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EN
This article concentrates on one of two vital aspects of the category of internal sovereignty, namely on the lawgiver. The issue is portrayed with reference to the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, in which the bearer of an internal sovereignty has been exposed. Contemporary, this subject should be considered in the context of the competence to regulate entire relations in the state. Moreover particularly significant is the fact that internal sovereignty is precised by the principles of human dignity and common good.
Horyzonty Polityki
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2016
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vol. 7
|
issue 18
33-51
EN
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of the paper is an analysis of the notion of sovereignty from a classical perspective and its modern interpretation. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The research problemcentres around the analysis of the classical approach to sovereignty, which implies its supreme authority, that is the ability to regulate every aspect and task within the state’s territory on the basis of its exclusive competences. The articlepresents the ideas of such authors as: J. Bodin, T. Hobbes, J. Locke and J. J., which are followed by their contemporary reinterpretation. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The article begins with a historical overview of the development of the notion of sovereignty of a state, which is followed by their contemporary interpretation in the context of the new challenges it faces and processes leading to the reduction of its executive authority. RESEARCH RESULTS: The interpretation of the notion of sovereignty has undergone historical evolution and moved from identifying it with absolute self-governance and supreme authority to contemporary variants of the notion making reference to the state’s function in today’s international community. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS:Fears regarding the ability of the state to continue its existence as the institution maintaining the highest power over a given territory seem unfounded, as, by creating various international structures aimed at tightening inter-state cooperation, states successfully protect their sovereignty. The contemporary challenges they have to face lead to the need to reinterpret the notion of sovereignty so as to embrace new relations between such entities as the individual, society, and nation or state.
PL
CEL PRACY Celem pracy jest analiza idei suwerenności państwa w ujęciu klasycznym i jego współczesna reinterpretacja. PROBLEM BADAWCZY I METODOLOGIA Problemem badawczym jest analiza klasycznego podejścia do suwerenności, oznaczającego jego całowładność czyli zdolność doregulowania wszystkich spraw i zadań w obrębie terytorium państwowego na zasadzie całkowitej wyłączności kompetencji. Artykuł przedstawia teorie takich autorów jak: J. Bodin, T. Hobbes, J. Locke czy J. J Rousseau oraz ich reinterpretację w kontekście współczesności. PROCES ARGUMENTACJI Artykuł rozpoczyna rys historyczny dotyczący rozwoju idei suwerenności państwa, które następnie poddane są współczesnej interpretacji w kontekście nowych  wyzwań, jakim musi ono sprostać oraz procesów powodujących redukcję jego kompetencji władczych. WYNIKI Interpretacja idei suwerenności państwa podlegała historycznej ewolucji i przeszła od początkowego utożsamiania jej z całowładności i samowładnością państwa do współczesnych wariantów pojęcia odwołujących się do funkcji państwa w dzisiejszej społeczności międzynarodowej WNIOSKI I ZALECENIA Obawy co do możliwości przetrwania państwa jako instytucji sprawującej najwyższą władzę na danym terytorium nie znajdują uzasadnienia, bowiem tworząc rozmaite struktury międzynarodowe służące zacieśnieniu współpracy, państwa skutecznie chronią swą suwerenność. Współczesne wyzwania, z jakimi muszą się one zmierzyć powodują konieczność dokonania reinterpretacji pojęcia suwerenności uwzględniającej nowe relacje pomiędzy takimi podmiotami jak jednostka, społeczeństwo, naród, państwo.
EN
The truth about freedom and liberation is constantly threatened by a false notion of freedom and an erroneous assumption that freedom is to be found only where there is no external compulsion. According to Father Blachnicki, real freedom is born out of an internal overcoming of a hatred that makes one use violence and abuse as means to an end. Using the Gospel as the starting point he would promote the fight for liberation without violence, using the power of faith, that allows one to give testimony to the truth in every situation. He was of the opinion that actions aimed at the liberation of man should be seen as continuations of the salvific mission of Christ. In the face of alarming liberal attitudes that reject God’s rules in the name of incorrectly understood democracy it is worthwhile to bring to mind Father Blachnicki’s thesis that it is freedom that leads to liberation, not the other way round. For freedom is not a simple effect of liberation, and external liberation in itself does not guarantee the experiencing of internal freedom. Thus at the bottom of this pro-liberation pursuit there is an internal liberation which is liberation of man within man carried out in the process of formation of new man. Ultimately freedom is not an ability to do anything, but it is freedom towards Good which is the source of happiness. Man becomes free up to the point of his recognition of the truth and his will is driven by freedom. Theology of liberation presented by father Blachnicki is the application of theology of redemption to solving specific manifestations of enslavement among people of the contemporary era.
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