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Niemiecki dyskurs polityczny wokół „powrotu do natury” w kontekście umieralności niemowląt (początek XX wieku)

100%

Chojecki D. K.

Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski

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2015

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vol. 37

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issue 4

125-140

EN

The article presents politicians’ views – often referring to scientific findings – on the reason of a relatively high infant mortality rate in Germany just before the First World War; it also outlines the remedies for that phenomenon. The analysis has been carried out on the basis of the published stenographic records of the meetings at the Reichstag building. The narrative is based on an objective comparative method, according to which a direct assessment of facts, events and processes is forbidden. The juxtaposed contents highlight a strong polarisation of political views, on the one hand represented by social democrats, and on the other by the rest of the members of Parliament and people connected with the Government, which allows insight into the theoretical and practical premises of the actions undertaken.

2

Model Bourgeois-Pichata w badaniach demograficzno-historycznych

86%

Ogórek B.

Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski

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2016

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vol. 38

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issue 38, 2016, nr 4

135-146

PL

Celem artykułu jest zwięzły opis tzw. modelu biometrycznego umieralności niemowląt – modelu Bourgeois-Pichata, przedstawienie jego trzech najważniejszych własności oraz ukazanie procedur obliczeniowych w trzech programach komputerowych (R, Stata, Excel) prowadzących do dopasowania modelu do danych rzeczywistych. W tekście ukazano najistotniejsze prace badawcze wykorzystujące omawiany model w demografii historycznej. Jako że sam model, jak i sposoby jego wykorzystania poddawane były krytyce, w artykule podano odniesienia bibliograficzne do dalszej literatury na temat ograniczeń modelu i sytuacji szczególnych skutkujących niewiarygodnością wyników. Zawarto także propozycje wykorzystania modelu Bourgeois-Pichata w polskich badaniach demograficzno-historycznych.

EN

The article has been written in order to concisely depict the so-called biometric model of infant mortality, the Bourgeois-Pichat model, to present its three most important properties and to show the computational procedures in three computer programs (R, Stata, Excel) that lead to fitting the model to the real data. The text reveals the most important research works where the model in question was used in historical demography. As the model itself and the ways it was used were criticised, the article contains bibliographic references to further literature where it is possible to find wider information on the limitations of the model and the situations that lead to unreliable results. Last but not least the article contains proposals of using the Bourgeois-Pichat model in Polish demographic-historical research.

3

Badania nad rodziną w miastach zaboru pruskiego w XIX i na początku XX wieku. Stan obecny i perspektywy badawcze

86%

Zielińska A.

Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski

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2015

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vol. 37

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issue 1

163-181

EN

The article deals with the problem of demographic changes that take place in thefamilies living in towns of the Prussian partition in the 19th century and at the beginningof the 20th. The most important populational parameters have been presented; on the basisof these parameters it is possible to observe trends and the directions of changes, whichare part of a much wider, pan-European process of demographic transformation. Theresearch has been carried out on the basis of the information concerning a few towns ofthe Prussian partition (Toruń, Poznań, Gdańsk, Elbląg, Starogard, Chojnice, Chełmża).A special attention has been paid to a decreasing age of newlyweds, disappearing barriersfor mixed (interfaith) marriages, loosening of social and professional requirements, andweakening of the territorial barrier while choosing the spouse. The fact worth noticing isthat the interval between the day of birth and the day of baptism was longer than before.Other facts that are of interest are: a decrease of the rate of birth/mortality, as well asof the coefficient of births and deaths at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. Anothersphere that has been researched is the value of infant mortality, quite high in the 19thcentury and slowly diminishing afterwards. A combination of civilisational processes,mental changes of human beings and changes in their customs had a decisive impact onthe shape and size of the family. It was the beginning of essential transformations, whichare still taking place now and keep influencing the demographic situation of the population.The article also contains a proposal of further demographic research on the Jewishfamily in the towns of the Prussian partition, because that subject is often omitted. In theend, some new directions of research have been suggested and an introductory literaturehas been given, too.

4

Keynote Forum, Major Issues & Poster Presentations at the 3rd International Conference on Nursing & Midwifery, May 23-24, 2018 in New York, USA

72%

Mazurkiewicz, D.W

Progress in Health Sciences

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2018

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vol. 8(1)

234-243

EN

The 3rd International Conference on Nursing & Midwifery, held on May 23-24, 2018 in New York, USA was characterized by a multitude of topics addressing professional issues of importance to midwives and nurses. Prevailing subjects focused on the following: * professional functioning of midwives facing the risk of terrorism and terrorist attack, * the role of CEFM on childbirth outcomes, * attitudes of nursing students towards individuals with mental illness, * healing the abuse of nurses, * substance-dependent women and motherhood, *nursing-crisis of maternal and infant mortality in the United States, * nurses and midwives attitudes toward overweight and obese during childbirth, * quality of life of patients undergoing cancer treatment, * effectiveness of spiritual group therapy among women with breast cancer, * prevalence of delayed umbilical cord clamping practices, *problems among women with late pregnancy loss, * current care for older people, * HIV in Sub Saharan Africa, * sexual problems in gynecological cancers and nursing approaches.

5

Umieralność niemowląt w „polskich” rejencjach Prus na początku XX wieku

58%

Chojecki D.

Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski

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2015

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vol. 37

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issue 3

147-189

EN

The article presents the causes and spatial differences of infant mortality in eastern Prussia densely populated by the Polish, and the changes that phenomenon was subject to. The research has been carried out mainly on the numeric data juxtaposed and published by Dr Behr-Pinnow, on official statistical material (Preußische Statistik, Statistikdes Deutschen Reichs, Veröffentlichungen des Kaiserlichen Gesundheitsamts) and on unpublished archival material, first of all reports of Regierungsbezirk presidents. Infant mortality has been analysed at three levels of data aggregation: provinces, Regierungsbezirke, counties (Kreise). In the research the following devices have been used: coefficients, averaging of several years, (dis)similarity rates of structures (the reference standard – Regierungsbezirk Aurich), weighted linear regression, cartograms (grouping based on median absolute deviation). The article depicts the tendency for infant mortality in the ‘Polish’ Regierungsbezirke of Prussia, which deteriorated at the beginning of the 20th century, and a significant spatial diversification of the phenomenon in question, which was related to the way of farming (especially in the region of Żuławy Wiślane and the Vistula valley); however, the research has not provided any conclusive evidence of a link between a high infant mortality rate in the area in question and the socio-professional structure, the level of affluence or the infrastructure. On the other hand, thanks to linear regression models it has been proved that the intensity of infant mortality in counties depended on the ethnic composition to a significant degree (the faith did notplay any role). Parallel to an increase of the Polish- and Kashubian-speaking populations (those populations – it is worth mentioning – usually enjoyed lower socio-economic status compared to their German-speaking neighbours) the infant mortality rate was generally decreasing. It was at the lowest level in Greater Poland, in the counties of Kościan, Gostyn and Śmigiel (where the dominant population was Polish, Catholic and rural). All in all, it is justified to say that the Polish- and Kashubian-speaking populations that were less advanced in demographic transformation compared to their German-speaking neighbours, even before institutionalising social welfare, provided better care for babies and guaranteed a lower infant mortality rate, first of all thanks to the general and longer breastfeeding.

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The Issue of Infant Mortality in Polish Historical Research

58%

Dziuba D.

Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski

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2020

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vol. 42

9-35

PL

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie problematyki umieralności niemowląt w polskich badaniach historycznych oraz scharakteryzowanie ważniejszych prac skupiających się na powyższym zagadnieniu. Autor poddaje analizie około siedemdziesiąt pozycji naukowych, aby odpowiedzieć na zasadnicze pytanie, w jakim zakresie poruszana jest w nich tematyka dotycząca zgonów dzieci, które nie ukończyły pierwszego roku życia. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że w poszczególnych grupach prac badawczych umieralność niemowląt jest najczęściej przedstawiana w sposób ogólny oraz schematyczny. Kilkanaście prac przedstawia rzeczony problem w pobocznym nurcie zainteresowania badawczego, a tylko kilka polskich publikacji traktuje umieralność najmłodszych dzieci jako główny nurt badania i omawia zagadnienie wieloaspektowo i w szerszym kontekście.

EN

The article presents infant mortality in Polish historical research and points towards more important works focusing on the above issue. The author analyses approximately seventy academic works in order to answer the fundamental question as to what extent they deal with the issue of deaths in children under the age of one. The research shows that, in particular groups of research papers, infant mortality is most often presented in a general and formulaic manner. A dozen or so papers present this problem as a side issue in their research and only a few Polish studies have infant mortality as their main issue and discuss it in a multi-faceted and broader context.

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5 Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski

1 Progress in Health Sciences

1 2020

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3 2015

1 Chojecki D.

1 Chojecki D. K.

1 Dziuba D.

1 Mazurkiewicz, D.W

1 Ogórek B.

1 Zielińska A.

Niemiecki dyskurs polityczny wokół „powrotu do natury” w kontekście umieralności niemowląt (początek XX wieku)

Model Bourgeois-Pichata w badaniach demograficzno-historycznych

Badania nad rodziną w miastach zaboru pruskiego w XIX i na początku XX wieku. Stan obecny i perspektywy badawcze

Keynote Forum, Major Issues & Poster Presentations at the 3rd International Conference on Nursing & Midwifery, May 23-24, 2018 in New York, USA

Umieralność niemowląt w „polskich” rejencjach Prus na początku XX wieku

The Issue of Infant Mortality in Polish Historical Research