Search results

1

Investigation of Criminal Bankruptcy: Practical Problems and Ways to Resolve Them

100%

Davchenco T.

Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie

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2021

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vol. 1(29)

17-27

EN

Investigations of economic crimes require the development of new methods, due to the rapid development of economic relations, the international corporation, the use of digital payment instruments, increased competition and the presence of corruption. The low level of crime detection and the absence of convictions indicate the expediency of amending the current procedural legislation to determine jurisdiction, empowering law enforcement agencies to conduct covert investigative (search) actions, to appoint examinations before criminal proceedings; define in substantive law the concept of economic crimes. In Ukraine, reforms in the criminal justice system, law enforcement and the judiciary have not yielded the expected results. Established law enforcement agencies often duplicate the powers of others, which creates a risk of corruption and hinders the effective collection of evidence in criminal proceedings. Professional training of investigators who are working on investigating of economic crimes requires a high level of legal and economic awareness. The use of special knowledge (involvement of specialists, appointment of expertise) needs to be reviewed, as investigators are deprived of the right to interrogate an expert. Dynamic changes in the legislation have negatively affected the activities of law enforcement agencies, which have been temporarily deprived of selfappointment. These powers rested with the investigating judge and the court. The protection of the economy requires the strengthening of law enforcement agencies on the methods of detecting criminal encroachments on the economic base of the state.

2

Prawo syndyka odstąpienia od umowy wzajemnej

100%

Nowacki A.

Kwartalnik Prawa Prywatnego

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2020

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vol. 29

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issue 1

137-172

EN

The subject matter of the article is the right of an insolvency receiver to rescind a mutual contract pursuant to Article 98 and Article 99 of the Polish Insolvency Law. In particular, it deals with the consequences for the interpretation of these articles of amendments introduced as of 1 January 2016. Article 98 of the Polish Insolvency Law provides that if, on the day of the declaration of insolvency, obligations arising from a mutual contract have not been performed in full or in part, the insolvency receiver may, with the consent of the judge-commissioner, perform an obligation of the insolvent debtor and either demand from the other party its mutual performance or rescind the contract with the effect as of the day of the declaration of insolvency. The author of the article argues, inter alia, that this right of rescission only affects such part of the obligations of the parties that remains unperformed as of the day of the declaration of insolvency, taking into account the advancement in performance of an obligation by that party to the contract, which, as of that day, was more advanced in doing so. In particular, it means that if the insolvency receiver decides not to rescind the contract, at most such part of the obligation of the insolvent debtor is to be satisfied as a debt of insolvency assets and not as a debt of the insolvent debtor that is equivalent to the part of the obligation of the other party to be performed after the declaration of the insolvency. The remaining part is to be satisfied by splitting the proceeds of the liquidation of insolvency assets, i.e. in a manner typical for the satisfaction of the debts of the insolvent debtor. The article covers, in particular, the analysis of various situations that may arise in this respect, including where, as of the day of the declaration of insolvency, both parties’ advancement in the performance of their respective obligations is equal, and where one of the parties (either the insolvent debtor or the counterparty) is more advanced in doing so.

3

The effectiveness of discriminant models based on the example of the manufacturing sector

100%

RADOSIŃSKI E., TOMCZAK S.

Operations Research and Decisions

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2017

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vol. 27

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issue 3

81-97

EN

The best models of bankruptcy prediction have been selected that can indicate the deteriorating situation of a company several years before bankruptcy occurs. There are a lot of methods for evaluating the financial statements of enterprises, but only a few can assess a company as a whole and recognise sufficiently early the deteriorating financial standing of a business. The matrix method was used to classify companies in order to assess the models. The correctness of the classification made by the models was tested based on data covering a period of five years before the bankruptcy of enterprises. To analyse the effectiveness of these discriminant models, the financial reports of manufacturing companies were used. Analysis of 33 models of bankruptcy prediction shows that only 5 models were characterized by sufficient predictive ability in the five years before the bankruptcy of enterprises. The results obtained show that so far a unique, accurate, optimal model, by which companies could be assessed with very high efficiency, has not been identified. That is why it is vital to continue research related to the construction of models enabling accurate evaluation of the financial condition of businesses.

4

Insurance for handling employee entitlements in the event of employer insolvency (bankruptcy)

100%

Karaleu Y. Y.

Nauki o Finansach

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2016

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issue 2(27)

38-48

EN

Among the modern types of economic insurances, the insurance of employees to cover their entitlements in the case of insolvency (bankruptcy) of a business may be considered as the most advantageous and future-oriented after the recent financial crisis which commenced in 2007, particularly in view of the growing number of bankruptcy cases in the Belarusian commercial courts. The purpose of this paper is to examine the varying legal treatments of employee entitlements in the case of employer insolvency (bankruptcy) and to encourage developing countries to use insurance to ensure the payment of employee entitlements which will ensure both the market strength and efficiency of the insolvency process

5

Retention of Title by the Seller in Cases of the Buyer's Insolvency

100%

Kiršienė J.

Baltic Journal of Law & Politics

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2009

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vol. 2

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issue 1

1-17

EN

The article analyzes the regulation and application of the retention of the title clause. Uncommon in Lithuania, though widespread in other countries, retention of the title clause is a measure for securing obligations in wholesales. In the first section of the article the concept of retention of the title clause is outlined and discussed. Although the Civil Code of the Republic of Lithuania stipulates that retention of title could be vested only in goods, the parties can agree on a so-called "enlarged" or "prolonged" retention of the title clause. The second section of the article deals with the formal requirements, such as content, form, registration, etc. for validity of reservation of title clause in Lithuania. Following this, the issues of qualification and the legal consequences of the buyer's titles to goods in which ownership is reserved by the seller are discussed. The buyer under sale agreement may enjoy different models of titles: trust, agency, and transfer of future claims. The administration and consequences of these models are discussed in detail in the third section of the article. The final segment of the article deals with the issue of the consequences of the retention of title clause in the event of the buyer's insolvency. The consequences may differ depending on the chosen model of buyer's title. Since the purpose of the reservation of title clause is to have priority over other creditors (even secured), the comparative analysis of the legal consequences of reservation of title clause and legal pledge is presented in this final section of the article.

6

Failure and insolvency. A proposal for Polish prediction models

88%

Staszkiewicz P., Witkowski B.

Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu

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2018

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issue 519

160-172

EN

This paper discusses the problem of mutual use of the insolvency and bankruptcy variable for business failure modelling. The prior Polish literature on insolvency tends to focus on the qualitative research. This research shows how the terms bankruptcy and insolvency modelling on the informal dataset might result in different fits of the models. Models were estimated based on 17,024 firm’s yearly observations from the 2004 to 2014 for the Polish financial market. Following prior research, the models were developed with application of the logit regression. The evidence gathered during the study supports the conclusion that the use of the legal definition of insolvency is a weak instrument for bankruptcy modelling.

7

Financial predictors of corporate insolvency - assessment of the forecast horizon of variables in models of early warning against corporate bankruptcy

88%

Antonowicz P., Migdał-Najman K., Najman K.

e-mentor

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2023

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vol. 101

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issue 4

39-44

EN

The authors of the study put forward a hypothesis that it is possible to extend the forecast period for the models of discriminant analysis used to assess the risk of enterprise bankruptcy, focusing on the components of these functions in the form of one-dimensional predictors, i.e. the indicators most frequently included in the discriminant functions developed in Poland. Early warning about the growing risk of bankruptcy would be very valuable for any company. The dataset was constructed from all enterprises in Poland that went bankrupt in the years 2007-2013, which was the end of the research project period. Out of the 4,750 business entities that went bankrupt at that time, 2,739 filed financial statements with commercial courts. The main objective was realized using dynamic assessment of the variability of selected one-dimensional predictors of bankruptcy for all of these enterprises. Assessment of the time variability of the indicators under analysis allows conclusions on the predictive possibilities associated with early warning against insolvency of business entities. The results constitute input to the discussion on determination of the longest prognostic horizon that can be adopted in the models of discriminant analysis used to assess the risk of enterprise bankruptcy. Most of them cover an annual forecasting horizon. Only a few authors have attempted to construct models based on data from the two, three, or even four years preceding bankruptcy. The study showed that the main symptoms of the growing risk of bankruptcy in most of the surveyed enterprises are visible much earlier than one year before bankruptcy. This provides an opportunity to correct the predictive models and more time to restructure the company, to prevent bankruptcy. Therefore, the authors of the study have assessed the possibility of extending this forecast period.

8

The Capacity to Forecast Enterprise Insolvency on the Polish Market Using the Precursory Altman Z-Score Model (1968)

88%

Antonowicz P., Antonowicz A.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia

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2022

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vol. 56

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issue 5

7-26

EN

Theoretical background: Many years have passed since the publication of the first multidimensional model (Z-score) of early bankruptcy warning by E.I. Altman in 1968. New models have since emerged in different countries. In this research stream, the share of econometric modelling based on the assumptions of discriminant analysis, i.e. MDA - Multiple Discriminant Analysis - one of the multidimensional classiifcation methods categorised as empirical-induction methods, plays a particularly important role. Purpose of the article: The article assesses the capacity of the Altman Z-Score to forecast (1 year ahead) insolvency of enterprises on the Polish market.

9

BANKRUPTCY IN SLOVAKIA: INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON OF THE CREDITOR´S POSITION

88%

Kliestik T., Misankova M., Kliestikova J.

Oeconomia Copernicana

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2017

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vol. 8

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issue 2

221-237

EN

Research background: Bankruptcy shouldn´t be considered only as negative phenomena although its impact is for companies in most cases more than devastating. This change of point of view is invoked by the needs of contemporary socio-economic evolution. If society wants to reach sustainable development, the bankruptcy should be perceived as an immanent part of normal cyclical economic development. Moreover, if the view of bankruptcy is changed in a positive way, it can be a stimulus for innovations, investment and global welfare. But it is not possible without an increase in the effectiveness of national and international bankruptcy law. Purpose of the article: The goal of this study is to analyse the position of a creditor in the case of a debtor´s bankruptcy on the basis of comparative law in the Slovak Republic de lege ferenda. It is because we assume that continuous attention should be given to the issue of the creditor’s position with regard to a debtor´s bankruptcy to achieve sustainable economic development. Methods: The potential consideration de lege ferenda should be based not only on performed legal analysis, but also on performed economic analysis. So, selected countries have been evaluated according to specific economic and legal indicators. We used the interdisciplinary approach based on selection analysis and legal comparative analysis applied to international comparison of the status of creditor and the effectiveness of bankruptcy law from his point of view. Findings & Value added: The applied approach has led us to the detection of the most important insolvency laws, specifically the insolvency laws of the United States and Austria. These legislations were further applied in the context of consideration de lege ferenda over the position of a creditor in the case of a debtor´s bankruptcy in the Slovak Republic.

10

European milestones in the protection of workers’ claims in the case of insolvency

75%

Karaleu Y. Y.

Nauki o Finansach

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2021

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vol. 26

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issue 1

22-36

PL

Niewypłacalność pracodawcy pociąga za sobą, oprócz potencjalnie druzgocących skutków ekonomicznych redukcji produkcji i zakłócenia stosunków gospodarczych, niekorzystne dla pracowników koszty społeczne – utratę pracy i zarobków. Nie tylko pracownik i jego rodzina ponoszą wielką stratę, ale całe społeczeństwo. Społeczeństwo stoi przed poważnym pytaniem: jak zapewnić wypłatę wynagrodzeń pracownikom w przypadku niewypłacalności i zapewnić solidne ramy, dzięki którym kraje będą mogły znaleźć trwałe rozwiązania, skutecznie zorganizować i zarządzać ochroną roszczeń pracowników. W artykule przeanalizowano osiągnięcia w rozwoju europejskich i krajowych systemów ochrony roszczeń pracowników w przypadku niewypłacalności oraz przedstawiono postępy krajów UE w równoważeniu interesów pracodawców, pracowników i społeczeństwa w zakresie ochrony pozostających do spłaty roszczeń pracowników w przypadku niewypłacalności pracodawcy.

EN

The employer's insolvency entails, in addition to the potentially devastating economic consequences of output reduction and the disruption of economic relations, adverse social costs for employees - the loss of jobs and earnings. It is not only the employee and his or her family who sufer a great loss, but the whole community. Thus, society faces the serious question of how to ensure the payment of wages to employees in the case of insolvency and provide a solid framework with which countries can find durable solutions, efectively organise and manage the protection of workers' claims. This paper analyses the achievement in developing European and national systems of protection of workers' claims in cases of insolvency, and shows the progress made by EU countries in arriving at a balance of interests between employers, employees and society in the protection of outstanding claims of employees in the event of their employer's insolvency.

11

Minimalizacja ryzyka niewypłacalności przedsiębiorstw – propozycja rozwiązania modelowego

75%

Franc-Dąbrowska J., Porada-Rochoń M.

Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia

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2017

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vol. 51

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issue 6

EN

The aim of the paper was to present the ideological model for minimizing the risk of insolvency of enterprises. In order to achieve the objective of the study, the literature on the subject and generalization was analyzed, taking into account the author’s several years of research on insolvency issues in the company. It was found that a holistic approach was necessary to assess the financial health of the companies. Without a comprehensive approach, that takes into account financial data and the so-called soft data related to human functioning as an individual or a team, it will be impossible to effectively prevent insolvency. The approach to the factors affecting the company from the environment or the unit will have a direct impact on whether or not it will be possible to secure the company’s financial security.

PL

Celem artykułu jest zaproponowanie ideowego modelu minimalizacji ryzyka niewypłacalności przedsiębiorstw. Dokonano analizy literatury przedmiotu i uogólnienia z uwzględnieniem kilkuletnich badań autorek na temat problematyki niewypłacalności. Stwierdzono, że niezbędne jest podejście holistyczne do oceny kondycji finansowej przedsiębiorstw. Bez podejścia całościowego – uwzględniającego dane finansowe i tzw. dane miękkie, związane z funkcjonowaniem człowieka jako jednostki czy zespołu – nie będzie możliwe skuteczne przeciwdziałanie niewypłacalności. Sposób podejścia do czynników oddziałujących na przedsiębiorstwo z otoczenia czy z jednostki ma bezpośredni wpływ na to, czy możliwe będzie zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa finansowego przedsiębiorstwa czy też nie.

12

FINANCIAL RATIOS FOR DETECTION OF COMPANY’S INSOLVENCY AND BANKRUPTCY FRAUD: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

75%

Liodorova J., Voronova I.

Sociālo Zinātņu Vēstnesis

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2020

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issue 1

7-29

EN

This research is aimed to identify the similarities and differences of financial ratios used in the international methods for detecting insolvency (bankruptcy) and bankruptcy fraud. This is the first step in the process of developing a Latvia model of bankruptcy fraud detection. The methods of research: literature review, analysis and synthesis, comparative and correlation analysis. The selection of the analysed financial ratios is based on data from 28 bankruptcy forecasting models tested in Latvia and Lithuania, developed on the basis of multiple discriminant and regression analysis. In addition, the ratios of 3 analogical models for detecting fraud are also analysed. 58 indicators for bankruptcy forecasting were included in the study, selecting 19 indicators, which are also used to reveal fraud in financial statements (FFS) and to detect bankruptcy fraud in experts’ and auditors’ practice. The forensic methods to detect bankruptcy fraud, the international guidelines to reveal FFS, legislative acts and scientific research in this area are reviewed with the purpose to identify and analyse the similarities and differences in detecting insolvency (bankruptcy) and bankruptcy fraud. This type of complex analysis has not been presented in the Baltic countries yet. The article presents the testing results of fraud’s revealing score models (M-score, F-score) using a sample of data obtained manually from financial statements of 114 small and medium companies in Latvia. It has been concluded that it is necessary to implement the system of financial ratios and assess the possibility to use fraud’s revealing models in accounting examination. The authors stated the impossibility of using the M-score and F-score models without calibration for Latvia companies. The logistic regression model for revealing fraud (Lithuania) one year before the fact of bankruptcy forecasts the possibility of the bankruptcy fraud with an accuracy of 61.5%. The results of the study can be used both to create a model for detecting bankruptcy fraud and to develop an accounting expertise procedure to reveal fraud.

13

Upadłość i niewypłacalność jako pojęcia ekonomiczne i prawne

75%

Kamieński G., Borys A.

Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny

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2022

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vol. 84

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issue 3

53-68

EN

The terms bankruptcy and insolvency are construed in different ways, which has resulted in the emergence of discrepancies in their definitions. There is a noticeable division among researchers in terms of the referents of the concepts of bankruptcy and insolvency. Varying definitions of bankruptcy and insolvency are employed, depending on whether the perspective of the legal sphere or the economic sphere is adopted. In the article, the authors attempt to define these concepts and define the relations that exist between them. The aim is to show that the legal understanding of the terms bankruptcy and insolvency is subordinate to their meaning in the economic sciences. Due to the subject under analysis and the nature of the sources, this article employs the qualitative method, based on interpretative research. The interpretative research was conducted with the use of ethnographic research strategies based on legal acts and the achievements of the doctrine and judicature. The conducted research has shown that as a result of the development of bankruptcy law, the legal understanding of the concept of bankruptcy and insolvency has been subordinated to the meaning given to this concept in the economic sciences. This allows for the use of economic tools and dynamic interpretation, so that the decisions of bankruptcy courts are in line with the dynamically changing socio-economic reality.

PL

Pojęcia upadłości i niewypłacalności są różnie pojmowane, co spowodowało pojawienie się rozbieżności definicyjnych. Zauważalny wśród badaczy jest wyraźny podział przyjmowania desygnatów pojęcia upadłości i niewypłacalności ze względu na obszar badań, pojęcia te utożsamia się bowiem albo ze sferą prawną, albo ze sferą ekonomiczną, co oznacza, że w zależności od przyjęcia jednej z tych perspektyw różnie będziemy definiować upadłość i niewypłacalność. W artykule autorzy podjęli próbę zdefiniowania tych pojęć oraz określenia relacji, jakie między nimi zachodzą. Celem artykułu jest pokazanie, że prawnicze rozumienie pojęć upadłości i niewypłacalności jest wtórne wobec ich znaczenia w naukach ekonomicznych. Ze względu na przedmiot badańoraz charakter źródeł w niniejszym artykule wykorzystana została metoda jakościowa, oparta na badaniach interpretacyjnych. Badania interpretacyjne prowadzone były z wykorzystaniem strategii badań etnograficznych na podstawie aktów prawnych oraz dorobku doktryny i judykatury. Przeprowadzona badania pokazały, że wyniku rozwoju prawa upadłościowego doszło do podporządkowania prawnego rozumienia pojęć upadłości i niewypłacalności znaczeniu nadanym tym pojęciom w naukach ekonomicznych. Pozwala to na stosowanie narzędzi ekonomicznych oraz wykładni dynamicznej, tak aby rozstrzygnięcia sądów upadłościowych były jak najbardziej zgodne z dynamicznie zmieniającą się rzeczywistością społeczno-gospodarczą.

14

Ilościowy i jakościowy wymiar upadłości w Polsce

75%

Hybel M., Strojny K., Grabiński T., Luty Z.

Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Ekonomii i Informatyki w Krakowie

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2023

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issue 19

189-209

EN

Economic activity has always been burdened with risk. Recent years have made it more and more difficult to run it. The enormity of problems that have arisen with the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, the energy crisis, inflation, the war in Ukraine, constant changes in the law, not always favorable for entrepreneurs, makes this problem still relevant. The aim of the article is to illustrate bankruptcy in Poland in the years 2016-2022. In addition, the article presents the concept of bankruptcy, taking into account its legal and economic aspects. It indicates its causes and presents the trends of this phenomenon in Poland in the analyzed years.

PL

Działalność gospodarcza od zawsze obarczona jest ryzykiem. Ostatnie lata sprawiają, że jej prowadzenie jest coraz trudniejsze. Ogrom problemów jakie pojawiły się wraz z wybuchem pandemii Covid-19, kryzysem energetycznym, inflacją, wojną w Ukrainie, ciągłymi zmianami przepisów prawa, nie zawsze korzystnymi dla przedsiębiorców sprawia, że problem ten jest ciągle aktualny. Celem artykułu jest zobrazowanie upadłości w Polsce w latach 2016-2022. Dodatkowo artykuł prezentuje pojęcie upadłości uwzględniając jego aspekt prawny i ekonomiczny. Wskazuje jej przyczyny oraz prezentuje trendy tego zjawiska w Polsce w analizowanych latach.

15

Can a Sovereign State Declare Bankruptcy?

75%

Grigienė J., Mockienė A.

Baltic Journal of Law & Politics

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2010

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vol. 3

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issue 1

125-140

EN

This article examines the issue of state bankruptcy. Since there is no uniform way to deal with the issue, attention is given to different practices and guidelines of courts' reasoning(s) on the matter. In order to answer the question of legality, as well as to confirm or disconfirm the hypothesis that sovereign state can declare bankruptcy, descriptive, analytical and comparative methods are used. The article provides a historical overview of state bankruptcies. The article also explores the existing judicial regulations, addresses the absence of international law containing a uniform or a codified bankruptcy law for states, and outlines the main principles applicable to the dispute resolution between an insolvent sovereign state and its creditors. In addition, the article analyzes the circumstances which allow states to suspend or repudiate the fulfilment of international obligations.

16

Znaczenie moralności płatniczej dłużnika jako przesłanki upadłości konsumenckiej

75%

Mizerski D.

Zeszyt Studencki Kół Naukowych Wydziału Prawa i Administracji UAM

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2019

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issue 9

s. 213-228

PL

Artykuł prezentuje najważniejsze zagadnienia związane z upadłością konsumencką nie tylko w świetle polskich przepisów, ale także regulacje upadłości konsumenckiej w wybranych porządkach prawnych państw europejskich. Opracowanie podkreśla w szczególności znaczenie moralności płatniczej dłużnika jako jednej z przesłanek tej instytucji. Wskazuje, że głównym celem badania niniejszej przesłanki jest uniemożliwienie oddłużenia dłużników, którzy działają na szkodę swoich wierzycieli. W opracowaniu poruszono również kwestię związaną ze zmianą znaczenia pojęcia moralności płatniczej dłużnika na przestrzeni kolejnych ustaw obowiązujących w Polsce, które regulowały procedurę upadłości konsumenckiej oraz zaprezentowano konsekwencje związane ze stosowaniem konkretnego znaczenia moralności płatniczej dłużnika. Zwrócono uwagę na konieczność stworzenia takiej konstrukcji upadłości konsumenckiej, która zabezpieczy interesy prawne zarówno dłużników, jak i wierzycieli.

EN

The article focuses on the problem of consumer insolvency, not only in Poland, but also in a wider European context. The paper underlines the importance in payment morality of a debtor as one of the premises of using the aforementioned institution. The main purpose of this premise is to eliminate debtors who are acting to the detriment of their creditors. The paper also points out to the issue related to the change in the meaning of the debtor's payment morality in the successive laws in force in Poland, which regulated the consumer bankruptcy procedure, and it presents the consequences of using the specific significance of debtor's payment morality. The necessity arises to create an institution of consumer bankruptcy which will secure legal interests of both debtors and creditors.

17

Insolvency Forum Shopping – What Can Be Learned from the ECJ and US Supreme Court Case Law on International Company Law and Insolvency Procedures?

75%

MyszkeNowakowska M.

Polish Yearbook of International Law

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2017

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vol. 37

203-222

EN

The recast of the European Insolvency Regulation, which has been applicable from 26 June 2017, implements a philosophy of Euro universalism, according to which insolvency proceedings opened in a Member State where the debtor has its centre of main interests (COMI) should have a universal scope and encompass all the debtor’s assets situated throughout the EU. The wording of the Recast Regulation is intended to comply with the ECJ case law concerning COMI, such as Interedil, Eurofood, Bank Handlowy or Mediasucre judgments. Nevertheless, it is now questioned whether the Recast Regulation strengthens or rather weakens the COMI/registered office rebuttable presumption and opens the gate for insolvency forum shopping. As far as international company law is concerned, the issue of transfer of seat as well as forum shopping has been widely discussed. So far the ECJ has issued a series of judgments in which it has explained the European freedom of establishment and the crossborder activities of companies in the internal market. Similarly, the US Supreme Court has issued several significant decisions, such as CTP Corp. v. Dynamics Corp. of America, Edgar v. MITE Corp., and International Shoe Co. v. State of Washington, in which the limits of acceptable forum shopping are better delineated. Based on the aforementioned, it may be concluded that European harmonization measures facilitating crossborder mobility should additionally assist in achieving predictability and efficiency, as well as the economic viability and security of the operations under consideration. This contribution analyses and expounds on the lessons that can be learned from both the ECJ case law as well as US Supreme Court’s decisions on international company law, including an examination of their effect on insolvency forum shopping. There is no doubt that, if successful, harmonized legislation on these matters would be a great asset for the internal market.

18

Trestný čin poškodzovania veriteľa : komparatívny pohľad

75%

Beleš A.

Právník. Teoretický časopis pro otázky státu a práva (The Lawyer - Scientific Review for Problems of State and Law)

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2019

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vol. 158

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issue 7

656-673

EN

In the present article, the author conducted a comparative overview of the legal treatment of the criminal offence of damage of the creditor in Slovakia, the Czech Republic and Austria. Particular attention is paid to alternative actions in the objective aspects of criminal offenses, the possibility of punishing of creditor for negligence, as well as the question of the termination of the criminality of the act. For Slovak and Czech legislators, the author formulates his considerations de lege ferenda.

SK

V predkladanom článku autor podáva rozsiahly komparatívny prehľad právnej úpravy trestných činov poškodzovania veriteľa na Slovensku, v Českej republike a v Rakúsku. Osobitnú pozornosť venuje alternatívam konania v objektívnych stránkach trestných činov, možnosti postihu poškodzovania veriteľa z nedbanlivosti, ako aj otázkam zániku trestnosti činu. Pre slovenského i českého zákonodarcu formuluje svoje úvahy de lege ferenda.

19

Sprawozdawczość finansowa jako źródło wiedzy o zagrożeniu niewypłacalnością przedsiębiorstwa w kontekście ustawy Prawo restrukturyzacyjne

75%

Bajon S.

Przedsiębiorstwo we współczesnej gospodarce - teoria i praktyka

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2018

|

vol. 4

|

issue 27

7-17

EN

The Restructuring Law was implemented in 2016. Thus, the rules on the market that affected companies in danger of bankruptcy have been changed. The Bankruptcy and Reorganization Act has been amended, and the procedures regarding the reorganization proceedings contained therein have been altered into a particular new legislation. Thus, the legislator allowed enterprises on the verge of bankruptcy to take steps to prolong the functioning of the companies in pursuance to protect the interests of creditors and the entity in danger of bankruptcy. The following article touches upon the issue of financial reporting as a source of knowledge about the insolvency of an enterprise. The article is a theoretical development in which the methods of assessing the financial condition of enterprises are described.

PL

W 2016 roku do obrotu prawnego i gospodarczego weszła ustawa Prawo restrukturyzacyjne (Dz.U. z 2017r., poz. 1508, dalej PR). Na mocy nowego prawa zmieniły się reguły dotyczące przedsiębiorstw zagrożonych upadłością. Dotychczasowa ustawa Prawo upadłościowe i naprawcze została znowelizowana, a zawarte tam procedury dotyczące postępowania naprawczego doczekały się własnej, nowej ustawy. Tym samym ustawodawca pozwolił przedsiębiorstwom będącym na skraju bankructwa podejmować działania umożliwiające przedłużenie funkcjonowania w procesie, który w szerszym stopniu ma chronić interesy wierzycieli, jak i samego podmiotu zagrożonego upadłością. Niniejszy artykuł dotyczy tematu sprawozdawczości finansowej jako źródła wiedzy o zagrożeniu niewypłacalnością przedsiębiorstwa. Artykuł ma charakter opracowania teoretycznego, opisano w nim wybrane metody oceny kondycji finansowej przedsiębiorstw.

20

Ensuring the Right to Peaceful Enjoyment of Possessions in the Bankruptcy Procedures of an Individual in Ukraine

75%

Dzhepa Y., Sopianenko O.

Journal of Modern Science

|

2019

|

issue 3(42)

195-200

EN

The article is devoted to the review of bankruptcy procedures of an individual in Ukraine. In particular, attention is focused on guaranteeing the right to peaceful enjoyment of the individual’s possessions

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Investigation of Criminal Bankruptcy: Practical Problems and Ways to Resolve Them

Prawo syndyka odstąpienia od umowy wzajemnej

The effectiveness of discriminant models based on the example of the manufacturing sector

Insurance for handling employee entitlements in the event of employer insolvency (bankruptcy)

Retention of Title by the Seller in Cases of the Buyer's Insolvency

Failure and insolvency. A proposal for Polish prediction models

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The Capacity to Forecast Enterprise Insolvency on the Polish Market Using the Precursory Altman Z-Score Model (1968)

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Can a Sovereign State Declare Bankruptcy?

Znaczenie moralności płatniczej dłużnika jako przesłanki upadłości konsumenckiej

Insolvency Forum Shopping – What Can Be Learned from the ECJ and US Supreme Court Case Law on International Company Law and Insolvency Procedures?

Trestný čin poškodzovania veriteľa : komparatívny pohľad

Sprawozdawczość finansowa jako źródło wiedzy o zagrożeniu niewypłacalnością przedsiębiorstwa w kontekście ustawy Prawo restrukturyzacyjne

Ensuring the Right to Peaceful Enjoyment of Possessions in the Bankruptcy Procedures of an Individual in Ukraine