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Corporations as an Object of Research in Geography of Industry

100%
Kilar W.
Prace Komisji Geografii Przemysłu Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
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2018
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vol. Volume 32, Issue 4
69-85
EN
Today, corporations play an important role in the global, national and local economy. Regardless of the business profile, degree of internationalisation or size, they participate in numerous economic processes, which is why they are the subject of research in geography of industry, especially in geography of enterprises. The main goal of the article is to review research related to corporations in Polish literature on the subject in the field of geography of industry. The author also aims at organising the concept of corporations, presenting closer their classifications, as well as indicating the place of research on corporations in geography. The preparation of the article began with a literature query, as well as an analysis of the existing data (desk research). As a result, the analysis of the concept of a corporation, various types of classifications and divisions of corporations, as well as a literature review of the subject in terms of the corporation’s research issues were made. As the research carried out indicates, in Polish literature on the issues of geography of industry, the researchers who concentrate on corporations look at the concentration of their head offices, theory and location factors, shaping processes and location of production, service and various branches, network connections, strategies implemented by corporations and their organisational forms, processes of corporation influence on international conditions for the development of domestic and regional systems and industrial enterprises, stimulation of inflow of foreign direct investment, the influence of corporations on the shaping of various industrial sectors, export relations, the role of cities in globalisation processes and the location of the corporation and their effects, as well as on corporate CSR activities.
2
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Business models of foreign subsidiary units of international companies – theoretical considerations

100%
Benabdallah M., Ćwik K., Kachour M., Krzos G., Leszczynska D., Olek K., Piwoni-Krzeszowska E.
Nauki o Zarządzaniu
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2016
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issue 4(29)
9-27
EN
On the basis of the study of literature the article discusses the types of roles played by foreign units of international companies and synthetically presents the problem of business models focusing on the perspective of the internationalization of business operations. That provided the basis for the identification of the main areas requiring scientific research into the business models of foreign units of international companies. The gaps are presented in the form of the following research questions: what are the elements of the business models of foreign units of international companies; do the same elements constitute the business models of international companies and their foreign units; what types of business models of foreign entities exist; what internal factors determine the choice of business models of foreign units of international companies; is there a correlation between the country of origin of an international company and types of business models of its foreign units? Defining these questions helped designate the trajectory of research which is necessary to enrich the scientific research into the problems of business models of foreign units of international companies.
3
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Cultural preferences of companies operating internationally

63%
Chmielewska-Muciek D.
Organizacja i Zarządzanie : kwartalnik naukowy
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2017
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vol. nr 3
33--41
EN
The main objective of the paper is to present research results pertaining to cultural preferences of companies operating internationally. In addition, the study enables a diagnosis of the existing organisational culture and culture gap. The study encompassed 30 Polish companies and 250 respondents. The research results indicate that the preferred organisational culture ought to be characterised by a low communicative context, focus on surrounding environment, people focus, status based on achievements, individualism, small distance to authority, low tolerance of insecurity, and activity. The analysis of results pertaining to the culture gap indicated a shift from task focus to people focus, and a positive reinforcement in the manifestation a some values. The majority of preferred cultural values form a cultural environment favourable to internationalisation.
4
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Regulacje wewnętrzne międzynarodowych przedsiębiorstw działających w Polsce a tradycyjny model rodziny

63%
Chojara-Sobiecka M., Kroczek P.
Studia Warmińskie
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2017
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issue 54
233-247
PL
Większość dużych przedsiębiorstw posiada własne wewnętrzne regulacje dotyczące zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi. Te akty normatywne są zwykle stanowione w środowisku określonego prawnego systemu. Gdy przedsiębiorstwo dokonuje ekspansji za granicę, zaczyna wówczas działać w innym środowisku prawnym, co powoduje, że akty te nie są zwykle zgodne ani z prawem ani z kulturą prawną państwa nowego rynku. Artykuł dotyczy zgodności wewnętrznych regulacji niektórych międzynarodowych przedsiębiorstw działających w Polsce z tradycyjnym modelem rodziny zawartych w polskim prawie. Autorzy zatem przeanalizowali: wspieranie rodzicielstwa, przedsiębiorstwa rodzinne, preferowanie osób niehete-roseksualnych. Wnioski wskazują na to, że niektóre wewnętrzne przepisy nie są spójne z polskim prawem. Z kolei niektóre regulacje dotyczące np. daycare, elastycznych godzin pracy mogą zostać recypowane do polskiego systemu prawnego. Byłoby to z korzyścią dla tradycyjnego modelu rodziny. W artykule znajduje się także ekskurs, który dotyczy zjawisk polegających na recypowaniu przepisów ustanowionych przez prywatne firmy przez prawo państwowe oraz postulat, aby polski prawodawca był otwarty na sprawdzone rozwiązania prawne.
EN
Most of the big companies have the internal regulations about human resources management. The bylaws in question are usually created in the reality of a particular legal system. When a company expands abroad, it starts operating in a different legal system than its own. As a result, the bylaws are not always compatible neither with laws nor the legal culture of the state of a new market. The paper touches upon the problem of the cohesion of internal regulations of some of the international companies operating in Poland with the traditional family model established in Polish law analyzing three areas such as: supporting parenting, family business, and preference for non-heterosexual persons. The conclusions are that some of the internal regulations are not coherent with Polish law, and some of the bylaws regarding, e.g., daycare or flexible working hours, can be adapted to Polish legal system. It (unclear what “it” is referring to) would benefit traditional model of the family. The paper contains also the excursus about some legis-lative phenomenon regarding the reception of state law regulations issues by private companies and pos-tulates that the Polish legislator shall be open to new ideas in this matter and search for the well-tried regulations.
5
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Paths of internationalization of Polish enterprises

51%
Glinkowska B. A.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
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2016
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vol. 6
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issue 326
PL
Zmienność otoczenia, nasycenie rynku krajowego, konieczność pozostania konkurencyjnym itp. wymusza na przedsiębiorstwach poszukiwanie nowych rozwiązań w sferze gospodarowania i funkcjonowania. Stawia przed menedżerami nowe wyzwania. Internacjonalizacja przedsiębiorstw to coraz częściej występujący sposób kooperacji i współpracy, wynikający z konieczności poszukiwania nowych rynków zbytu, nowych możliwości, czy przetrwania. W artykule przedstawiono wybrane aspekty internacjonalizacji przedsiębiorstw, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem specyfiki internacjonalizacji polskich firm o mikro, małej i średniej wielkości. Przedstawiono motywy, którymi kierują się przedsiębiorcy i menedżerowie, pozwalające z działalnością gospodarczą wychodzić na rynki zagraniczne. Zawarto też bariery, które w procesie internacjonalizacji występują najczęściej. Przeprowadzono badania empiryczne, na podstawie których pokazano drogi (sposoby) internacjonalizacji przedsiębiorstw polskich z sektora MSP. Odniesiono wyniki badań do polskiej specyfiki i do istniejących modeli. Artykuł napisano w oparciu o analizę literatury i badania własne.
EN
The variability of the environment, saturation of the domestic market, the need to remain competitive, etc. require enterprises to search for new solutions in the fields of management and operation. Managers are confronted with new challenges. The internationalization of enterprises became an increasingly occurring pattern of cooperation and collaboration, resulting from the need to seek new markets and new opportunities, as well as the need to survive on the market. The article presents some chosen aspects of internationalization of enterprises, with a particular focus on the specifics of the internationalization of Polish companies of micro, small and medium size. The article presents the motives that guide entrepreneurs and managers, allowing them to expand their business activities to foreign markets. Also, it shows the barriers, which occur most frequently in the process of internationalization. The conducted empirical studies became the basis for presenting the ways of internationalization of Polish enterprises from the SME sector. The results were then referred to the conditions present in Poland and to the existing models. The article was written based on the analysis of literature and own research.
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