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EARNINGS FORECASTS ERRORS IN PROSPECTUSES: EVIDENCE FROM INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS ON THE WARSAW STOCK EXCHANGE

100%
Wawryszuk-Misztal A.
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
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2017
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vol. 12
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issue 2
229-243
EN
Research background: Several studies investigated the issue of accuracy of earnings fore-casts disclosed in IPO prospectus because of its importance in the investor’s decisions. Disclosing earnings forecasts can reduce information asymmetry and encourage potential investors to buy offered shares. The accuracy of earnings forecasts, and especially its deter-minants, was explored by some researchers, but for Polish companies such studies have not been conducted. Purpose of the article: The first objective of this study is to examine the bias and accuracy of earnings forecasts disclosed in IPO prospectuses by Polish companies attempting to be listed on the main market of the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The second aim of this paper is to identify the relationship between the absolute fore-cast error employed as a measure of earnings accuracy and a number of company specific characteristics such as company’s size, leverage, forecast horizon, managerial ownership, number of shares offered to investors (in relation to total shares before IPO). Methods: The empirical analysis were conducted on a sample of 102 domestic companies that performed IPOs on the main market of the Warsaw Stock Exchange during 2006-2015 and disclosed earnings forecasts in IPO prospectus. The forecast error (FER) and absolute forecast error (AFER) were adopted as a measure of accuracy of earnings forecasts. The non-parametric test was employed to achieve the adopted aims. Findings & Value added: The results show that, on average, the forecasted earnings exceed the actual earnings (i.e. the earnings forecasts are optimistic) and fore-casts are inaccurate. Moreover, the optimistic forecasts are more inaccurate than pessimistic ones. The findings of multiple regression model show that three independent variables may affect the level of absolute forecast error: the company’s size, managerial ownership and forecast horizon.
2
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Proces redukcji zaangażowania kapitałowego funduszy private equity w spółki portfelowe metod pierwszej oferty publicznej

88%
Sosnowski T., Łódzki U.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2012
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vol. 262
EN
The main objective of this paper is to recognize the dynamics and duration of disinvestment processes undertaken by the private equity funds through the Warsaw Stock Exchange. To achieve the goal of the research, it has been formulated the hypothesis affirming that the initial public offering as a method of divestment is mainly used to make a partial exit from an investment and the total sale of securities of companies usually occurs at a later date. Presented in the paper results of empirical research on the dynamics of an exit from the investment show that private equity fund remained as a shareholder after 1 year of the IPO in majority of the portfolio companies.
3

Determinanty rozwoju rynku emisji pierwotnych akcji na Giełdzie Papierów Wartościowych w Warszawie

63%
Ostrowska E., Deryło M.
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie
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2015
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issue 1(937)
101-114
PL
W artykule zdefiniowano termin emisje pierwotne akcji, dokonano identyfikacji i klasyfikacji determinant rozwoju rynku emisji pierwotnych akcji na Giełdzie Papierów Wartościowych w Warszawie. Determinanty podzielono na te związane z funkcjonowaniem spółki oraz na te związane z jej otoczeniem. Na podstawie wskazanych przez autorów kryteriów dokonano również analizy tendencji na rynku emisji pierwotnych akcji. Za kryteria te uznano rodowód spółek debiutujących na rynku, zależność od indeksu WIG, przyrost kapitalizacji, liczbę wycofań spółek z giełdy, przyrost liczby rachunków inwestycyjnych, a także PKB.
EN
The article defines the term “initial public offerings”, and identifies and classifies the determinants of the development of the initial public offerings market on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The determinants are divided into those associated with how companies function and those related to the environment. We analyse trends in the IPO market on the basis of these criteria: the origin of the companies debuting on the market, their dependence on the WIG index, the increase in capitalisation, the number of withdrawals of companies on the stock exchange, the increase in the number of investment accounts, and GDP.
4
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DOES TIMING MATTER FOR THE DETERMINANTS OF IPO SHORT-TERM RETURNS? EVIDENCE FROM THE TOP EMERGING MARKETS

51%
Lizińska J., Czapiewski L.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2015
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vol. 1
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issue 310
PL
Badania, których rezultaty zawiera opracowanie koncentrowały się wokół oceny krótkookresowej reakcji cenowej następującej po debiucie giełdowym (IPO). Próba badawcza obejmowała spółki dokonujące pierwotnej emisji akcji na jednym z trzech głównych rynków wschodzących w okresie 2005–2012. Celem artykułu było wyjaśnienie, czy krótkoterminowe niedoszacowanie cen akcji debiutujących spółek można wyjaśnić odwołując się do modeli opartych na racjonalności czy na aspektach behawioralnych.W okresie badawczym dla ofert dokonywanych na głównych rynkach wschodzących zaobserwowano wysoki poziom krótkoterminowych stóp zwrotu. Odnotowano również istotne statystycznie różnice w poziomie stóp zwrotu w podokresach wyróżnionych ze względu na koniunkturę rynkową. Z badań wynika również, iż krótkookresowa reakcja cenowa towarzysząca debiutom giełdowym była związana z poziomem niepewności, czynnikami odnoszącymi się do sygnalizacji oraz do teorii wyczucia rynku (market timing).
EN
The study examined the short-term price behavior of initial public offerings (IPOs) of equities listed on the top emerging market exchanges during the period from 2005 to 2012. We investigated whether underpricing could be explained with models based on stakeholder rationality and those concerning behavioral factors. There were extremely high initial, two- and four-week returns in the three top emerging markets during the sample period. The results documented the existence of significant differences in IPO short-term returns between initial equity issues offered in hot- versus cold-and-neutral markets. It was also found that the amount of money left on the table during initial public offerings was related most to the uncertainty, signaling and timing proxies. The study showed that the explanations for high initial returns were, to some extent, influenced by IPO timing.       
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