The article attempts to theoretically and methodologically capture the potential and possibilities of films within informal education. The author begins by reflecting on the importance of popular culture in the process of shaping the identity of the individual and then proceeds to determine the contemporary role of informal education and the importance of film as an educational medium (in reference to the previously applicable communication model and cognitive theory). In the further part of the article, in order to determine the current discourse, the author tries to present in an orderly manner both well-known and newer concepts in the field of film (originating from various fields of science). As a summary, the author refers to contemporary trends that seem to be followed by the latest research and practical activities related to film education.
The article highlights the importance of continuous education for the successful development of Ukrainian society, as well as for the satisfaction of the needs of each individual and the improvement of his professional skills.
The article reveals the logic of building the organizational-methodological system of future choreography teachers’ training with a focus on improving the quality of education, professional training through the phenomenology of artistic and mental experience. This idea led to the consideration of a wide range of factors of influence on art education and the inclusion of various constructs in the system that make it more open. The following factors are taken into account: vitality, gradualism and continuity, pre-university training; communicative peculiarities of professional learning environments ethno-mental traditions, regional socio-cultural space. It is shown that modern education is regarded as a three-track dimension, which includes such forms as: formal, non-formal, informal. Informal education corresponds to the accumulation of the vital (life) experience, which manifests itself in two types: information about the experience of living in an artistic environment and information about the life (in this case professional) artistic experience. The accumulation of such experience is caused by stochastic phenomena in the development of art and socio-cultural space. It is emphasized in the article that the modern teacher of art, including choreography, should be more mobile, independent, competent in various types and genres of choreography, must have an organizational culture, be able to work in team. Such training should be carried out taking into account modern trends of development of art education, all factors affecting the artistic and aesthetic preferences and acquire the appropriate experience of today’s youth. The explicit use of such experience in the training is possible through the inclusion in the system of informal constituent. The latter is usually considered in accordance with the post-graduate or continuous education. Meanwhile, pre-university training of future choreographers is mainly carried out in the conditions of non-formal and informal education, which affects their experience and quality professionalism. Educational strategy for the actualization of the self takes into account such forms of experience. For this the principles of organization and functioning of open systems become relevant, among which the most important principles are identified: organizational continuity, compatibility, reverse connection.
Variability of interpretation of concept of informal education from a position of the researchers of German-speaking countries is shown in the article, namely Germany, Austria, Switzerland and others. It is defined that education throughout life contains certain types of training: formal, non-formal and informal. It is proved that the concept of informal education has wide variability of the interpretation, its essence consists in existence of a certain organized, systematic educational activity which is carried out behind the territory of a formal education system for a guarantee to the chosen (certain) types of training of separate subgroups of the population, both adults, and children. The terms «formal», «non-formal» and «informal» serve the systematization and description of the multifaceted learning processes that may occur consciously or by chance in various contexts and be organized in very different ways; their use however is still not uniform. The terms have been discussed extensively, including in the feasibility study prepared as part of the «Lifelong learning passport with certification of informal learning». For the Commission of the European Communities on the other hand formal and non-formal learning are unequivocally intentional, informal learning is “not necessarily” so. Informal learning thus takes place in all life contexts; it may be intentional and directed but also, as in most cases, be done quite incidentally. It does not usually lead to any certification. Non-formal learning processes on the other hand under the EU’s definition take place outside the main systems of general and vocational education and may, but do not have to, lead to formal certificates. The definition used by the OECD in the guidelines for this activity defines different boundaries: Formal learning refers to learning through a programme of instruction in an educational institution, adult training center or in the workplace, which is generally recognized in a qualification or a certificate. Non-formal learning refers to learning through a programme but is not usually evaluated and does not lead to a certification. Informal learning refers to learning resulting from daily work-related, family or leisure activities. The main criterion that differentiates formal learning from the other two forms of learning for the OECD is the qualification and certification of learning. This means that CET resulting in a recognized certificate counts as formal learning. Non-formal learning also takes place in organized contexts but is generally not a subject to evaluation or certification – and hence does not lead to an entitlement. The OECD’s definition of informal learning primarily targets unintentional learning processes on the job, in the family or during leisure time.
The aim of the text is to discuss the educational potential of popular culture. The firstpart focuses on theoretical opinions on the relationships of culture and education. Pedagogical thinking about culture is dominated by its humanistic understanding, in which a special sense of culture has been understood as one of the top of human achievement. In traditional pedagogical reflection,there is noticeable concentration on culture as “valuable for educational interactions”. In such a perspective, the space of popular culture is ignored. Perceived as a bad Mr. Hyde of cultural space, it is treated as an area of threats to the development of children and youth. But culture is not only a canon of the achievements of past generations. In the anthropological sense, these are simply the ways of living a life in a society. Popular culture is the space where various aspects are commented on. Popular art plays a special role here.The second part discusses the pop cultural texts that illustrate the characteristic elements of utopia: burial of the “old world”, establishing a “perfect” order, protection against external destruction and against destruction from inside. Formed at different times and based on different means of expression, they address the dilemmas associated with thinking about a “better world”. They present the mechanisms and consequences of building a new society “with their own language”.
Many countries have had people in power who were mower-mad and hungry for money as their representatives. In the case of Poland, there is quiet acquiescence to unethical actions by the authorities for the sake of one's own benefits, and a commonly accepted aversion to politicians (Zalec, 2022). of all kinds, which may be linked to the country's history. Those in power have become usurpers who do not care about the rules, the constitution or EU law, nor are they afraid of any punishment. Those who oppose these precedents become enemies, murderers or are accused of spreading propaganda. The country is divided into two camps - those who support the current government and those who are against it. The consequences do not only affect individuals, they are sometimes extended to entire municipalities where the current ruling party has lost the election. Ignorance or lack of civic knowledge can cause some voters to ignore the fact/not realise that their passivity is nevertheless supporting the current government. Crucial to combating this phenomenon is reliable informal citizenship education, carried out in an ongoing, emotionally charged way, appealing to the positive sides of informed citizenship and not discouraging to politics. The value of democracy should be taught. People should become open to discussing democracy, and the media should also repeat such positive messages. It is also important to remember what has happened by now.
Anthropological and sociological reflections over the city often stress its importance as a dynamic creation, that shapes the identity of its dwellers, hence it is a place of upbringing – locus educandi. It is, therefore, not ideologically-free area, and can serve as a point of departure for the reflections within the framework of pedagogy or cross-cultural education. The city is a symbolic sphere, where, as a part of the everyday life interactions, the encounter with the Other takes place. Thus, such area can make individuals familiar with the latter. At the same time the city becomes a material foundation for intercultural education, upon which (cross-cultural) social capital can be built. Such way of understating the city points to its properties as a phenomenological experience, what, in turn, makes relations with the place psychological and semantic. This paper analyzes selected theories of the city as a social and anthropological area, revealing its pedagogical potential. The latter – as exemplified by Sarajevo – can be used in various educational projects in culturally diverse communities.
Proces edukacji i resocjalizacji, zwłaszcza osób niepełnoletnich, jest szczególnie ważny, ponieważ w skutecznie pozwala pomagać młodym ludziom zagrożonym niedostosowaniem społecznym lub niedostosowanym społecznie. Ponieważ problematyka resocjalizacji ma doniosłe znaczenie na wielu płaszczyznach celem artykułu jest przedstawienie outdoor education jako nowatorskiej metody, która może być wykorzystania w pracy z młodzieżą niedostosowaną społecznie lub zagrożoną niedostosowaniem społecznym.
EN
The process of education and rehabilitation, especially of minors, is particularly important because it effectively helps young people at risk of social maladjustment or socially maladjusted. As the issue of social rehabilitation is of great importance on many levels, the aim of this article is to present outdoor education as an innovative method that can be used to work with socially maladjusted youth or at risk of social maladjustment.
The press fulfills an important role if it comes to culture, it also influences public opinion, therefore, it can be an important tool in forming the view of society according to the problems of degradation and protection of the natural environment, the aim of this article is to estimate engagement of the regional press on the example of lubelskie province, the hypothesis is that the regional daily press in lubelskie province leads informal environmental education, however, they do not use their potential and means in order to form pro-ecological attitudes and opinions among its readers, the results of the research have shown that the number of articles about nature has systematically increased comparing to other thematic ranges, which is a very positive fact. However, the texts which are sensational and do not touch the problem still prevail in the press, there are not enough articles that present the natural environment as a value that should be protected because of economic, spiritual, healthy, and esthetic reasons. Taking into account that the problems connected with degradation and protection of nature ought to be treated as a priority, the local press should involve in environmental education much stronger, they can get through to the readers by interesting and convincing articles, and contribute to the improvement of the natural environment.
The aim of this research was to evaluate the educational offers of agrotourist farms in the Siedlce region, the research was conducted on the grounds of interviews with the farm owners and information provided by Mazowiecki Ośrodek Doradztwa Rolnieczego “Mazowsze - agrotourism 2005/2006”.The results confirm the assumption that agrotourist farms carry on an informal environmental education for their customers, but there are possibilities for improvement of this educational activity, the farm owners need appropriate preparation to fulfill the role of guides and teachers.
The results of the surveys and interviews carried out in the communes of Pomeranian district indicate a great need for coordination of educational actions directed not only for schools, but also for the local communities, there is a necessity for the communes to formulate a programme of environmental education for society that include local circumstances, the level of both knowlegde and awareness of society in the field of environmental protection, biodiversity and sustainable development are still unsufficient and apart from the scholl, they also require the activities of the family and local institutions.
The aim of the article is to identify and describe forms of educational activity undertaken by adults in the field of informal education. The argument is based on the author’s research in the context of contemporary discourse on informal education.
PL
Celem niemniejszego artykułu jest wskazanie i opisanie form aktywności edukacyjnej w obszarze edukacji nieformalnej osób dorosłych na podstawie raportu z badań własnych w kontekście współczesnego dyskursu związanego z edukacją nieformalną.
Artykuł podsumowuje wyniki pracy Grupy Roboczej, która została powołana z inicjatywy Federalnego Ministerstwa Edukacji i Badań oraz Konferencji Ministrów Kultury celem ewaluacji wyników dotychczasowych działań na rzecz uwzględnienia uczenia się nieformalnego w Niemieckich Ramach Kwalifikacyjnych. Autor omawia najważniejsze zagadnienia, nad którymi obradowała Grupa Robocza oraz naświetla kierunki proponowanych dalszych prac. Stan badań nad uczeniem się nieformalnym pozwala już obecnie na uwzględnienie wyników uczenia się nieformalnego w systemie Ram Kwalifikacyjnych, niemniej prace trwają nadal. Wiele kwestii jest nadal spornych.
In the contemporary world, communication goes far beyond the well-known traditional written or spoken forms. For today's digital users, these have become insufficient, as using them, they cannot express their thoughts fully. The youth that has developed its own language, has become more hermetic, but not because it rejects other generations. The reason is the inability of older generations to understand the new ways of communication. Seniors find it challenging to learn how to use new technologies and stay up to date with trends. Although young people are able to understand them, the older generation cannot keep up with the news and stays excluded. The lack of mutual understanding results in weaker bonds. Once again, it is possible to observe ICT as a contemporary key competence essential for an adequate, mutually comprehensible exchange of messages. The best way to connect two generations in this aspect is informal education, especially one focusing on intergenerational activities, which will not only reduce the exclusion of a social group such as seniors but will also let them to develop their critical thinking skills, which in the age of the Internet are crucial. Bringing up both generations in two different 'normalities' does not make any of them inferior but simply different. Investing in education, the desire for self-development and learning about the culture of different generations will not only open people's minds but will also have a positive impact on the development of intergenerational solidarity and mutual understanding.
The authors introduce a realistic concept of innovation in teaching technical subjects at primary schools with regard to sustainable development of industrial society. The concept is based on the published results of an institutional survey carried within six organizations which are concerned with teaching the educational area of Man and the World of Work and preparing teachers for the area. The survey was conducted as a part of the project Erasmus +Activity 1, action strategic partnerships for school education no. 2015-1-SK01-KA201-008942 and as a training of the institute of informal way of teaching at Techmania Technology Center. The innovation is seen especially in interdisciplinary connections between subjects, implementation of new modern technologies in teaching and support of informal education.
Działalność autokreacyjna jednostek oznacza proces samodzielnego oddziaływania na kształt własnego rozwoju, co wiąże się z jej samoświadomością, umiejętnością stawiania i realizowania celów. Szczególną sytuację ku temu stwarzają międzynarodowe wyjazdy edukacyjne, podczas których młodzież zdobywa wiedzę oraz umiejętności nie tylko w trakcie edukacji formalnej, ale także nieformalnej, czyli w czasie wolnym, poznając kulturę danego kraju oraz jego atrakcje przyrodnicze. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie fragmentu badań dotyczących zdiagnozowania opinii młodzieży studenckiej na temat roli i znaczenia międzynarodowych wyjazdów edukacyjnych, w ich działalności autokreacyjnej, uwzględniając aspekt edukacji nieformalnej, czyli możliwości zdobywania wiedzy i umiejętności oraz kształtowania własnej osobowości w czasie wolnym. Powyższy aspekt stanowi pewnego rodzaju novum wśród dotychczas opublikowanych opracowań, które zwykle uwzględniały kompleksowe oddziaływanie uczestnictwa w powyższych wyjazdach na rozwój młodzieży. Aby zdiagnozować cel badań, zastosowano jakościowe oraz ilościowe metody badań. Analizując otrzymane wyniki, można zauważyć, że edukacja nieformalna realizowana przez młodzież studencką w czasie wolnym podczas międzynarodowych wyjazdów edukacyjnych przynosi jej wiele korzyści w sferze rozwoju poznawczego, społecznego, fizycznego, co przyczynia się do rozwoju i doskonalenia jej osobowości.
EN
Self-creating development is a process of shaping one’s own development path individually, which involves self-awareness and the ability to set and fulfil one’s goals. International educational trips constitute a perfect time to explore self-creating development potential. They offer a possibility to gain knowledge and experience not only through formal education, but also through the informal one – during free time, exploring natural attractions, familiarising with new culture. Given the above considerations, the purpose of this article is to present a study excerpt on students’ opinions about the role and significance of international educational trips on their self-development, emphasising the informal education aspect, i.e. possibility to gain knowledge, experience and shape one’s personality during free time. The aforementioned aspect appears to be a novelty amongst the studies that have been published thus far, the studies that usually took into account the multifaceted impact of such trips on students. To address the issue of this article, quantitative and qualitative measures have been taken. The analysis of the results of the study demonstrates that informal education during international education trips has multiple positive effects on students’ncognitive, social and physical development, which contributes to shaping their personalities.
In this article analised are Venezuelan programs for professional education of marginal groups. Author found, that these programs are offered by the formal and informal education sector to achieve the integral development of adults through traditional and innovative methods. An example of non-traditional innovative approach to solving the problems of adult education and professional education of the most vulnerable segments of the population, are the social-illuminating missions. It has witnessed innovative educational activities that give positive results when the system of formal education does not justify allocated to its responsibility.
PL
Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia analizę programów edukacji zawodowej dla grup marginesu społecznego w Wenezueli. Autorka dostrzega, że programy, oferowane przez sektor formalnej i nieformalnej edukacji, mają na celu usprawnić ogólny rozwój dorosłych za pomocą konserwatywnych i innowacyjnych metod. Przykładem innowacyjnego (niekonserwatywnego) podejścia do rozwiązania problemów edukacji dorosłych i kształcenia zawodowego wśród jednego z najsłabszych segmentów populacji są misje prospołeczne. Pomagają one wdrażać rozwiązania edukacyjne, które przynoszą pozytywne wyniki, gdy system formalnej edukacji się nie sprawdza.
Artykuł prezentuje wyniki wywiadu przeprowadzonego w 2018 roku z politykami i działaczami organizacji pozarządowych na temat występujących aktualnie w naszym kraju deficytów obywatelskości. Deficyty zostały odniesione do – obszernie opisanych w literaturze – teoretycznych ujęć obywatelskości i kompetencji obywatelskich. W końcowej części zawarto zwięzłe rekomendacje o charakterze pedagogicznym.
EN
The article presents the results of an interview conducted in 2018 with politicians and activists of non-governmental organizations on the current deficits in citizenship in our country. Deficits have been referred to the theories of citizenship and civic competences described extensively in the literature. In the final part there are succinct recommendations for pedagogy.
Tekst jest wynikiem refleksji autora nad własną praktyką zawodową, a szczególnie nad kontekstualnym ujęciem edukacji i animacji osób dorosłych realizowanych w Pracowni Teatru Tańca (PTT) w Zielonej Górze. Artykuł prezentuje interesujące poznawczo z perspektywy andragogicznej, a także animacyjnej, przeżycia dorosłych uczestników zajęć z zakresu teatru tańca. Rozważania zostały wzbogacone o subiektywną narrację autora jako pedagoga-badacza, animatora i choreografa zespołu, co pozwoliło mu na prezentację podjętego pola problemowego z perspektywy autoetnograficznej. W tekście wskazane zostały różne konteksty uczestnictwa w PTT, odnoszące się do wypowiedzi dorosłych i młodych dorosłych uczestników zajęć, a także ich odczytań. Za oś porządkującą rozważania autor przyjął prezentację PTT jako układu nakładających się i następujących po sobie przestrzeni: edukacji, animacji, samorealizacji oraz przestrzeni alternatywnej. Przestrzeń rozumiana jest w artykule jako pewien niemający materialnego odniesienia wymiar rzeczywistości społecznej wyznaczony przez sieć powiązań między podmiotami i działania tych podmiotów. Swobodne rozmowy/wywiady autor przeprowadził z siedmioma osobami, które wyraziły chęć podzielenia się swoimi doświadczeniami, i których staż uczestnictwa w zespole jest minimum pięcioletni. Ich treść została zarejestrowana cyfrowo, a następnie poddana transkrypcji. Tekst nie jest finalnym rezultatem zaprojektowanych badań prowadzonych w orientacji jakościowej. Zaproponowana formuła wspierana wypowiedziami uczestników oraz interpretacje autora mają charakter wyjaśniający, eksplikacyjny, porządkujący i opisujący społeczny fenomen funkcjonowania w amatorskim zespole artystycznym.
EN
The text is a result of the author’s reflexion on his own professional practice and especially on the contextual conceptualization of education and animation of adults implemented in the Dance Theatre Atelier in Zielona Góra. The article presents experiences of adult participants which are cognitively interesting from andragogical and animation perspective in the field of dance theatre. The considerations have been enriched with the author’s subjective narration as a pedagogue – researcher, animator and choreographer of the group which allowed him to make an attempt to present undertaken issue from the autoethnographic perspective. In the text different contexts of participation in the Dance Theatre Atelier have been indicated referring to the statements of young and adult participants of classes as well as to their readings. As an axis arranging his considerations the author has accepted the presentation of the Dance Theatre Atelier as a system of overlapping and alternating spaces: education, animation, self- realization and alternative space. The space, of course, is understood in the article as a dimension of social reality determined by a chain of connections among subjects and their activities which does not have material designatum. The author interviewed seven people with at least five years’ training experience in the group who expressed their desire to share their knowledge and skills. The content of the interviews has been recorded digitally and then transcribed. The text is not a final result of the designed research conducted in the qualitative orientation. The proposed formula assisted by the statements of participants and the author’s interpretations are explanatory, explicative, classificatory in nature and describe the social phenomenon of functioning in the amateur artistic group.
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