was used to identify the factors of knowledge and of companies’ performance, and a regression analysis was conducted to determine the influence of the selected knowledge factors on companies’ performance. Results: The establishment of scientists’ collaboration with companies has a positive impact on companies’ performance, but the obstacles to the establishment of scientists’ collaboration with companies do not have any impact. Conclusions: The results could be useful for governments and companies in the adoption of measures aimed at strengthening scientists’ collaboration with companies. Further research can be oriented toward the common synergy index (e.g., the knowledge triangle).
EN
Analyses of nationwide business cycles provide information on the length, course and phase of a current cycle. However, the nationwide cycle is not always convergent with the economic situation of individual regions. Discrepancies in this regard are often described in the literature. In this paper, we presented an analysis of the economic situation of Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship from 2008 to the 3rd quarter of 2010 in the context of the recent turbulence of the global and Polish economies. What is more, we evaluated the usefulness of multi-dimensional comparative analysis methods to assess the condition of the business cycle in Warmia and Mazury. We verified the view of Michael P. Niemira and Philip A. Klein (1994) concerning the relationship between regional development level and business cycle fluctuation vulnerability. Finally, we showed that less developed and less economically diversified regions are more prone to economic fluctuations.
PL
Analiza koniunktury ekonomicznej w skali kraju dostarcza informacji na temat długości, przebiegu i fazy cyklu, w której znajduje się gospodarka. Jednak sytuacja w kraju nie musi być zbieżna z kondycją gospodarczą poszczególnych regionów. Na rozbieżności w tym zakresie wskazuje się w literaturze przedmiotu. W artykule zaprezentowano analizę sytuacji gospodarczej w województwie warmińsko-mazurskim od początku 2008 r. do III kwartału 2010 r., uwzględniając występujące ostatnio zaburzenia w światowej i polskiej gospodarce. Ponadto rozważono na przykładzie Warmii i Mazur przydatność metod wielowymiarowej analizy porównawczej do oceny koniunktury gospodarki regionalnej. Kolejnym celem artykułu była weryfikacja poglądu Michaela P. Niemiry i Philipa A. Kleina (1994) na temat zależności między poziomem rozwoju regionu a podatnością na wahania koniunktury. Wyniki analizy potwierdzają większą wrażliwość regionów o niskim poziomie rozwoju i niewielkim zróżnicowaniu gospodarczym na zmiany koniunkturalne, które można wyrazić za pomocą mierników syntetycznych.
EN
When analysing the conditions of establishing indicators to reflect the fiscal policy implemented it is important whether and to what extent it is due not only to the decisions, but also to the methods of public funds management that support these decisions. When discussing finance management in the context of public tasks performance on the basis of objectives, measured with appropriate indicators, it is most often assumed that in Poland it is related to, in the first place, the performance budgeting concept. Especially to the budgeting method (or methods for supporting budgeting) that consists in linking the results with projected allocations of the state budget and other public finance sector governmental units. This approach, which emphasises the primacy of performance budgeting, would be justified due to the primary role stemming from the formalised functional designation of this tool that was set already at the initial stage of its establishment in Poland, so as to fulfil the conditions of the method implementation which is referred to in the international nomenclature as performance budgeting or performance-based budget. The key role in performance-based planning with regard to the effectiveness and efficiency examination in the public sector was reinforced with the provisions of the law on public finance, and executive provisions included in the regulations by the Minister of Finance. Such approach to the issue would still be simplified, and would significantly reduce the perspective of the analysis, disregarding the actual variety of practices and advancement of the previous Polish achievements, stemming from the system transformation, which were later intensified during the endeavours to adopt the output focused management culture promoted by the European Union with regard to the public sector (it mainly refers to preparing for public tasks implementation thanks to the use of the EU operational programmes funds and the related evaluation practices and evaluation culture). The role of the state, which has been increasing due to the crisis of the years 2007–2008 and the COVID-19 pandemic, calls for creating the most effective methods of involvement that lead to social and economic development. An important role in the process is played by properly selected public management instruments, thorough which the individual functions of the state are realised. In her article, the author attempts to discuss the issues related to the growing scale of its impact on economic processes, and to refer to performance budgeting matters.
PL
Rosnąca w ostatnich dziesięcioleciach rola państwa, spowodowana kryzysem w latach 2007−2008 oraz pandemią COVID-19, wymaga wypracowania skutecznych metod zaangażowania, służących rozwojowi społeczno-gospodarczemu. Istotną rolę w tym procesie odgrywają właściwie dobrane instrumenty zarządzania publicznego, za pośrednictwem których następuje realizacja poszczególnych funkcji państwa. W artykule starano się przedstawić zagadnienia dotyczące coraz większej skali jego oddziaływania na procesy gospodarcze oraz odnieść się do kwestii związanych z budżetem zadaniowym. Praktyczne wskazówki dotyczące usprawniania tego narzędzia nie mogą jednak przesłaniać głównego wniosku, zgodnie z którym nie należy poprzestawać w dążeniach do podniesienia efektywności wykorzystania zasobów publicznych. Podejmowane działania trzeba jednak dostosowywać do realiów danego kraju, ponieważ nie ma nic bardziej błędnego niż wykorzystywanie wzorców, które sprawdzają się na świecie, ale w żaden sposób nie dadzą się inkorporować do polskiego systemu społecznego, jak również tradycji, nawyków i kultury.
PL
Poziom i warunki życia w krajach Unii Europejskiej są silnie przestrzennie zróżnicowane. Od początku XXI wieku obserwuje się rozwój działań na rzecz zrównoważonego rozwoju, którego celem jest zapewnienie przyszłym pokoleniom stałego wzrostu poziomu życia i spójności społecznej. Dlatego celem artykułu było porównanie poziomu życia w krajach Unii Europejskiej za pomocą tradycyjnych, nowych oraz syntetycznych wskaźników, a także utworzono grupy krajów o podobnym poziomie życia.
EN
Level and living conditions in the countries of the European Union are highly spatially variable. Since the beginning of the XXI century has seen the development of sustainable development, which aims to provide future generations a steady increase in living standards and social cohesion. Therefore the aim of the article was to compare the standard of living in the European Union by means of traditional, new and synthetic indicators, and also created a group of countries with a similar standard of living.
EN
Healthcare is one of the most important sectors of the public economy in the EU countries. An important task in the analysis and prediction of the values for healthcare funding is the development and application of quantitative models based on different mathematical methods. Three of the most popular indicators used for the macroeconomic description of the funding of healthcare are: (1) total government expenditure on health as a percentage of GDP; (2) total government expenditure on health as a percentage of total general government expenditure; and (3) total government expenditure on health per capita. The aim of this research is to study the trends for the main indicators of healthcare funding on the macroeconomic level and to develop models based on time series methods for analysis of the features of the trends and the prediction of the values for the next time period.
PL
System ochrony zdrowia to jeden z najważniejszych sektorów gospodarki w państwach UE. Ważnym zadaniem w analizie i prognozowaniu wielkości finansowania ochrony zdrowia jest opracowanie i zastosowanie modeli ilościowych opartych na różnych metodach matematycznych. Trzy z najpopularniejszych wskaźników wykorzystywanych w makroekonomicznym opisie finansowania opieki zdrowotnej to: (1) całkowite wydatki rządowe na zdrowie jako procent PKB; (2) całkowite wydatki rządowe na zdrowie jako odsetek całkowitych wydatków sektora instytucji rządowych i samorządowych; oraz (3) całkowite wydatki rządowe na zdrowie na mieszkańca. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zbadanie trendów głównych wskaźników finansowania ochrony zdrowia na poziomie makroekonomicznym oraz opracowanie modeli opartych na metodach szeregów czasowych do analizy cech trendów i prognozowania wartości na kolejny okres.
EN
Healthcare is one of the most important sectors of the public economy in the EU countries. An important task in the analysis and prediction of the values for healthcare funding is the development and application of quantitative models based on different mathematical methods. Three of the most popular indicators used for the macroeconomic description of the funding of healthcare are: (1) total government expenditure on health as a percentage of GDP; (2) total government expenditure on health as a percentage of total general government expenditure; and (3) total government expenditure on health per capita. The aim of this research is to study the trends for the main indicators of healthcare funding on the macroeconomic level and to develop models based on time series methods for analysis of the features of the trends and the prediction of the values for the next time period.
PL
System ochrony zdrowia to jeden z najważniejszych sektorów gospodarki w państwach UE. Ważnym zadaniem w analizie i prognozowaniu wielkości finansowania ochrony zdrowia jest opracowanie i zastosowanie modeli ilościowych opartych na różnych metodach matematycznych. Trzy z najpopularniejszych wskaźników wykorzystywanych w makroekonomicznym opisie finansowania ochrony zdrowia to: (1) całkowite wydatki rządowe na zdrowie jako procent PKB; (2) całkowite wydatki rządowe na zdrowie jako odsetek całkowitych wydatków sektora instytucji rządowych i samorządowych; oraz (3) całkowite wydatki rządowe na zdrowie na mieszkańca. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zbadanie trendów głównych wskaźników finansowania ochrony zdrowia na poziomie makroekonomicznym oraz opracowanie modeli opartych na metodach szeregów czasowych do analizy cech trendów i prognozowania wartości na kolejny okres.
PL
Zasadnicza problematyka poruszana w artykule odnosi się do wpływu złożonych kryzysów gospodarczych na wartość księgową spółek akcyjnych. Zawirowania na giełdzie papierów wartościowych mają negatywny wpływ na wartość księgową badanych jednostek. Jest to o tyle istotne, że inwestorzy skupujący bądź zbywający akcje poszczególnych spółek giełdowych mają utrudnione zadanie, gdyż podejmując decyzje wokół realizowanych inwestycji są narażeni na ogromne ryzyko a zarazem niepewność. Warto w tym wypadku zbadać, które wskaźniki giełdowe są najbardziej pomocne w ocenie kondycji finansowej spółek. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest określenie wpływu wybranych wskaźników na wzrost wartości księgowej spółek notowanych na Giełdzie Papierów Wartościowych w Warszawie w warunkach kryzysu. Metodą badawczą zastosowaną w prezentowanym artykule jest estymacja modelu ekonometrycznego potwierdzającego wysoki wpływ wybranych mierników na wartość księgową spółek akcyjnych Badania nad wpływem estymatorów na zmienną zależną obejmują przedział czasowy styczeń 2020–maj 2023.
EN
The main issue addressed in the article relates to the impact of complex economic crises on the book value of joint-stock companies. Turmoil on the stock market has a negative impact on the book value of the entities studied. This is more important because investors buying or selling shares of individual listed companies have a difficult task, since in making decisions around their investments they are exposed to enormous risk and, at the same time, uncertainty. In this case, it is worth examining which stock market indicators are most helpful in assessing the financial health of companies. The purpose of this article is to determine the impact of the selected indicators on the growth of book value of the companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange during crisis circumstances. The research method used in the presented article is the estimation of an econometric model that confirms the high impact of selected metrics on the book value of listed companies The research on the impact of estimators on the dependent variable covers the period January 2020–May 2023.
Forum Oświatowe
|
2022
|
vol. 34
|
issue 1(67)
153-164
PL
Niniejszy artykuł zawiera wyniki teoretycznej analizy koncepcji jakości edukacji w kontekście celów zrównoważonego rozwoju (Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs), ponieważ operacjonalizacja tego pojęcia w podjętych badaniach własnych była dużym wyzwaniem. Wyjaśnienie powiązanych koncepcji zostało zbadane poprzez analizę literatury i stwierdzono, że pojęcie jakości edukacji jest nieuchwytne. W związku z tym proponuję dwie interpretacje jakości edukacji. Po pierwsze, jako wysoce pożądany cel, tj. czwarty SDG w Agendzie 2030, a po drugie, jako edukacja formalna (ustrukturyzowany system edukacji) o wysokiej jakości jest środkiem promowania zrównoważonego rozwoju. Ponadto zaproponowałam model interpretacyjny poprzez wskazanie filarów, lub atrybutów, wysokiej jakości edukacji dla zrównoważonego rozwoju. Dalsze badania jak te dwie przeplatające się interpretacje i proponowany model mogą wspierać interesariuszy w kontekście globalnym by lepiej zrozumieć jakość edukacji w kontekście zrównoważonej przyszłości.
EN
This theoretical paper explores the concept of quality education in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), since the operationalization of this concept remains challenging. A clarification of related concepts was explored through literature analysis, and the concept of quality education was found to be elusive. Consequently, I suggest two interpretations of quality education. Firstly, as a highly desirable aim, i.e. the fourth SDG in Agenda 2030, and, secondly, as formal education (structured education system) of high quality as a means to promote sustainability. In addition, I proposed an interpretation model by identifying pillars, or attributes, of quality education for sustainability. However, further investigation is required into how these two interlaced interpretations and the proposed model could support stakeholders in a global context to better understand quality education in terms of a sustainable future.
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.