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EN
This paper is devoted to the notion of culture which on account of its omnipresence and multitude of meanings requires a detailed analysis within the context of foreign language teaching. The problems of culture are presented, along with the aims of language, intercultural communication and education in the perspective of Spanish teaching.
EN
The author of the article discusses pragmatic functions of honorifics ‘excuse me’, ‘please’, ‘you are welcome’, ‘thank you’ in Polish and compare them with Russian language etiquette. Her aim is to reveal the potential sources of failures in gaining sociocultural competences by the Russians studying Polish and to define potential linguistic and cultural misunderstandings.
EN
Neither for today’s Russia, nor for the whole of the contemporary world is there, perhaps, a more important issue than the possibility of a civilized, peaceful dialogue between cultures, peoples, governments and individuals. The International Society for Universal Dialogue is one among other philosophical schools, societies and organiza- tions which promote the idea of universal dialogue. It tries to solve problems associated with language and ideological barriers, strengthening professional and friendly ties and implementation, through joint efforts, of a peaceful and fair world order.
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EN
Kincheloe & Pinar (1991) propose that there is a “significance of place” which must be used as a framework for curriculum theorizing. Where one is from shapes who one is as an individual and as a member of cultural and social groups, and influences how one views and interacts with people who are different from oneself, the “other.” Using this theory as a framework, this article suggests that for peaceful coexistence of cultures to be a reality, multicultural education should approach multiculturalism in a way that makes coexistence possible because of the acceptance of difference without the imposition of one idea or set of ideas. Therefore, there cannot be a “one-size-fits-all” model of multicultural education. Since even researchers and theorists are not in agreement on what multiculturalism and multicultural education are, it is evident that the context in which multicultural education is taught must be considered for the concepts to be relevant and therefore, comprehensible, to the learners. This article compares and contrasts the contexts of the United States and Poland, focusing on the significance of multicultural education in both places and how it is approached in each place.
PL
Joe L. Kincheloe oraz William Pinar są zdania, że u podstaw wszelkich rozważań na temat tworzenia programów nauczania powinna leżeć kwestia „znaczenia miejsca”. Pochodzenie danej osoby nie tylko determinuje to, kim jest jako jednostka i członek różnych grup słpołecznych i kulturowych, lecz również wpływa na to, jak postrzegamy osoby odmienne od nas i jak komunikujemy się z nimi w ramach społeczeństwa. Przyjmując tę teorię jako punkt wyjścia, w niniejszym artykule pokazuję, że pokojowe współistnienie odmiennych kultur jest możliwe tylko wówczas, gdy w danym kraju praktykowana jest edukacja wielokulturowa, która w swej wizji wielokulturowości hołduje zasadzie akceptacji różnic i odrzuca możliwość odgórnego narzucania danej idei lub zestawów idei. Nie można zatem mówić o uniwersalnym modelu edukacji wielokulturowej. Skoro nawet teoretycy i badacze nie zgadzają się w kwestii tego, czym jest wielokulturowość i edukacja wielokulturowa, oczywistym jest, że zawsze konieczne jest rozważenie kontekstu, w którym taka edukacja jest prowadzona (kontekst ten bardzo dobrze muszą też znać sami nauczyciele). Niniejszy artykuł stanowi porównanie kontekstu amerykańskiego i polskiego. Nacisk położony został na znaczenie edukacji wielokulturowej i sposoby jej postrzegania w obydwu krajach.
EN
The paper presents select distinctive results of Polish fascination with the poetry of Rabindranath Tagore, placing this phenomenon in the sphere of universalization within the syntagma of Polish national culture. The translations of Tagore’s poetry are presented as the first stage of the process of intercultural communication, based on the understanding of these literary works in the allegorical and symbolic styles of reception. Subsequently, the literary translations are perceived in the style of aesthetization. This style of reception of a work of art induces the occurrence of transcriptions of literary works – from the sign system of language into the sign system of music. Musical compositions found in contemporary Polish music are examples of concretizations of literary works.
EN
The article examines a global approach to culture – understood in a broad meaning. The author analyses the basis of an educational college program, developed by the U.S. Center for Strategic and International Studies. The program’s curriculum consists of elements dedicated to global education in aspects such as demography, technology, economic integration, management, and security. The aim of this project is to promote intercultural dialogue, based on 1) knowledge and learning, 2) understanding, 3) utilizing the potential offered by Internet and intercultural communication.
EN
The article deals with cultural and educational life of the Poles in Kyiv governorate in the early twentieth century: activities of Polish schools, press, theater, public organizations in the context of national traditions preservation. The documents of fund "Kyiv civilian governor's chancellery" (f.2) of State Archive of the Kyiv region, introduced for the first time into scientific circulation, are basis of this study. The article focuses on examining Kyiv periodical press, including the newspapers "Dziennik Kijowski", "Glos Kijowski", Goniec Kijowski", "Kievskaja mysl' ". The study of Poles contribution to Kyiv governorate's cultural and educational development promotes understanding of Polish national liberation movement in the Russian Empire, importance of the "Polish problem" in Russia's state policy, national communities' interactions, intercultural communication, lastly - clarification of Poles influence on national and political processes, modernization of public institutions, building civil society. Analysis of ethnonational factor in political process and interstate relations is particularly relevant within the context of a comprehensive study on social and political development of the Russian Empire in the early twentieth century and international controversies on the eve of World War I.
EN
While language and culture are generally recognised to be intimately linked, English for Specific Purposes has typically been seen as “acultural”. This paper argues that cultural information is a necessary component of any ESP course and that a contrastive-comparative approach can help the learner in appropriating other cultures.
EN
This paper aims at making a presentation of the main regional ideologies of the Transylvanian cultural and spiritual life in the interwar period. The Hungarians’ Transylvanianism and the Romanians’ creative localism or ardelenism alike offered a wide range of key concepts and ideas that shaped/and were shaped by the cultural context of the time. Both regionalisms - Romanian and Hungarian - shared many of these concepts and ideas, although they never really sustained an open and efficient communication due to a series of causes. The shifts that occurred in the self-defining strategies, the communication breakdowns that characterized the relationships between the two cultural milieus and intellectual circles, the identity discourses that can be spotted in the media of that time, and the movement known as Transylvanianism are all approached with the purpose of identifying the causes that hindered real and efficient communication between Romanians and Hungarians.
EN
Improving student understanding of a foreign language culture is anything but a peripheral issue in the teaching of a foreign language. This pilot study reports on a second year required English course in a university in Japan that took a Literature Circles approach, where students were asked to read short stories out of class and then discuss these stories in class. Although students reported that they did not gain any special insights into the target language culture presented, they did report that reading fiction as source material for classroom activity helps with the acquisition of a vocabulary set that is more closely associated with lifestyle and culture. The results suggest that further study is warranted. Procedures of this pilot study are described and interpreted in the context of the English education system in Japan.
EN
The major goal of the present study is to highlight to tight connection and interdependency between language and culture from both theoretical and applied perspectives, with special focus on the reciprocal influence and impact on teaching Chinese language and literature to foreign students, particularly in the European context. Famous scholars have wisely noted the sine-quanon relation of society, culture, history, geography and language evinced in the process of communication, at large, and most notably in translation, literary studies and language learning, which are complex processes requiring a thorough and conscious immersion in the context of the language. The paper also includes a case study on teaching Chinese language and culture to foreign students.
EN
This position paper presents the factors involved in the successful software development and what is the impact of some methodologies like Agile in this process. Global software development projects may be a total success or an anticipated disaster for simple reasons that usually have nothing to do with the technology involved, with the time differences, or the product being built, but because of subtle intercultural factors. How do the language, the race, the gender, the religion, and the location affects the software development process from analysis and design to implementation, testing and maintenance? Do all these factors impact in the same way if we are working with a local team, and offshore development team or even a global virtual team? Is any specific software development methodology better suited for your particular case? How could you decide what’s the better approach? What will be the results and what our goals? The issues at stake are not superficial matters of the ways how people dress, or how clear do they speak in our local language, or what they like to eat, or their small daily behaviors, but are based in the fundamental differences in the systems of values that govern our lives. So institutions, corporations and global companies have to raise the level of awareness of their employees worldwide on the cultural differences, through various programs for intercultural or diversity training. But this poor model of cultural awareness is not enough to overcome some of the obstacles that intercultural differences bring to the table. So this paper will list and describe this important intercultural factors that directly impact in the software development process and how certain software development methodologies could be used in order to have a more systematic look or set of guidelines that would allow the team managers to evaluate and to decide how theuse of each one of these software development methodologies for local teams, non local teams and virtual teams will affect positively or negatively the outcomes of software development practices.
DE
Der Gegenstand der interkulturellen Kommunikation, die in verschiedenen institutionalisierten Kommunikationssituationen aktuell einen Normalfall darstellt, bezieht sich nicht nur auf die rein sprachlichen Aspekte. In der multimodal aufgefassten Mündlichkeit sind auch weitere, sprecherische und nonverbale, Kommunikationsanteile von Interesse. Der vorliegende Beitrag, in dessen Fokus der fremde Akzent steht, hat im Allgemeinen zum Ziel, auf Grund ausgewählter Ergebnisse einer audiovisuellen Analyse den Einfluss dieses Phänomens in der interkulturellen Lehr-Lern-Kommunikation (in dem institutionalisierten studentischen Seminarreferat) näher zu beleuchten erläutern. In den Mittelpunkt der Diskussion rücken dementsprechend angenommene Korrelationen zwischen dem fremden Akzent und der allgemeinen Wirkung der Sprecherperson auf den Hörer.
EN
Intercultural communication, which currently constitutes the norm in many institutionalized communicative situations, does not refer purely to speech. According to a multimodal understanding of orality, other speech-related and nonverbal aspects of communication are also of interest. This contribution focuses on the significance of accent in foreign language learning, exploring the influence of this phenomenon on teaching, learning and communication — specifically in the context of the student oral seminar presentation. Discussing selected results of an analysis of audio-visual materials, it centres on the assumed correlations between accent in a foreign language and the general impression made by the speaking person upon the recipient.
EN
Purpose: The purpose of the article is to present the issue of securities as a form of investment, using the strategy of securities portfolio choice. Methods: In order to make a comprehensive analysis of the strategy of choices modeling of equity portfolio in the context of the integration of financial markets and European integration, the following research instruments were introduced: 1) analysis of the system of securities, 2) institutional approach, 3) systemic approach. In this paper legal-dogmatic method was applied primarily which helped to conduct the analysis of legal standards currently in force and security institutions. Results: The full picture of the investment decision is obtained using valuation models based on sequential valuation or sensitivity analysis. These methods, adapted to analyze portfolios of debt instruments, take into account factors relating to both changes in yield curves, as well as due to the passage of time to maturity (Szafarczyk, 2006). However, they are much more complex. The presented article is only an introduction to the topic.
PL
The authors of the article evaluate social-communicative problems of the minority group of Roma Gypsies in Poland. The existing low linguistic competence is additionally constrained by the accompanying insufficient communicative competence. The authors emphasize that teaching of a foreign language, in this particular case of the dominant language in the country, is effective only when it is simultaneously enhanced by a corresponding interaction between the two cultures in question. The authors indicate the barriers to cultural integration that hamper the community’s capacity and capability of establishing the relationships between these communities that would be based on partnership and mutual respect: these barriers include the orality and the tabooisation of Romany culture as well as its unfamiliarity to the Poles. This, in turn, generates patterns for statements and utterances in which ceremonial patterns are of secondary importance. It is rather the pragmatic factor that governs a particular linguistic behaviour: the Romany people simply want to understand the message and want to be understood. The article stresses that the present unfortunate social communication can be changed in the future by the implementation of appropriate activities within educational strategies directed towards the target group.
EN
Intercultural research in the area of communication was initiated in the early 20th century. Over the last few decades, researchers have built a solid theoretical basis in this field. Nowadays, intercultural analyses include a rich collection of texts on cross-cultural differences, the specificity of the phenomenon in the area of verbal and non-verbal communication and also the role of the media. There is no doubt that in an era of dynamic transformations of media use by people all over the world, the sub-discipline of intercultural communication is facing another challenge – that of including social media and network communication processes into new empirical theories and research. The article answers the question of the status of communication research in the field of the intercultural contexts of the new media. Additionally, the directions of future development of these studies and conclusions are discussed.
EN
The aim of this article is to discuss the problem of intercultural competence and communication. The author wants to draw attention to the phenomenon of the concept of culture and its role in the process of developing intercultural communication and intercultural competence.
EN
A lack of understanding of the basic categories related to the separation of extensional and intentional contexts can lead to errors and mistakes both in the case of native and non-native speakers. For that reason the interpreter should be exceptionally cautious while translating various texts deeply rooted in a different culture. Any language may turn into an image of misguided feelings due to an erratic perception of the world, undisclosed to the unaware user who is hampered by habits and routine. Explaining the difference between the simple and continuous tenses by using the sentence ‘He died’ and asking the questions: ‘What did he do?’ and ‘What was he doing?’ is obviously wrong because dying is a process beyond the control of the human will. The sentence ‘The scientists discovered a new gene’ is another example of an erratic use of language because the gene had already existed before the discovery was made. The article analyses two translations from Polish to Russian of the very same original text with the intention to determine their extensional and intentional accordance.
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