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PL
W badaniu poruszono problem analizy czynników wpływających na postawy innowacyjne w grupie małopolskich przedsiębiorstw sektora prywatnego. Analiza ma charakter porównawczy, odnosi się do badania realizowanego w roku 2009. W analizowanym okresie zaobserwowano bardzo znaczący spadek skłonności do podejmowania innowacji. Obserwacja ta dotyczy niemal każdego aspektu innowacyjności (finansowanie, współpraca, badania, kooperacja) i każdego rodzaju innowacji. Sytuacja taka ma miejsce mimo stale poprawiających się warunków wprowadzania innowacji: zwiększa się dostępność środków finansowych, rozszerza oferta jednostek B+R i sektora nauki, rośnie bagaż doświadczeń wynikających z dotychczasowej współpracy. Głównym powodem tego stanu rzeczy jest powszechna świadomość kryzysu gospodarczego i postawa wyczekiwania na pozytywne sygnały z rynku.
EN
This study addresses the issue of factor analyses, which affect the innovative attitudes of private sector enterprises of the region of Malopolska. This comparative analysis refers to a research carried out in 2009. In the analysed period a significant decrease in willingness to adopt innovation was observed – this observation applies to almost every aspect of innovation (funding, collaboration, research, co-operation) and every kind of innovation. This situation occurs despite the constantly improving conditions for innovation: increasing availability of financial resources, expanding offer of R&D institutions and the science sector, growing co-operation experience. The main reason for this is the prevalent awareness of the economic crisis and the attitude of awaiting positive signals from the market.
XX
The aim of the article is to determine the modern approaches to the professional training of future primary school teachers in scientific works of researchers at the modern stage. Methodological foundations of the research are thesis of the cognitive theory about the dialectical interconnection and interdependence of phenomena, social determination and the creative essence of a person. Theoretical and practical significance of the research is in the illumination of the essence of such important notions as «fundamentalization» and «modernization» of the professional training of future primary school teachers. Examined experience let us determine the conditions of professional training modernization in the conditions of higher school. Modernization of pedagogical practice is an important condition, which provides effective professional training of a future primary school teacher. It exists according to three models: pedagogical practice gets a subordinate part; the students master only the methodical devices during the practice; a student masters analytical pedagogy and methodical devices. Analyzing pedagogical higher school experience of the professional training of future primary school teachers in different countries, we can distinguish the following tendencies in improving the students study: psychological, pedagogical and sociological orientation of pedagogical education content; future teacher’s practical preparation for communication basing on the trainings; pedagogical practice reformation; using of practically oriented studying forms: microteaching, studying situations modeling, analysis of a lesson’s video fragments, school and laboratory practical work; using of informative technologies; promotion of the significance of the students’ self-dependent training. Examined experience of elementary school teachers’ training let us distinguish such conditions of modernization of primary school teacher’s professional training in the system of pedagogical education. Among them they are: cultivate of the theoretical primary school teachers’ activity models of a new type; determination of pedagogical conditions, which are the foundation of the effective educational process reformation; mobility and variety of the student’s choice as for the level of the professional qualification, additional specialties, specializations which will provide the formation of the individual educational strategy.
EN
The penmanship of our instructional team has given birth to a specifically developed short multimedia animated movie (Cow Affairs) – as a new resource in learning and an alternative to the traditional approach to teaching in schools in Serbia. Its content is designed for pupils of the first grade and for the school subject The World Around Us, for the lesson on Deriving Benefits from Cattle – Cow. Since the pupils of Year 1 in Serbia are the most overwhelmed pupils in Europe, the roots of which are in the old-fashioned technologies, books being the domineering resource, overwhelming goals and tasks for nonfunctional skills and old syllabus, we aim to innovate the approach to teaching and learning and to bring about dynamic changes in the process of learning of our children. The described model here of a class that implements animated movies tends to innovate the traditional way of teaching, to modernize it, to make it attractive, engaging and encouraging for our Year 1 pupils. The results published abroad on Computer Assisted Learning with Animated Movies among first graders show that IT has a great supremacy over the traditional approaches to teaching. The described animated movie will only make for the Introduction to a series of animated movies with the follow-up quizzes for on-line (or DVD) learning in primary schools. The described animated movie will show the extent and depth of our research and teachers’ questionnaire answers before its immediate use in the classroom.
PL
W artykule przedstawiona została propozycja, specjalnie opracowanego na potrzeby nauczania wczesnoszkolnego, filmu animowanego oraz scenariusz zajęć z wykorzystaniem tego filmu. Dotychczas w Serbii dominuje tradycyjne podejście do nauczania-uczenia się. Odbywa się ono głównie z wykorzystaniem tradycyjnych podręczników szkolnych. Opisana tu propozycja jest próbą połączenia tradycyjnych metod nauczania z nowoczesnymi technologiami multimedialnymi i stanowi nowy sposób modelowania procesu dydaktycznego na poziomie nauczania wczesnoszkolnego w Serbii.
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