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The paper presents kinds of risk an insurer is exposed to. Current Polish regulation concerning capital adequacy norms are presented, together with the measures used in insurer’s solvency analysis. Furthermore four basic approaches to regulatory solvency evaluation are characterized. The paper also generally presents the construction of a new approach – Solvency II – which will be in force in EU since 2012.
EN
The aim of the article is an attempt to present tendencies and prospects of bank-insurance relationship development in Poland in the period of globalization and social insurance reforms. The evolution and financial system structure as well as the spheres of operation of the banking and insurance sectors, supported by examples are presented on the background of the current situation in Poland and European trends. The influence of social reforms as a factor determining creating banks-insurance companies structure (OFE market) is taken into consideration in the analysis.
EN
One of the key lessons learnt from the global financial crisis is the necessity to introduce resolution regulations for financial institutions, including insurance undertakings. Even though it has been a decade since the publication of international recommendations on resolution, only three Member States in the European Union have implemented comprehensive resolution frameworks for insurers. The aim of this article is to analyze and compare national legal resolution frameworks adopted in Romania, France and the Netherlands, taking into account the recommendations of the Financial Stability Board. The analysis covers key building blocks of the resolution regulations, i.e. institutional arrangements, planning, objectives and conditions for resolution, resolution tools and financing. The conducted research shows that in many aspects the analyzed national regulations are similar. Nevertheless, the greatest divergencies have been observed in relation to resolution tools and resolution funding, which suggests the need for a Union harmonized approach towards resolution of insurers.
PL
Jednym z kluczowych wniosków wyciągniętych z globalnego kryzysu finansowego jest potrzeba wdrożenia regulacji w zakresie restrukturyzacji i uporządkowanej likwidacji instytucji finansowych, w tym także zakładów ubezpieczeń. Mimo że od publikacji międzynarodowych rekomendacji w tym zakresie minęła już dekada, tylko trzy kraje w Unii Europejskiej wdrożyły kompleksowe regulacje dotyczące resolution zakładów ubezpieczeń. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza i porównanie krajowych rozwiązań w tym zakresie przyjętych w Rumunii, Francji oraz Holandii, z uwzględnieniem wytycznych Rady Stabilności Finansowej. Analiza obejmuje kluczowe elementy składające się na ramy regulacyjne resolution, tj. kwestie instytucjonalne, planowanie, cele i warunki wszczęcia resolution, zestaw narzędzi resolution i finansowanie. Przeprowadzone badanie wskazuje, że w wielu aspektach analizowane regulacje krajowe są podobne. Niemniej jednak największe rozbieżności zaobserwowano w odniesieniu do narzędzi i finansowania resolution, co sugeruje potrzebę wypracowania zharmonizowanego unijnego podejścia do resolution ubezpieczycieli.
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